数字音频信号处理详解：均衡器与动态范围实战

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《数字音频信号处理》第二版是一本由德国赫尔默特·施密特大学的Udo Zölzer编著的专业书籍，由约翰威利父子有限公司出版。这本书是数字信号处理领域的经典之作，于2008年首次以《Digital Audio Signal Processing》为标题发行，先前在1995年和1997年分别以德语和英文版面世。书中涵盖了广泛的数字信号处理主题，重点在于音频信号处理方面，如均衡器的设计与应用、动态范围管理等。作者深入浅出地阐述了数字信号的采样、量化、编码和解码过程，以及这些技术如何影响音频质量。读者可以从中了解到数字音频信号的产生、传输和处理技术的理论基础，包括滤波器设计、噪声抑制、失真分析以及现代音频压缩标准等内容。该书旨在为工程师、音频工程师、音响技术专家以及对数字音频技术感兴趣的读者提供实用的工具和知识，帮助他们理解和掌握如何优化音频信号的处理，以实现更好的音质和音频体验。此外，书中还涉及到了版权法律的相关规定，强调了尊重和遵循版权的重要性。对于那些想要进一步探索数字音频处理的实践者和学者来说，《数字音频信号处理》不仅是一本理论教材，也是一本宝贵的参考书，它提供了丰富的实例和案例分析，使读者能够将理论知识应用于实际项目中。通过学习本书，读者将能提升在音频信号处理领域的专业技能，适应快速发展的数字音频技术和应用领域的需求。

2 Introduction

Digital

Transmission

Digital Mixing Console

Digital Storage Media

Audio System

(CD,DVD,

Radio,PC)

Concert hall

udio studio

Living room

Automobile

Figure 1.1 Signal processing for recording, storage, transmission and reproduction.

multichannel MADI interfaces to the mixing console. The ﬁnal stereo mix is stored via a

two-channel AES/EBU interface [AES92] on a two-channel MASTER machine. External

appliances for effects or room simulators are also connected to the mixing console via

a two-channel AES/EBU interface. All systems are synchronized by a MASTER clock

reference. In digital audio technology, the sampling rates

= 48 kHz for professional

studio technology, f

= 44.1 kHz for compact disc and f

= 32 kHz for broadcasting

applications are established. In addition, multiples of these sampling frequencies such as

88.2, 96, 176.4, and 192 kHz are used. The sound mixing console plays a central role

in a digital sound studio. Figure 1.3 shows the functional units. The N input signals are

processed individually. After level and panorama control, all signals are summed up to

give a stereo mix. The summation is carried out several times so that other auxiliary stereo

and/or mono signals are available for other purposes. In a sound channel (see Fig. 1.4), an

equalizer unit (EQ), a dynamic unit (DYN), a delay unit (DEL), a gain element (GAIN)

and a panorama element (PAN) are used. In addition to input and output signals in an audio

channel, inserts as well as auxiliary or direct outputs are required.

1.2 Digital Transmission Systems

In this section digital transmission will be brieﬂy explained. Besides the analog wireless

broadcasting systems based on amplitude and frequency modulation, DAB

(Digital Audio

Broadcasting) has been introduced in several countries [Hoe01]. On the other hand, the

internet has pushed audio/video distribution, internet radio and video via cable networks.

Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting (DAB)

With the introduction of terrestrial digital broadcasting, the quality standards of a compact

disc will be achieved for mobile and stationary reception of radio signals [Ple91].

Therefore, the data rate of a two-channel AES/EBU signal from a transmitting studio

is reduced with the help of a source coder [Bra94] (see Fig. 1.5). Following the source

coder (SC), additional information (AI) like the type of program (music/speech) and

Data rate 16 bit × 48 kHz = 768 kbit/s; data rate (AES/EBU signal) 2 × (24 + 8) bit × 48 kHz =

3.072 Mbit/s; data rate (MADI signal) 56 × (24 + 8) bit × 48 kHz =86.016 Mbit/s.

http://www.worlddab.org/.

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