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首页ANSYS Icepak用户指南:18.1版学习路径与资源
冰pak用户指南是ANSYS公司发布的一个重要软件产品,适用于Release 18.1版本。该文档详细介绍了如何有效地学习和理解icepak,一个在热流体分析领域广泛使用的工具。它覆盖了icepak的基础概念、功能特性以及在ANSYS Workbench工作流程中的应用。用户可以根据本指南合理安排学习计划,确保逐步掌握这个强大的仿真软件。
icepak的核心功能包括对传热和流体流动问题的模拟,适用于电子设备冷却、建筑环境设计等多种工程场景。它利用ANSYS的计算流体力学(CFD)技术,提供了高级的三维建模和求解能力,能够处理复杂的几何形状和多物理场交互。用户可以利用这款软件进行温度分布分析、散热器设计优化、热管理策略评估等任务。
学习冰pak时,建议按照以下步骤进行:
1. **入门指南**:首先阅读文档的简介部分,了解icepak的基本架构和工作原理,以及它与ANSYS Workbench集成的关系。
2. **安装与配置**:熟悉软件的安装过程,并设置合适的硬件和软件环境,以便顺利运行。
3. **基础知识**:深入学习icepak的数学模型(如傅里叶定律、Navier-Stokes方程等),以及如何创建和设置边界条件。
4. **案例研究**:通过实际项目示例,了解如何运用icepak解决实际问题,包括几何建模、网格生成、求解过程和结果解读。
5. **高级特性**:探索icepak的高级功能,如多物理场耦合、自适应网格技术和并行计算,提升模拟精度和效率。
6. **用户界面与工作流程**:熟练操作icepak的图形用户界面,理解工作流程中的各个模块和选项,提高工作效率。
7. **最佳实践**:阅读关于性能优化、问题调试和结果后处理的建议,以提升整体使用体验。
8. **认证培训**:如果可能,参加官方提供的培训课程或认证考试,以获取更深入的理解和认可。
版权和商标信息表明,icepak及其相关技术属于ANSYS公司,使用过程中需遵循相应的法律条款,尊重知识产权。此外,文档还提到了与其他品牌的关联,如CFX(由索尼在日本持有商标权)和Flexera Software的FLEMLM和FLEXnet等。
最后,用户应意识到软件中包含的商业秘密和专有信息,不得未经授权进行复制或分发,以保护ANYSYS公司的核心竞争力和客户利益。
icepak用户指南是一份全面且实用的资源,对于希望在热流体模拟领域深入学习和工作的专业人士来说,是不可或缺的学习和参考材料。
35.6.16. Meshing Parameters for Plates .......................................................................................... 796
35.6.17. Meshing Parameters for Resistances .................................................................................. 796
35.6.18. Meshing Parameters for Sources ....................................................................................... 797
35.6.19. Meshing Parameters for Traces .......................................................................................... 797
35.6.20. Meshing Parameters for Walls ........................................................................................... 797
35.6.21. Meshing Parameters for Assemblies .................................................................................. 798
35.7. Controlling the Meshing Order for Objects ................................................................................... 798
35.8. Non-Conformal Meshing Procedures for Assemblies .................................................................... 799
35.9. Displaying the Mesh .................................................................................................................... 801
35.9.1. Displaying the Mesh on Individual Objects .......................................................................... 801
35.9.2. Displaying the Mesh on a Cross-Section of the Model .......................................................... 806
35.10. Checking the Mesh ................................................................................................................... 810
35.10.1. Checking the Face Alignment ........................................................................................... 810
35.10.2. Checking the Element Volume .......................................................................................... 812
35.10.3. Checking the Skewness .................................................................................................... 814
35.11. Loading an Existing Mesh .......................................................................................................... 818
36. Calculating a Solution ....................................................................................................................... 819
36.1. Overview .................................................................................................................................... 819
36.2. General Procedure for Setting Up and Calculating a Solution ........................................................ 820
36.3. Choosing the Discretization Scheme ........................................................................................... 821
36.4. Setting Under-Relaxation Factors ................................................................................................ 823
36.5. Selecting the Multigrid Scheme ................................................................................................... 824
36.6. Selecting Linear Solver Advanced Controls .................................................................................. 824
36.7. Selecting the Version of the Solver ............................................................................................... 825
36.8. Initializing the Solution ............................................................................................................... 825
36.9. Monitoring the Solution .............................................................................................................. 826
36.9.1. Defining Solution Monitors ................................................................................................. 827
36.9.2. Plotting Residuals ............................................................................................................... 829
36.10. Defining Postprocessing Objects ............................................................................................... 830
36.11. Defining Reports ....................................................................................................................... 830
36.12. Setting the Solver Controls ........................................................................................................ 831
36.12.1. Using the Solve Panel to Set the Solver Controls ................................................................ 832
36.12.2. Advanced Solution Control Options .................................................................................. 837
36.12.3. Results Solution Control Options ....................................................................................... 839
36.12.4. Parallel Processing ............................................................................................................ 841
36.12.5. Optimizing the Parallel Solver Performance ....................................................................... 843
36.13. Partitioning the Grid .................................................................................................................. 844
36.13.1. Workstation Cluster .......................................................................................................... 844
36.14. Starting Parallel ANSYS Icepak with the Job Scheduler ............................................................... 845
36.14.1. Configure Icepak for Network Parallel ................................................................................ 845
36.14.1.1. Install and Configure Icepak ..................................................................................... 845
36.14.1.2. Installing Platform MPI ............................................................................................. 847
36.14.1.3. Configure Icepak Network Parallel for Microsoft 2012 Server ..................................... 850
36.14.2. Configure Remote Linux Nodes ......................................................................................... 853
36.14.3. Batch Processing of ANSYS Icepak Projects on a Windows Machine .................................... 856
36.15. Performing Calculations ............................................................................................................ 858
36.15.1. Starting the Calculation .................................................................................................... 858
36.15.2.The Solution residuals Graphics Display and Control Window ............................................ 859
36.15.3. Changing the Solution Monitors During the Calculation .................................................... 861
36.15.4. Ending the Calculation ...................................................................................................... 861
36.15.5. Judging Convergence ....................................................................................................... 862
36.16. Diagnostic Tools for Technical Support ....................................................................................... 862
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of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.xvi
User's Guide
37. Examining the Results ....................................................................................................................... 865
37.1. Overview: The Post Menu and Postprocessing Toolbar ................................................................. 865
37.1.1.The Post Menu .................................................................................................................... 865
37.1.2. The Postprocessing Toolbar ................................................................................................ 867
37.2. Graphical Displays ....................................................................................................................... 868
37.2.1. Overview of Generating Graphical Displays ......................................................................... 868
37.2.2.The Significance of Color in Graphical Displays .................................................................... 869
37.2.3. Managing Postprocessing Objects ...................................................................................... 869
37.2.4. Displaying Results on Object Faces ..................................................................................... 872
37.2.5. Displaying Results on Cross-Sections of the Model .............................................................. 876
37.2.6. Displaying Results on Isosurfaces ........................................................................................ 884
37.2.7. Displaying Results at a Point ............................................................................................... 889
37.2.8. Contour Attributes ............................................................................................................. 892
37.2.9. Vector Attributes ................................................................................................................ 897
37.2.10. Particle Trace Attributes .................................................................................................... 900
37.3. XY Plots ...................................................................................................................................... 905
37.3.1. Variation Plots .................................................................................................................... 905
37.3.2. Trials Plots .......................................................................................................................... 910
37.3.3. Network Temperature Plots ................................................................................................ 914
37.4. Selecting a Solution Set to be Examined ...................................................................................... 916
37.5. Zoom-In Modeling ...................................................................................................................... 916
37.6. Display Powermap Property ........................................................................................................ 918
38. Generating Reports ........................................................................................................................... 923
38.1. Overview: The Report Menu ........................................................................................................ 923
38.2. Variables Available for Reporting ................................................................................................. 924
38.3. HTML Reports ............................................................................................................................. 927
38.4. Reviewing a Solution ................................................................................................................... 929
38.5. Summary Reports ....................................................................................................................... 930
38.6. Point Reports .............................................................................................................................. 936
38.7. Full Reports ................................................................................................................................. 939
38.8. Network Block Values Report ....................................................................................................... 941
38.9. EM Heat Losses Report ................................................................................................................ 942
38.10. Fan Operating Points Report ...................................................................................................... 942
39. Variables for Postprocessing and Reporting .................................................................................... 943
39.1. General Information about Variables ............................................................................................ 943
39.2. Definitions of Variables ................................................................................................................ 943
39.2.1.Velocity-Related Quantities ................................................................................................. 944
39.2.2. Pressure-Related Quantities ................................................................................................ 944
39.2.3. Temperature-Related Quantities ......................................................................................... 944
39.2.4. Radiation-Related Quantities .............................................................................................. 946
39.2.5. Species-Transport-Related Quantities ................................................................................. 946
39.2.6. Position-Related Quantities ................................................................................................ 946
39.2.7.Turbulence-Related Quantities ............................................................................................ 946
39.2.8. Thermal Conductivity-Related Quantities ............................................................................ 947
39.2.9. Joule Heating-Related Quantities ........................................................................................ 947
40. Theory ............................................................................................................................................... 949
40.1. Governing Equations ................................................................................................................... 949
40.1.1. The Mass Conservation Equation ........................................................................................ 949
40.1.2. Momentum Equations ........................................................................................................ 949
40.1.3. Energy Conservation Equation ............................................................................................ 950
40.2. Species Transport Equations ........................................................................................................ 950
40.3.Turbulence .................................................................................................................................. 951
xvii
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of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
User's Guide
40.3.1. Zero-Equation Turbulence Model ........................................................................................ 951
40.3.2. Advanced Turbulence Models ............................................................................................. 952
40.4. Buoyancy-Driven Flows and Natural Convection .......................................................................... 967
40.4.1.The Boussinesq Model ........................................................................................................ 968
40.4.2. Incompressible Ideal Gas Law ............................................................................................. 968
40.5. Radiation .................................................................................................................................... 968
40.5.1. Overview ........................................................................................................................... 969
40.5.2. Gray-Diffuse Radiation ........................................................................................................ 969
40.5.3. The Surface-to-Surface Radiation Model ............................................................................. 969
40.5.4.The Discrete Ordinates (DO) Radiation Model ...................................................................... 970
40.5.5.The Ray Tracing Radiation Model ......................................................................................... 974
40.6. Optimization ............................................................................................................................... 975
40.6.1.The Dynamic-Q Optimization method ................................................................................. 975
40.6.2.The Dynamic-Trajectory (Leap-Frog) Optimization Method for Solving the Subproblems ..... 977
40.7. Solution Procedures .................................................................................................................... 979
40.7.1. Overview of Numerical Scheme .......................................................................................... 979
40.7.2. Spatial Discretization .......................................................................................................... 981
40.7.2.1. Pseudo Transient Under-Relaxation ............................................................................ 987
40.7.3.Time Discretization ............................................................................................................. 988
40.7.4. Multigrid Method ............................................................................................................... 988
40.7.5. Solution Residuals .............................................................................................................. 996
40.8. Krylov ROM Theory ..................................................................................................................... 997
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................. 999
Index ...................................................................................................................................................... 1001
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of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.xviii
User's Guide
Chapter 1: Using This Manual
This chapter contains the following sections:
1.1.What’s In This Manual
1.2. How To Use This Manual
1.3.Typographical Conventions Used In This Manual
1.4. Mathematical Conventions
1.5. Mouse and Keyboard Conventions Used In This Manual
1.6.When To Call Your ANSYS Icepak Support Engineer
1.1.What’s In This Manual
This manual tells you what you need to know to use ANSYS Icepak. Introductory information about
ANSYS Icepak is given, as well as a sample session, and information about the user interface. The next
sections explain how to use ANSYS Icepak and each specific topic or problem setup step is presented
in a procedural manner. Lastly, information about the theory behind ANSYS Icepak’s physical models
and numerical procedures is presented.
A brief description of each chapter follows:
• Getting Started (p. 7) describes the capabilities of ANSYS Icepak, gives an overview of the problem setup
steps, and presents a sample session that you can work through at your own pace.
• User Interface (p. 53) describes the mechanics of using the user interface.
• ANSYS Icepak in Workbench (p. 133) describes the mechanics of using ANSYS Icepak in the Workbench
framework.
• Reading,Writing, and Managing Files (p. 139) contains information about the files that ANSYS Icepak can
read and write, including hard copy files.
• Importing and Exporting Model Files (p. 155) provides information on importing IGES files, IDF files, and
other files created by commercial CAD packages into ANSYS Icepak.
• Unit Systems (p. 229) describes how to use the standard and custom unit systems available in ANSYS Icepak.
• Defining a Project (p. 237) describes how to define a job for your ANSYS Icepak model.
• Building a Model (p. 285) contains information about how to set up your model in ANSYS Icepak.
• Networks (p. 379) contains information about network objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak
model.
• Heat Exchangers (p. 391) contains information about heat exchanger objects and how to add them to your
ANSYS Icepak model.
• Openings (p. 397) contains information about opening objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak
model.
1
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of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
• Grilles (p. 411) contains information about grille objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak model.
• Sources (p. 425) contains information about source objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak
model.
• Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) (p. 437) contains information about PCB objects and how to add them to your
ANSYS Icepak model.
• Enclosures (p. 451) contains information about enclosure objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak
model.
• Plates (p. 455) contains information about plate objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak model.
• Walls (p. 469) contains information about wall objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak model.
• Periodic Boundaries (p. 489) contains information about periodic boundary objects and how to add them to
your ANSYS Icepak model.
• Blocks (p. 495) contains information about block objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak model.
• Fans (p. 529) contains information about fan objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak model.
• Blowers (p. 549) contains information about blower objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak
model.
• Resistances (p. 559) contains information about volumetric resistance objects and how to add them to your
ANSYS Icepak model.
• Heat Sinks (p. 565) contains information about heat sink objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak
model.
• Packages (p. 583) contains information about package objects and how to add them to your ANSYS Icepak
model.
• Transient Simulations (p. 627) contains information about solving problems involving time-dependent phe-
nomena, including transient heat conduction and convection.
• Species Transport Modeling (p. 651) explains how to include species in your ANSYS Icepak model.
• Radiation Modeling (p. 663) explains how to include radiative heat transfer in your ANSYS Icepak simulation.
• Optimization (p. 677) contains information about solving design-optimization problems using ANSYS Icepak.
• Parameterizing the Model (p. 685) describes how to use parameterization to determine the effect of various
object sizes or other characteristics on the solution.
• Using Macros (p. 717) describes the predefined combinations of ANSYS Icepak objects designed to fulfill
specific functions in the model, and how you can use them.
• Power and Temperature Limit Setup (p. 763) contains information about setting up and reviewing the power
of objects and temperature limits, as well as comparing the temperature limits with the object temperatures.
• Generating a Mesh (p. 767) explains how to create a computational mesh for your ANSYS Icepak model.
• Calculating a Solution (p. 819) describes how to compute a solution for your ANSYS Icepak model.
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Using This Manual
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