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S3C2440A微控制器用户手册:中断、定时器与串口详解
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"S3C2440是一款32位CMOS微控制器的用户手册,详细介绍了中断、定时器、串口等寄存器以及其使用方法。"
S3C2440是三星公司设计的一款基于ARM920T内核的高性能微处理器,广泛应用于嵌入式系统设计,如移动设备、数字媒体播放器和工业控制等领域。该芯片手册提供了关于S3C2440芯片的全面技术信息,帮助开发者理解和利用其功能。
手册中的"中断"部分详细阐述了S3C2440的中断管理系统,包括中断源、中断优先级、中断处理流程以及如何配置和管理中断向量。中断在实时系统中起着关键作用,允许处理器对突发事件作出快速响应,例如外部设备的信号或定时器到期。
"定时器"章节则涵盖了S3C2440的多个内置定时器模块,如定时器0到4,它们可以用于系统计时、事件计数或生成周期性信号。每个定时器的配置、操作模式、预分频器设置和中断机制都有详尽的描述。
"串口"(UART)部分介绍了S3C2440的通用异步收发传输器,它支持多种通信协议,如RS-232和IrDA。这部分会讲解串口的波特率设置、数据格式、接收与发送缓冲区以及中断控制,对于实现设备间的串行通信至关重要。
手册还可能涉及其他硬件接口,如I/O端口、GPIO(通用输入/输出)、SPI(串行外围接口)、I2C(集成电路间通信)和DMA(直接内存访问),这些接口在连接外部设备和进行数据传输时非常有用。
在实际应用中,开发者需要根据S3C2440的手册来配置寄存器,以设定系统参数和控制芯片功能。例如,通过设置特定的寄存器值,可以开启或关闭某个外设,改变其工作模式,或者调整性能参数。
尽管手册在发布时已经进行了仔细校验,但三星公司不承担由于信息错误或遗漏可能产生的后果,也不承诺更新文档以反映产品或规格的任何更改。此外,购买S3C2440半导体器件并不自动授予任何专利使用权,使用者需自行负责产品选择和应用。
在使用S3C2440进行项目开发时,确保对芯片特性和限制有充分理解,遵循手册指导,并考虑到可能的风险,比如意外损坏、兼容性问题和法律责任,这样才能最大化地发挥S3C2440的优势,构建高效可靠的嵌入式系统。
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xvi S3C2440A MICROCONTROLLER
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 17 Real Time Clock
Overview .............................................................................................................................................17-1
Features .....................................................................................................................................17-1
Real Time Clock Operation...........................................................................................................17-2
Leap Year Generator....................................................................................................................17-2
Read/Write Registers...................................................................................................................17-2
Backup Battery Operation ............................................................................................................17-2
Alarm Function............................................................................................................................17-3
TICK Time Interrupt ......................................................................................................................17-3
32.768kHz X-Tal Connection Example ..........................................................................................17-3
Real Time Clock Special Registers .......................................................................................................17-4
Real Time Clock Control (RTCCON) Register .................................................................................17-4
TICK Time Count (TICNT) Register ................................................................................................17-4
RTC Alarm Control (RTCALM) Register..........................................................................................17-5
ALARM Second Data (ALMSEC) Register .....................................................................................17-6
ALARM Min Data (ALMMIN) Register............................................................................................17-6
ALARM Hour Data (ALMHOUR) Register.......................................................................................17-6
ALARM Date Data (ALMDATE) Register........................................................................................17-7
ALARM Mon Data (ALMMON) Register .........................................................................................17-7
ALARM Year Data (ALMYEAR) Register .......................................................................................17-7
BCD Second (BCDSEC) Register .................................................................................................17-8
BCD Minute (BCDMIN) Register....................................................................................................17-8
BCD Hour (BCDHOUR) Register ...................................................................................................17-8
BCD Date (BCDDATE) Register....................................................................................................17-9
BCD Day (BCDDAY) Register.......................................................................................................17-9
BCD Month (BCDMON) Register...................................................................................................17-9
BCD Year (BCDYEAR) Register ...................................................................................................17-10
Chapter 18 Watchdog Timer
Overview .............................................................................................................................................18-1
Features .....................................................................................................................................18-1
Watchdog Timer Operation...........................................................................................................18-2
Wtdat & Wtcnt ............................................................................................................................18-2
Consideration of Debugging Environment .......................................................................................18-2
Watchdog Timer Special Registers .......................................................................................................18-3
Watchdog Timer Control (WTCON) Register...................................................................................18-3
Watchdog Timer Data (WTDAT) Register.......................................................................................18-4
Watchdog Timer Count (WTCNT) Register .....................................................................................18-4
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S3C2440A MICROCONTROLLER xvii
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 19 MMC/SD/SDIO Controller
Features .............................................................................................................................................19-1
Block Diagram ....................................................................................................................................19-1
SD Operation ......................................................................................................................................19-2
SDIO Operation...................................................................................................................................19-3
SDI Special Registers ..........................................................................................................................19-4
SDI Control Register (SDICON).....................................................................................................19-4
SDI Baud Rate Prescaler Register (SDIPRE) .................................................................................19-4
SDI Command Argument Register (SDICmdArg).............................................................................19-5
SDI Command Control Register (SDICmdCon)................................................................................19-5
SDI Command Status Register (SDICmdSta) .................................................................................19-6
SDI Response Register 0 (SDIRSP0) ............................................................................................19-6
SDI Response Register 1 (SDIRSP1) ............................................................................................19-6
SDI Response Register 2 (SDIRSP2) ............................................................................................19-7
SDI Response Register 3 (SDIRSP3) ............................................................................................19-7
SDI Data / Busy Timer Register (SDIDTimer)..................................................................................19-7
SDI Block Size Register (SDIBSize)..............................................................................................19-7
SDI Data Control Register (SDIDatCon) .........................................................................................19-8
SDI Data Remain Counter Register (ADIDatCnt).............................................................................19-9
SDI Data Status Register (ADIDatSta)...........................................................................................19-9
SDI FIFO Status Register (SDIFSTA)............................................................................................19-10
SDI Interrupt Mask Register (SDIIntMsk)........................................................................................19-11
SDI Data Register (SDIDAT) .........................................................................................................19-12
Chapter 20 IIC-Bus Interface
Overview .............................................................................................................................................20-1
IIC-Bus Interface..........................................................................................................................20-3
Start and Stop Conditions ............................................................................................................20-3
Data Transfer Format ...................................................................................................................20-4
ACK Signal Transmission.............................................................................................................20-5
Read-Write Operation ..................................................................................................................20-6
Bus Arbitration Procedures...........................................................................................................20-6
Abort Conditions..........................................................................................................................20-6
Configuring IIC-Bus ......................................................................................................................20-6
Flowcharts of Operations in Each Mode.........................................................................................20-7
IIC-Bus Interface Special Registers .......................................................................................................20-11
Multi-Master IIC-Bus Control (IICCON) Register ..............................................................................20-11
Multi-Master IIC-Bus Control/Status (IICSTAT) Register...................................................................20-12
Multi-Master IIC-Bus Address (IICADD) Register.............................................................................20-13
Multi-Master IIC-Bus Transmit/Receive Data Shift (IICDS) Register...................................................20-13
Multi-Master IIC-Bus Line Contro l(IICLC) Register ..........................................................................20-14
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xviii S3C2440A MICROCONTROLLER
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 21 IIS-Bus Interface
Overview .............................................................................................................................................21-1
Block Diagram ....................................................................................................................................21-2
Functional Descriptions........................................................................................................................21-2
Transmit or Receive Only Mode ....................................................................................................21-2
Dma Transfer ..............................................................................................................................21-3
Transmit and Receive Mode..........................................................................................................21-3
Audio Serial Interface Format................................................................................................................21-3
IIS-Bus Format ............................................................................................................................21-3
MSB (Left) Justified .....................................................................................................................21-3
Sampling Frequency and Master Clock .........................................................................................21-4
IIS-Bus Interface Special Registers .......................................................................................................21-5
IIS Control (IISCON) Register........................................................................................................21-5
IIS Mode Register (IISMOD) Register.............................................................................................21-6
IIS Prescaler (IISPSR) Register.....................................................................................................21-7
IIS FIFO Control (IISFCON) Register..............................................................................................21-8
IIS FIFO (IISFIFO) Register...........................................................................................................21-8
Chapter 22 SPI
Overview .............................................................................................................................................22-1
Features .....................................................................................................................................22-1
Block Diagram ............................................................................................................................22-2
SPI Operation .....................................................................................................................................22-3
Programming Procedure...............................................................................................................22-3
SPI Transfer Format.....................................................................................................................22-4
Transmitting Procedure for DMA ...................................................................................................22-5
Receiving Procedure for DMA .......................................................................................................22-5
SPI Special Registers ..........................................................................................................................22-6
SPI Control Register ....................................................................................................................22-6
SPI Status Register.....................................................................................................................22-7
SPI Pin Control Register ..............................................................................................................22-8
SPI Baud Rate Prescaler Register ................................................................................................22-9
SPI Tx Data Register ...................................................................................................................22-9
SPI Rx Data Register...................................................................................................................22-9
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S3C2440A MICROCONTROLLER xix
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 23 Camera Interface
Overview .............................................................................................................................................23-1
Features .....................................................................................................................................23-1
Block Diagram ............................................................................................................................23-2
Timing Diagram ...........................................................................................................................23-3
Camera Interface Operation ..................................................................................................................23-5
Two DMA Paths ..........................................................................................................................23-5
Clock Domain .............................................................................................................................23-5
Frame Memory Hirerarchy ............................................................................................................23-6
Memory Storing Method...............................................................................................................23-8
Timing Diagram for Register Setting ..............................................................................................23-9
Timing Diagram for Last IRQ.........................................................................................................23-10
Camera Interface Special Registers.......................................................................................................23-11
Source Format Register ...............................................................................................................23-11
Window Option Register...............................................................................................................23-12
Global Control Register ................................................................................................................23-13
Y1 Start Address Register............................................................................................................23-13
Y2 Start Address Register............................................................................................................23-13
Y3 Start Address Register............................................................................................................23-14
Y4 Start Address Register............................................................................................................23-14
CB1 Start Address Register .........................................................................................................23-14
CB2 Start Address Register .........................................................................................................23-14
CB3 Start Address Register .........................................................................................................23-15
CB4 Start Address Register .........................................................................................................23-15
CR1 Start Address Register .........................................................................................................23-15
CR2 Start Address Register .........................................................................................................23-15
CR3 Start Address Register .........................................................................................................23-16
CR4 Start Address Register .........................................................................................................23-16
Codec Target Format Register ......................................................................................................23-17
Codec Dma Control Register ........................................................................................................23-19
Register Setting Guide for Codec Scaler and Preview Scaler ...........................................................23-20
Codec Pre-Scaler Control Register 1.............................................................................................23-21
Codec Pre-Scaler Control Register 2.............................................................................................23-21
Codec Main-Scaler Control Register..............................................................................................23-22
Codec Dma Target Area Register..................................................................................................23-22
Codec Status Register.................................................................................................................23-23
RGB1 Start Address Register.......................................................................................................23-23
RGB2 Start Address Register.......................................................................................................23-23
RGB3 Start Address Register.......................................................................................................23-24
RGB4 Start Address Register.......................................................................................................23-24
Preview Target Format Register ....................................................................................................23-24
Preview DMA Control Register ......................................................................................................23-25
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/9416760/bg14.jpg)
xx S3C2440A MICROCONTROLLER
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 23 Camera Interface (Continued)
Preview Pre-Scaler Control Register 1 ...........................................................................................23-25
Preview Pre-Scaler Control Register 2 ...........................................................................................23-26
Preview Main-Scaler Control Register ............................................................................................23-26
Preview DMA Target Area Register................................................................................................23-26
Preview Status Register ...............................................................................................................23-27
Image Capture Enable Register.....................................................................................................23-27
Chapter 24 AC97 Controller
Overview .............................................................................................................................................24-1
Features .....................................................................................................................................24-1
AC97 Controller Operation....................................................................................................................24-2
Block Diagram ............................................................................................................................24-2
Internal Data Path........................................................................................................................24-3
Operation Flow Chart ...........................................................................................................................24-4
AC-Link Digital Interface Protocol..........................................................................................................24-5
AC-Link Output Frame (SDATA_OUT) ...........................................................................................24-6
AC-Link Input Frame (SDATA_IN) .................................................................................................24-6
AC97 Powerdown ................................................................................................................................24-7
AC97 Controller Special Registers ........................................................................................................24-9
AC97 Global Control Register (AC_GLBCTRL) ...............................................................................24-9
AC97 Global Status Register (AC_GLBSTAT) ................................................................................24-10
AC97 Codec Command Register (AC_CODEC_CMD).....................................................................24-10
AC97 Codec Status Register (AC_CODEC_STAT) .........................................................................24-11
AC97 PCM Out/In Channel FIFO Address Register (AC_PCMADDR) ...............................................24-11
AC97 MIC in Channel FIFO Address Register (AC_MICADDR) ........................................................24-12
AC97 PCM Out/In Channel FIFO Data Register (AC_PCMDATA).....................................................24-12
AC97 MIC in Channel FIFO Data Register (AC_MICDATA)..............................................................24-12
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