Oracle XML DB Developer's Guide

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Oracle® XML DB

Developer's Guide

10g Release 2 (10.2)

B14259-02

August 2005

This manual describes Oracle XML DB. It includes guidelines

and examples for loading, storing, generating, manipulating,

managing, accessing, and querying XML data in Oracle

Database.

Oracle XML DB Developer’s Guide, 10g Release 2 (10.2)

B14259-02

Primary Author: Drew Adams

Contributing Author: Nipun Agarwal, Abhay Agrawal, Omar Alonso, David Anniss, Sandeepan Banerjee,

Mark Bauer, Ravinder Booreddy, Stephen Buxton, Yuen Chan, Sivasankaran Chandrasekar, Vincent Chao,

Ravindranath Chennoju, Dan Chiba, Mark Drake, Fei Ge, Wenyun He, Shelley Higgins, Thuvan Hoang, Sam

Idicula, Namit Jain, Neema Jalali, Bhushan Khaladkar, Viswanathan Krishnamurthy, Muralidhar

Krishnaprasad, Geoff Lee, Wesley Lin, Annie Liu, Anand Manikutty, Jack Melnick, Nicolas Montoya, Steve

Muench, Ravi Murthy, Eric Paapanen, Syam Pannala, John Russell, Eric Sedlar, Vipul Shah, Cathy Shea,

Asha Tarachandani, Tarvinder Singh, Simon Slack, Muralidhar Subramanian, Asha Tarachandani, Priya

Vennapusa, James Warner

Contributor: Reema Al-Shaikh, Harish Akali, Vikas Arora, Deanna Bradshaw, Paul Brandenstein, Lisa

Eldridge, Craig Foch, Wei Hu, Reema Koo, Susan Kotsovolos, Sonia Kumar, Roza Leyderman, Zhen Hua

Liu, Diana Lorentz, Yasuhiro Matsuda, Valarie Moore, Bhagat Nainani, Visar Nimani, Sunitha Patel, Denis

Raphaely, Rebecca Reitmeyer, Ronen Wolf

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iii

Contents

Preface ........................................................................................................................................................... xxxv

Audience................................................................................................................................................. xxxv

Documentation Accessibility............................................................................................................... xxxv

Structure ................................................................................................................................................. xxxvi

Related Documents ..................................................................................................................................... xl

Conventions ............................................................................................................................................... xlii

What's New In Oracle XML DB? ......................................................................................................... xlv

Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2) New Features in Oracle XML DB........................................... xlv

Oracle Database 10g Release 1 (10.1) New Features in Oracle XML DB......................................... xlvii

Oracle Text Enhancements.................................................................................................................... xlviii

Oracle Streams Advanced Queuing (AQ) Support........................................................................... xlviii

Oracle XDK Support for XMLType ..................................................................................................... xlviii

Part I Oracle XML DB Basics

1 Introduction to Oracle XML DB

Features of Oracle XML DB.................................................................................................................... 1-1

Oracle XML DB Architecture ................................................................................................................. 1-2

XMLType Storage .............................................................................................................................. 1-4

APIs for XML...................................................................................................................................... 1-5

XML Schema Catalog Views ............................................................................................................ 1-6

Views RESOURCE_VIEW and PATH_VIEW................................................................................ 1-7

Overview of Oracle XML DB Repository ....................................................................................... 1-7

Accessing and Manipulating XML in the Oracle XML DB Repository .............................. 1-7

XML Services ............................................................................................................................... 1-8

Oracle XML DB Repository Architecture................................................................................ 1-8

How Does Oracle XML DB Repository Work?....................................................................... 1-9

Oracle XML DB Protocol Architecture ................................................................................. 1-10

Programmatic Access to Oracle XML DB (Java, PL/SQL, and C)........................................... 1-11

Oracle XML DB Features ..................................................................................................................... 1-11

XMLType Datatype......................................................................................................................... 1-12

XML Schema Support..................................................................................................................... 1-13

Structured Versus Unstructured Storage .................................................................................... 1-15

XML/SQL Duality .......................................................................................................................... 1-16

SQL/XML INCITS Standard SQL Functions.............................................................................. 1-17

Rewriting of XPath Expressions: XPath Rewrite........................................................................ 1-18

Oracle XML DB Benefits...................................................................................................................... 1-19

Unifying Data and Content with Oracle XML DB ..................................................................... 1-20

Exploiting Database Capabilities........................................................................................... 1-21

Exploiting XML Capabilities .................................................................................................. 1-22

Oracle XML DB Offers Faster Storage and Retrieval of Complex XML Documents............ 1-23

Oracle XML DB Helps You Integrate Applications ................................................................... 1-23

When Your Data Is Not XML You Can Use XMLType Views................................................. 1-23

Searching XML Data Stored in CLOBs Using Oracle Text............................................................ 1-24

Building Messaging Applications using Oracle Streams Advanced Queuing......................... 1-24

Requirements for Running Oracle XML DB ................................................................................... 1-24

Standards Supported by Oracle XML DB ........................................................................................ 1-25

Oracle XML DB Technical Support.................................................................................................... 1-25

Oracle XML DB Examples Used in This Manual............................................................................ 1-26

Further Oracle XML DB Case Studies and Demonstrations......................................................... 1-26

2 Getting Started with Oracle XML DB

Oracle XML DB Installation................................................................................................................... 2-1

When to Use Oracle XML DB ................................................................................................................ 2-1

Designing Your XML Application ........................................................................................................ 2-2

Oracle XML DB Design Issues: Introduction ..................................................................................... 2-2

A. Data ................................................................................................................................................. 2-2

B. Access .............................................................................................................................................. 2-3

C. Application Language .................................................................................................................. 2-3

D. Processing....................................................................................................................................... 2-3

E. Storage............................................................................................................................................. 2-3

Oracle XML DB Application Design: A. How Structured Is Your Data? ...................................... 2-4

XML Schema-Based or Non-Schema-Based................................................................................... 2-4

Oracle XML DB Application Design: B. Access Models .................................................................. 2-5

Oracle XML DB Application Design: C. Application Language .................................................... 2-6

Oracle XML DB Application Design: D. Processing Models .......................................................... 2-6

Messaging Options ............................................................................................................................ 2-7

Oracle XML DB Application Design: F. Storage Models.................................................................. 2-8

Using XMLType Tables..................................................................................................................... 2-8

Using XMLType Views ..................................................................................................................... 2-9

Oracle XML DB Performance................................................................................................................. 2-9

XML Storage Requirements........................................................................................................... 2-10

XML Memory Management .......................................................................................................... 2-10

XML Parsing Optimizations.......................................................................................................... 2-11

Node-Searching Optimizations..................................................................................................... 2-11

XML Schema Optimizations.......................................................................................................... 2-11

Load Balancing Through Cached XML Schema......................................................................... 2-12

Reduced Bottlenecks From Code That Is Not Native................................................................ 2-12

Reduced Java Type Conversion Bottlenecks............................................................................... 2-12

3 Using Oracle XML DB

Storing XML as XMLType....................................................................................................................... 3-2

What is XMLType?............................................................................................................................. 3-2

Benefits of the XMLType Datatype and API.................................................................................. 3-3

When to Use XMLType..................................................................................................................... 3-3

Two Ways to Store XMLType Data: LOBs and Structured.......................................................... 3-3

Advantages and Disadvantages of XML Storage Options in Oracle XML DB......................... 3-4

When to Use CLOB Storage for XMLType .................................................................................... 3-4

Creating XMLType Tables and Columns............................................................................................. 3-4

Loading XML Content into Oracle XML DB....................................................................................... 3-5

Loading XML Content Using SQL or PL/SQL.............................................................................. 3-5

Loading XML Content Using Java................................................................................................... 3-6

Loading XML Content Using C ....................................................................................................... 3-6

Loading Large XML Files That Contain Small XML Documents ............................................... 3-8

Loading Large XML Files Using SQL*Loader ............................................................................... 3-9

Loading XML Documents into the Repository Using DBMS_XDB............................................ 3-9

Loading Documents into the Repository Using Protocols........................................................... 3-9

Character Sets of XML Documents.................................................................................................... 3-10

XML Encoding Declaration ........................................................................................................... 3-10

Character-Set Determination When Loading XML Documents into the Database............... 3-11

Character-Set Determination When Retrieving XML Documents from the Database ......... 3-12

Overview of the W3C XML Schema Recommendation................................................................. 3-13

XML Instance Documents.............................................................................................................. 3-13

XML Schema for Schemas.............................................................................................................. 3-13

Editing XML Schemas .................................................................................................................... 3-13

XML Schema Features.................................................................................................................... 3-13

Text Representation of the PurchaseOrder XML Schema.................................................. 3-13

Graphical Representation of the Purchase-Order XML Schema....................................... 3-16

Using XML Schema with Oracle XML DB ....................................................................................... 3-17

Why Use XML Schema With Oracle XML DB? .......................................................................... 3-17

Validating Instance Documents with XML Schema........................................................... 3-18

Constraining Instance Documents for Business Rules or Format Compliance .............. 3-18

Defining How XMLType Contents Must be Stored in the Database ............................... 3-18

Structured Storage of XML Documents....................................................................................... 3-18

Annotating an XML Schema to Control Naming, Mapping, and Storage ............................. 3-19

Controlling How XML Collections are Stored in the Database ............................................... 3-19

Collections: Default Mapping ................................................................................................ 3-19

Declaring the Oracle XML DB Namespace ................................................................................. 3-19

Registering an XML Schema with Oracle XML DB ................................................................... 3-23

SQL Types and Tables Created During XML Schema Registration................................. 3-24

Working with Large XML Schemas ...................................................................................... 3-25

Working with Global Elements.............................................................................................. 3-26

Creating XML Schema-Based XMLType Columns and Tables................................................ 3-27

Default Tables.................................................................................................................................. 3-28

Identifying XML Schema Instance Documents .............................................................................. 3-28

Attributes noNamespaceSchemaLocation and schemaLocation ............................................ 3-29

Dealing with Multiple Namespaces............................................................................................. 3-30

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