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首页1998-2018年哈德逊湾大气季节性变化详析:关键指标与全球影响
本篇论文《美国气候变化杂志》(American Journal of Climate Change)于2020年发表,标题为《1998-2018年哈德逊湾大气变化的季节性分析》。作者通过深入研究北美区域再分析模型(NARR)的高分辨率数据集,旨在揭示哈德逊湾近二十年来与大气关键因素密切相关的显著气候变化现象。研究重点关注了地表气象参数,如气温、湿度、海平面压力、风向、云度、降水、地表反照率以及地表向下长波辐射等的季节性变化。 作者发现,底层热结构的增强导致了近地面湿度、蒸发、云量、降水和向下长波辐射的变化。特别地,研究指出北部、东部边界和詹姆斯湾地区在冬季和秋季的变化最为明显。对比分析了1998年至2018年间的平均低空温度、地表反照率、低空云和地表蒸发数据,与传统气候平均值(1981-2010年)相比,呈现出显著的统计学差异。有趣的是,春季低云距平与2米气温距平间存在显著的正相关关系,这与其他季节相比更为突出。 这些发现对哈德逊湾地区的气候模式有重要影响,暗示着由于近期大气变化,可能对该区域局部乃至全球气候产生了变暖效应。作为北极和次北极地区的研究对象,哈德逊湾的气候变化研究对于理解全球气候变化趋势以及制定适应和减缓策略具有重要意义。通过NARR模型的细致分析,该研究为气候科学家提供了宝贵的数据依据,有助于提升我们对极端气候事件预测和应对能力。
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F. Fazel-Rastgar
DOI:
10.4236/ajcc.2020.92008 104
American Journal of Climate Change
the lowest slope during spring (Figure 2). The sub anomaly period (1999-2015)
from the recent 2 decades has been selected for statistical analysis which is pre-
sented in the Section 17.
Figure 3 shows sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly map during 1998-2018
(study period) departure from 1981-2010 (normal period) for winter (a), spring
(b), summer (c) and fall (d) in Hudson Bay region. The sea surface temperatures
have been increased in Hudson Bay. During winter, the highest value is ~2.5 K
in the north and northeast. In spring the maximum change in SST is in the north
part around 1 K. During summer the areas in the west have been getting warm
with a maximum value around 1.1 K. During fall, the SST has been increased in
the west, east and north with the maximum around 1.9 K.
3.1.1. Air Temperature Anomaly at 2 m
Figure 4(a) shows 2 m air temperature anomaly in Hudson Bay region for the
study period. This figure shows the increase of 2 m air temperature in all parts of
Hudson Bay. The temperature anomaly increases from the west (around 1 K) to
the north-west, east and south-east. The increase in 2 m air temperature in the
boundary region in the north, east and south boundaries is remarkable with the
maximum value at around 4 K.
Figure 4(b) shows 2 m air temperature anomaly
during spring. The temperature at 2 m has been increased mostly in all part from
~0.2 K to ~1.8 K except the south-west part with no change.
Figure 4(c) shows
the same map but for summer anomaly. During summer, Hudson Bay (except in
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
Figure 2. Seasonal mean time series of SST for winter (a); spring (b); summer (c) and fall (d) for Hudson Bay from 1948 to 2018.
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