经典Linux系统裁剪指南_linux裁剪,linux裁剪书籍

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《

Linux

系统裁减指南

(LiPS)

》

...............................................................................................................................................................................1

引言

...............................................................................................................................................................................4

1.1

编写目的

..........................................................................................................................................................4

1.2

背景

..................................................................................................................................................................4

1.3

定义

..................................................................................................................................................................4

1.4

参考资料

..........................................................................................................................................................4

总体描述

......................................................................................................................................................................5

2.1

硬件环境

..........................................................................................................................................................5

2.2

软件环境

..........................................................................................................................................................6

2.3

需求规定和约束

.............................................................................................................................................6

总体设计

......................................................................................................................................................................6

3.1

基本设计概念

.................................................................................................................................................6

3.2

软件结构

..........................................................................................................................................................6

内核

...............................................................................................................................................................................7

4.1

创建内核的方法

.............................................................................................................................................7

4.2

内核配置

..........................................................................................................................................................7

4.2.1

概述

......................................................................................................................................................7

4.2.2 Loadable module support....................................................................................................................8

4.2.3 Processor type and features.................................................................................................................9

4.2.4 General setup.......................................................................................................................................9

4.2.5 Plug and Play configuration..............................................................................................................10

4.2.6 Block devices.....................................................................................................................................10

4.2.7 Multi-device support (RAID and LVM)...........................................................................................11

4.2.8 Networking options...........................................................................................................................11

4.2.9 ATA/IDE/MFM/RLL support............................................................................................................12

4.2.10 SCSI support....................................................................................................................................13

4.2.11 Network device support...................................................................................................................13

4.2.12 Character devices.............................................................................................................................14

4.2.13 File systems......................................................................................................................................15

4.2.14 Console drivers................................................................................................................................16

4.2.15 USB support.....................................................................................................................................16

4.3

提示

................................................................................................................................................................17

4.3.1 EXTRAVERSION.............................................................................................................................17

4.3.2 .config................................................................................................................................................18

根文件系统

................................................................................................................................................................18

5.1

根文件系统

....................................................................................................................................................18

5.2

文件系统的内容

...........................................................................................................................................19

5.2.1

应用程序（

applications

）

...............................................................................................................19

5.2.2

设备文件（

device files

）

................................................................................................................19

5.2.3

脚本和配置文件（

scripts and configuration files

）

.....................................................................20

5.2.4

库文件（

libraries

）

..........................................................................................................................21

5.2.5

必要的目录

.......................................................................................................................................22

5.3

初始化

RAM

盘（

initrd

）

............................................................................................................................22

5.3.1

操作步骤

...........................................................................................................................................22

5.3.2

引导选项

...........................................................................................................................................23

5.3.3

安装

....................................................................................................................................................23

5.3.4

改变根目录设备

...............................................................................................................................24

5.3.5

使用场合

...........................................................................................................................................25

5.3.6

淘汰的根转换机制（

change_root

）

..............................................................................................26

5.4

系统初始化（

init

）

......................................................................................................................................26

5.4.1 init

的任务

.........................................................................................................................................26

5.4.2 SysVinit..............................................................................................................................................26

5.4.3

两种风格：

Slackware vs. Debian...................................................................................................27

5.5 PAM................................................................................................................................................................27

5.5.1

什么是

PAM......................................................................................................................................27

5.5.2 PAM

的结构

......................................................................................................................................28

5.5.3

配置文件

...........................................................................................................................................28

5.5.4 other...................................................................................................................................................28

5.6

再论

initrd......................................................................................................................................................29

5.6.1

根到底在哪里

...................................................................................................................................30

5.6.2 linuxrc................................................................................................................................................30

5.6.3

根转换机制：新的？旧的？

..........................................................................................................32

5.7

提示

................................................................................................................................................................34

5.7.1

文件系统目录层次结构

..................................................................................................................34

5.7.2 mklips.sh

（制作

LiPS

的脚本）

.....................................................................................................34

5.7.3 lips.conf

（

LiPS

配置文件）

............................................................................................................34

5.7.4 cp –dpR..............................................................................................................................................34

5.7.5

如何判断一个程序依赖哪些文件

.................................................................................................35

5.7.6

——带库文件复制

lcp()...................................................................................................................35

5.7.7

库文件的命名

...................................................................................................................................36

引导

.............................................................................................................................................................................37

6.1

引导过程概述

...............................................................................................................................................37

6.2

几种引导方式

...............................................................................................................................................37

6.3 grub

引导器

....................................................................................................................................................37

6.4 USB

引导

.......................................................................................................................................................38

6.4.1

制作步骤

...........................................................................................................................................38

6.4.1.1

创建文件系统

......................................................................................................................38

6.4.1.2

复制文件

...............................................................................................................................39

6.4.1.3

安装

grub...............................................................................................................................39

6.5

提示

................................................................................................................................................................39