微软WSH与VBScript编程基础教程

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"微软Wsh和Vbscript编程完全入门" 本书《Microsoft Wsh 和 Vbscript Programming For The Absolute Beginner》第四版，作者Jerry Lee Ford Jr.，由Cengage Learning PTR出版，旨在引导初学者进入Windows Script Host (Wsh) 和Visual Basic Script (Vbscript) 的编程世界。书中内容覆盖了这两个技术的基础知识，帮助读者理解和掌握它们的核心概念。 Vbscript是一种轻量级的脚本语言，主要应用于Windows环境中，尤其在自动化任务、网页交互和系统管理等方面有广泛应用。Wsh是微软提供的一种平台，它允许用户使用Vbscript或Jscript编写脚本，以执行各种系统级别的任务，如文件操作、进程管理、网络通信等。通过Wsh，开发者可以无需编写完整的应用程序，而是利用脚本来快速实现特定功能。本书的部分内容可能包括以下几个方面： 1. **Vbscript基础**：介绍Vbscript的语法结构，包括变量声明、数据类型、控制结构（如if...then，for...next循环）、函数和过程的使用，以及错误处理机制。 2. **Wsh架构**：解释Wsh的工作原理，包括Wsh宿主（如WScript和CScript）的区别，以及如何通过它们来运行和调试Vbscript脚本。 3. **Wsh对象模型**：详细介绍Wsh提供的各种对象，如FileSystemObject用于文件和目录操作，WScript.Shell用于系统命令执行和环境变量访问，以及NetworkObject用于网络相关操作。 4. **脚本编写实践**：提供实例代码，展示如何使用Vbscript和Wsh来完成实际任务，如创建、修改和删除文件，管理Windows服务，发送邮件，以及进行定时任务调度。 5. **与其他技术的集成**：讲解如何将Vbscript与ActiveX、COM组件和.NET Framework集成，以增强脚本的功能。 6. **调试和优化**：讨论如何调试Vbscript代码，以及性能优化的最佳实践。 7. **安全考虑**：讲解Vbscript和Wsh的安全特性，包括权限管理、脚本签名和防止恶意脚本攻击的方法。 8. **案例研究**：通过真实世界的应用场景，展示Vbscript和Wsh在系统管理、Web开发和其他领域的应用。本书适合完全没有编程经验的新手，也对有一定经验的开发者了解Vbscript和Wsh提供了一条清晰的学习路径。无论你是想提升系统管理效率，还是希望扩展网页交互功能，这本书都能为你提供宝贵的指导。同时，书中强调的实际操作和实例代码将帮助你快速上手并深入理解这两个技术。

Welcome to the fourth edition of Microsoft WSH and VBScript Programming for the Absolute Beginner.

Visual Basic Scripting language (VBScript) is a member of the Visual Basic family of programming lan-

guages. Other members of this family include Visual Basic and Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). Visual

Basic is a very powerful and complex programming language used by programming professionals all over

the world. VBA is a programming language based on Visual Basic that is designed to provide a programming

environment for Microsoft Office applications such as Excel and Access.

Like VBA, VBScript represents a subset of the Visual Basic programming language. VBScripts can be run

on any computer running Windows 95 or later as long as the Windows Script Host (WSH) is installed.

The WSH represents one of several environments in which VBScripts can be run. Other environments in

which VBScripts can run include HTML pages processed by Internet Explorer–compatible Web browsers

and within Microsoft Outlook or Active Server Pages (ASP). Of all the environments in which VBScripts

can run, the WSH is the most commonly used. However, by learning to write VBScripts using the WSH,

you are also learning much of the prerequisite knowledge required to write VBScripts that will run in

each of these other environments.

The WSH provides VBScripts with the capability to execute on Windows computers and to directly access

and manipulate Windows resources such as the Windows desktop, file system, Registry, printers, network

resources, and so on. You can think of the relationship between VBScript and the WSH as follows: VBScript

provides the capability to create scripts and apply logic to perform specific tasks that manipulate Windows

resources, which are made available to the script via the WSH.

Why VBScript?

VBScript is an excellent first programming language to learn. Its simplicity makes learning basic program-

ming concepts easy. Yet VBScript is a powerful scripting language from which you can learn even the most

complex programming concepts such as how to perform object-based programming. Unlike Visual Basic,

VBA, and many other programming languages, there is no complex development environment to learn.

In fact, you can create all your VBScripts using a simple text editor such as Windows Notepad.

VBScript provides a foundation that will later make learning Visual Basic and VBA a lot easier. VBScript

is a great language for developing small but powerful scripts that perform all sorts of tasks. In fact, you’ll

find that many VBScripts are not very big at all when compared to programs written using more tradi-

tional programming languages. As you read through this book, I think you will be amazed at just what

you can do with only a handful of lines of VBScript code. This makes VBScript the perfect language for

rapid development, meaning that you can often write a VBScript to perform a task in a fraction of the

time that it might take to write a program that performs the same task using a different programming

language. Best of all, VBScript is free.

Introduction

Who Should Read This Book?

This book is designed to teach you how to begin developing VBScripts using the WSH. It does not assume

that you have a programming background. However, a basic understanding of computers and Microsoft

Windows is assumed.

If you are a first timer looking for a friendly language with which to begin a programming career or a

more experienced programmer who is looking for a book that provides you with a quick WSH and VBScript

learning curve, then give this book a try.

This book’s games-based teaching approach makes it very different from other books. This approach is

not only more fun, but is also an extremely helpful technique for learning a new programming language.

What You Need to Begin

To follow along and complete all the exercises that you’ll find in this book, you’ll need a number of things:

• A computer running Windows.

• The current version of the WSH, which is version 5.8. If your computer is running Windows 7,

Windows 8, or Windows 8.1, then you already have the version of WSH that you need. If you are

using Windows XP with Service Pack 3 or Windows Vista, you can download and install WSH 5.7

from www.microsoft.com/downloads/.

• A text editor that supports the creation of plain-text files to create and work with your VBScripts.

For this book, you can use the Windows Notepad application. Alternatively, you may prefer to

download and install a VBScript-compatible script editor. Specialized VBScript editors provide

numerous advanced features not provided by Notepad, including statement color-coding, a built-in

debugger, line and column numbering, script execution from within the editor, statement indentation,

and more. A good example of a VBScript editor is Adersoft VbsEdit. It is distributed as shareware

with a limited period of free trial and can be downloaded from www.vbsedit.com.

How This Book Is Organized

The fourth edition of Microsoft WSH and VBScript Programming for the Absolute Beginner has been

improved in a number of ways. For starters, it has been updated to cover WSH 5.8 and VBScript 5.8, both

of which were updated with the release of Windows 7. All scripts have been tested and their execution

verified on both Windows 7 and Windows 8.1. In addition, a new chapter has been added that provides an

introduction to HTML Applications (HTAs), which provide a mechanism for creating scripts that feature

a graphical user interface (GUI). Lastly, I have streamlined coverage of many topics spread throughout

the book to provide an even better learning experience.

This book is organized into four parts with the intention that you read it sequentially from beginning to end.

If you are a new or inexperienced programmer, you will want to read this book in this manner. However,

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Microsoft WSH and VBScript Programming for the Absolute Beginner, Fourth Edition

if you already know another programming language and feel that you have a strong enough background

in basic programming concepts, you might want to skip around and tackle each chapter in the order that

best suits your particular requirements.

Part I, “Introducing the WSH and VBScript,” consists of two chapters and provides an introduction to both

VBScript and the WSH. Part II, “Learning VBScript and WSH Scripting,” contains five chapters, which

cover the programming statements that make up the VBScript scripting language. In addition, you’ll find

coverage of the WSH woven throughout these chapters. The seven chapters in Part III, “Advanced Topics,”

are dedicated to covering a collection of advanced topics that include file and folder administration, error

handling, interaction with the Windows Registry, working with built-in VBScript objects, using XML

to create WSH files, working with Windows Management Instrumentation, and adding graphical user

interfaces to your scripts. Part IV, “Appendices,” is a collection of five appendices that provide you with

additional avenues of exploration, including examples of real-world scripts, an introduction to Remote

WSH, documentation of built-in VBScript functions, and a look at this book’s companion website.

The basic outline of the book is as follows:

• Chapter 1, “Getting Started with the WSH and VBScript.” This chapter provides a high-level

introduction to both the WSH and VBScript. This includes how to install the WSH and how to

create and execute your first VBScript.

• Chapter 2, “An Introduction to the Windows Script Host.” This chapter provides an introduction

to the WSH core object model and the objects that comprise it. Particular attention is paid to the

WScript root object. You’ll also learn how to configure the WSH and how to specify a default script

execution host.

• Chapter 3, “VBScript Basics.” This chapter begins your VBScript education. You’ll learn about

VBScript’s core and run-time objects and their properties and methods. You’ll learn about

other VBScript elements including VBScript’s built-in functions, syntax rules, and output methods.

You’ll also learn about various WSH output functions.

• Chapter 4, “Constants, Variables, Arrays, and Dictionaries.” This chapter shows you how to create

and reference data stored in the computer’s memory using constants, variables, and arrays. You’ll

learn about VBScript’s built-in collection constants. This chapter also presents the rules for variable

creation and the enforcement of variable use as well as the techniques required to store and retrieve

collections of data in arrays.

• Chapter 5, “Conditional Logic.” This chapter expands your scripting background to include an

understanding of how to add conditional logic to your scripts to provide alternative execution

paths for script execution. You’ll examine both the VBScript

If and Select Case statements. In

addition, you’ll learn about VBScript operators and operator precedence.

• Chapter 6, “Processing Collections of Data.” This chapter teaches you how to process collections

of data and resources using various VBScript looping statements (

For…Next, Do While, Do…Until,

While…End, and For Each…Next). You’ll learn how to write small scripts that can add shortcuts to

your scripts on the Windows desktop and Start menu.

xvii

Introduction

• Chapter 7, “Using Procedures to Organize Scripts.” In this chapter, you learn how to improve the

organization of your scripts using procedures. You’ll also be introduced to the concept of creating

reusable procedures. This will help you create scripts that are more complicated and easier to modify.

• Chapter 8, “Storing and Retrieving Data.” This chapter teaches you how to create VBScripts that

can write to and read from text files. In addition to learning how to create reports and log files,

this chapter shows you how to store and retrieve script configuration settings in INI files, thus

allowing you to externalize key script settings.

• Chapter 9, “Handling Script Errors.” This chapter focuses on teaching you how to deal with the

errors that occur during script development and execution. This chapter introduces errors during

script development and shows you how to troubleshoot them. In addition, you’ll learn how to

bypass errors and to develop code that handles specific error conditions.

• Chapter 10, “Using the Windows Registry to Configure Script Settings.” This chapter provides an

overview of the Windows Registry and shows you how to develop scripts that store and retrieve data

in Registry keys and values. Because most Windows functionality is controlled from the Registry, this

knowledge will provide the basic building blocks required to manipulate any number of Windows

settings.

• Chapter 11, “Working with Built-in VBScript Objects.” This chapter expands your understanding

of object-based programming by reviewing VBScript’s built-in collection of objects. Specifically,

you’ll learn new techniques for parsing and extracting data from strings.

• Chapter 12, “Combining Different Scripting Languages.” In this chapter, you learn how to take

advantage of the WSH’s support for Windows Script Files. Windows Script Files enable you to

combine two or more WSH-supported scripting languages, such as VBScript and JScript, into a

single script using XML. You’ll also learn a little about XML and the XML tags supported by the WSH.

• Chapter 13, “Working with the Windows Management Instrumentation.” This chapter was

added to the third edition of this book. It provides an overview of the WMI and the WMI model.

You will learn about WMI objects, namespaces, providers, and classes. You will also learn how to

develop scripts that use WMI to collect and process systems information.

• Chapter 14, “Adding a GUI to Your Scripts.” This chapter, which is entirely new to this edition of

the book, introduces HTML Applications (HTAs), which can be used to provide scripts with

graphical user interfaces (GUIs). This chapter explains how HTAs work and teaches you how to

add GUIs to your scripts, replete with radio buttons, checkboxes, text fields, drop-down lists, and

other attributes associated with Windows applications.

• Appendix A, “WSH Administrative Scripting.” In this appendix, I show you some practical examples

that demonstrate the use of VBScript and the WSH in real-world situations. This appendix will assist

you in making a transition from the book’s game-based approach to real-world script development.

• Appendix B, “Introducing Remote WSH.” This appendix was added to the third edition of this

book. In it, you will learn how to execute, monitor, and terminate the remote execution of scripts

using Remote WSH. You will learn about the objects that make up Remote WSH and how to work

with their properties and methods.

Microsoft WSH and VBScript Programming for the Absolute Beginner, Fourth Edition

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