第3 5 卷第4 期 西安科技大学学报
Vol. 35 No. 4
2015 年 07 月 J O U R N A L O F X I ,A N U N I V E R S I T Y O F S C I E N C E A N D T E C H N O L O G Y Jul. 2015
D01:10. 13800/j. cnki. xakjdxxb. 2015. 0401
文章编号:1672 — 9315(2015)04 — 0397 — 06
急斜特厚煤层开采扰动区(M D Z )
煤岩体动力学变形失稳过程分析1
曹建涛1 2 ,来兴平1 2 ,崔 峰 口 ,单鹏飞口
(1.西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054;2.教育部西部矿井开采及灾害防治重点实验室,陕西西安710054)
摘 要 :为研究急斜特厚煤层开采扰功区(M i n i n g D is tu rb ed Zon e , M D Z ) 内煤岩功力学突害控制
问题,综合利用现场声发射(A c o u s t i c E m i s s i o n ,A E ) 与 光 学 钻 孔影 像 (Bo reh ol e Optical I m a g e ,
B O I ) 技术方法,并依托乌鲁木齐矿区急斜特厚煤层煤岩体动力学灾害控制为工程背景,揭示了急
斜特厚煤层开采环境条件下深部开采扰动区结构演化特征。结果表明 :急斜煤层深部煤岩破裂
与哭形过程中“波一力”指标演化分为5 个阶段(初始压密— 破裂萌生— 破裂加速— 整体破坏— 能
量急剧释放)开采扰动区内覆层煤岩体局部动态演化特征显著,主要表现为局部应力畸变诱发
煤岩体整体结构失稳和致灾;煤岩体变形破坏致灾是开采深度、煤岩 体禀赋性、顶底板夹持结构
及应力非对称效应共同作用结果,为急斜特厚煤层动力学灾害预报预测提供依据。
关键 词:急斜特厚煤层;煤岩体;动力学变形破裂;声发射;钻孔光学影像
中图分类号:T D 73 文献标志码:A
Characteristics on dynamical deformation and instability
of coal and rock mass in Mining Disturbed Zone (MDZ)
of steeply dipping heavy thick coal seams mining
CAO Jian-taoU’L A I Xmg-ping 12,CUI Feng12,SH AN Peng-fei1’2
(1. CoiZege o/ Energy Science and Ewgiweeriwg,X i ,aw U 打iuersity o/ Science and T e c h n o lo g y ^ 710054,^ n a ;
2. K e y La&oratory o/ Western Min e Exploration and H azard Preventiony ^ Education^ X V ^ 710054,China)
Abstract:Controlling dy na mic al instability of coal a n d rock m a s s in m i n i n g disturbed z o n e ( M D Z )
is a significant task of safe m ining relating to steeply dipping h e a v y thick coal seams. A i m i n g at
the d y n a m i c hazards controlling goal of coal-rock m a s s in U r u m q i coal field, this p ape r focused
o n the revealing of struct ure evo lution characteristics for m i n i ng dis t ur be dz on e. T h e results
s h o w that process of dyn ami ca l de for mation a n d cracking in coal a n d r ock m a s s is defined as five
stages? w h i c h are initial c o m p r e s s i o n ,cracking p r o d u c i n g ,cracking acceleration, overall d a m a g e
a n d e ne rgy rapid releasing. Local dy na mic al d e f o r m a t i o n o f overlying s t ra t um in coal a n d rock
m a s s is particularly obvi ous within E D Z ,w h i c h w o u l d r e s u h in structure instability a n d hazards.
Co al a n d rock m a s s failure disaster in deeper M D Z related to m i n i n g d e p t h ,essential of coal a n d
i 收稿日期:015— 05 — 10 责任编辑:刘 洁
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(煤炭联合基金)重点项目(U13612030);陕西省重点科技创新团队计划(201 3KCT— 16) 博士启动基
金(2014QDJ069);博士培育基金(014051).
通讯作者:曹建涛(1981— ),男,山西大同人,博士,讲师,E-mail:463583050@qq. com