CentOS 7服务器实战指南：80个步骤轻松入门

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《CentOS 7 Linux Server Cookbook 第二版》是一本实用指南，专为希望将CentOS 7作为服务器解决方案的初学者和经验丰富的系统管理员设计。该书提供了超过80个步骤丰富的食谱，帮助读者从头开始安装、配置、管理和维护CentOS 7服务器。作者Oliver Pelz和Jonathan Hobson确保了内容深度全面，涵盖了CentOS 7操作系统的新特性和变化，包括但不限于： 1. **基础安装与配置**：本书首先介绍如何使用常规和高级方法安装和基本配置CentOS 7，帮助读者快速熟悉操作系统。 2. **系统管理**：读者将学习如何有效地管理整个系统，包括服务的启动、停止和监控，以及软件包的管理和更新。 3. **性能与安全性**：书中详细探讨了如何构建性能优化且安全的服务器环境，包括部署专家级的配置建议和维护软件包的最佳实践，同时讲解如何处理常见服务器问题。 4. **文件系统管理**：涵盖如何管理服务器的文件系统，确保稳定性能，以及如何通过网络共享文件和资源。 5. **网络服务**：涉及安装和配置常见的网络服务，如Web服务器（HTTP/HTTPS）、邮件服务器、FTP服务、数据库服务器以及DNS服务，使读者了解如何在实际环境中操作这些技术。 6. **虚拟化技术**：本书介绍了在CentOS 7上使用Docker平台进行操作系统级虚拟化的概念和实践，这对于理解和利用容器化技术非常关键。 7. **SELinux**：深入理解Security-Enhanced Linux（SELinux）的访问控制架构，掌握其在服务器安全中的核心作用。 8. **IT基础设施监控**：通过Nagios这一工具，读者将学会如何有效监控IT基础设施的状态，确保系统的稳定运行。这本书不仅适合新手，也对有一定经验的管理员有指导价值，它通过实例和实际场景，帮助读者一步步掌握CentOS 7 Linux服务器的方方面面。无论是初次接触还是希望提升技能的读者，都能从中获益匪浅，快速掌握CentOS 7的管理和运维技巧。版权方面，所有内容未经Packt Publishing事先书面许可不得复制或传播，以保障内容的准确性和原创性。

Preface

This is the second edition of the highly rated CentOS Linux Server Cookbook. With the advent

of CentOS 7 in mid 2014, there has been a long list of signicant changes and new features

to this famous operating system. To name a few, there is a new installer, suite of system

management services, rewall daemon, enhanced Linux container support, and a new

standard lesystem. With all these new advances in the operating system, a major part of the

recipes from the CentOS 6 Linux Server Cookbook became obsolete or even non-functional,

making an update of the book's original content essential. But this book is not just a refresher

of the topics covered in the rst edition: two brand new chapters have been included as

well to keep up to date with the latest open source technologies as well as providing better

security: operating system-level virtualization and SELinux. Finally, to make the book a more

comprehensive server-administration book, another chapter about server monitoring has

been included as well.

Building a server can present a challenge. It is often difcult at the best of times and frustrating

at the worst of times. They can represent the biggest of problems or give you a great sense of

pride and achievement. Where the word "server" can describe many things, it is the intention of

this book to lift the lid and expose the inner workings of this enterprise-class computing system

with the intention of enabling you to build your professional server solution of choice. CentOS

is a community-based enterprise class operating system. It is available free of charge, and as

a fully compatible derivative of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), it represents the rst choice

operating system for organizations, companies, professionals, and home users all over the world

who intend to run a server. It's widely respected as a very powerful and exible Linux distribution

and regardless of whether you intend to run a web server, le server, FTP server, domain server,

or a multi-role solution, it is the purpose of this book to deliver a series of turnkey solutions that

will show you how quickly you can build a fully capable and comprehensive server system using

the CentOS operating system. So with this in mind, you could say that this book represents more

than just another introduction to yet another server-based operating system. This is a cookbook

about an enterprise-class operating system that provides a step-by-step approach to making it

work. So, regardless of whether you are a new or an experienced user, there is something inside

these pages for everyone, as this book will become your practical guide to getting things done

and a starting point to all things CentOS.

Preface

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Installing CentOS, is a series of recipes that introduces you to the task of installing

your server, updating, and enhancing the minimal install with additional tools. It is designed

to get you started and to provide a reference that shows you a number of ways to achieve the

desired installation.

Chapter 2, Conguring the System, is designed to follow on from a successful installation

to offer a helping hand and provide you with a number of recipes that will enable you to

achieve the desired starting server conguration. Beginning with showing you how to work

with text les, then changing language and time and date settings, you will not only learn

how congure your network settings but also how to resolve a fully qualied domain name

and work with kernel modules.

Chapter 3, Managing the System, provides the building blocks that will enable you to

champion your server and take control of your environment. It is here where you will kick start

your role as a server administrator by disseminating a wealth of information that will walk you

through a variety of steps that are required to develop a fully considered and professional

server solution.

Chapter 4, Managing Packages with YUM, serves to introduce you to working with software

packages on CentOS 7. From upgrading the system to nding, installing, removing, and

enhancing your system with additional repositories, it is the purpose of this chapter to explain

the open source command-line package management utility known as the Yellowdog Updater

Modied (YUM) as well as the RPM package manager.

Chapter 5, Administering the Filesystem, focuses on working with your server's le system. From

creating mocking disk devices to test-drive concepts expert level formatting and partitioning

commands, you will learn how to work with the Logical Volume Manager, maintain your le

system and work with disk quotas.

Chapter 6, Providing Security, discusses the need to implement a series of solutions that will

deliver the level of protection you need to run a successful server solution. From protecting your

ssh and FTP services, to understanding the new rewalld manager and creating certicates,

you will see how easy it is to build a server that not only considers the need to reduce risk from

external attack but one that will provide additional protection for your users.

Chapter 7, Building a Network, explains the steps required to implement various forms of

resource sharing within your network's computers. From IP addresses and printing devices

to various forms of le sharing protocols, this chapter plays an essential role of any server

whether you are intending to support a home network or a full corporate environment.

Chapter 8, Working with FTP, concentrates on the role of VSFTP with a series of recipes that

will provide the guidance you need to install, congure and manage the File Transfer Protocol

(FTP) you want to provide on a CentOS 7 server.

Preface

vii

Chapter 9, Working with Domains, considers the steps required to implement domain names,

domain resolution, and DNS queries on a CentOS 7 server. The domain name system is an

essential role of any server and whether you are intending to support a home network or a

full corporate environment, it is the purpose of this chapter to provide a series of solutions

that will deliver the beginning of a future-proof solution.

Chapter 10, Working with Databases, provides a series of recipes that deliver instant access

to MySQL and PostgreSQL with the intention of explaining the necessary steps required to

deploy them on a CentOS 7 server.

Chapter 11, Providing Mail Services, introduces you to the process of enabling a domain-wide

Mail Transport Agent to your CentOS 7 server. From building a local POP3/SMTP server to

conguring Fetchmail, the purpose of this chapter is to provide the groundwork for all your

future e-mail-based needs.

Chapter 12, Providing Web Services, investigates the role of the well-known Apache server

technology to full effect, and whether you are intending to run a development server or a live

production server, this chapter provides you with the necessary steps to deliver the features

you need to become the master of your web based publishing solution.

Chapter 13, Operating System-Level Virtualization, introduces you to the word of Linux

containers using the state-of-the-art open source platform Docker, and guides you through

building, running, and sharing your rst Docker image.

Chapter 14, Working with SELinux, helps to understand and demystify Security Enhanced

Linux, which is one of the most little-known topics of CentOS 7.

Chapter 15, Monitoring IT Infrastructure, introduces and shows how to set up Nagios Core,

the de-facto industry standard for monitoring your complete IT infrastructure.

What you need for this book

The requirements of this book are relatively simple and begin with the need to download the

CentOS operating system. The software is free, but you will need a computer that is capable of

fullling the role of a server, some free installation media (blank CD-R/DVD-R or USB device),

an Internet connection, some spare time, and a desire to have fun.

In saying that, many readers will be aware that you do not need a spare computer to take

advantage of this book as the option of installing CentOS on virtualization software is always

available. This approach is quite common and where the recipes contained within these

pages remain applicable, you should be aware that the use of virtualization software is not

considered by this book. For this reason, any requests for support regarding the use of this

software should be directed towards the appropriate supplier.

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