没有合适的资源?快使用搜索试试~ 我知道了~
首页AES标准文档fips-197.pdf
资源详情
资源推荐
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/4841576/bg1.jpg)
Federal Information
Processing Standards Publication 197
November 26, 2001
Announcing the
ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDARD (AES)
Federal Information Processing Standards Publications (FIPS PUBS) are issued by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) after approval by the Secretary of Commerce
pursuant to Section 5131 of the Information Technology Management Reform Act of 1996
(Public Law 104-106) and the Computer Security Act of 1987 (Public Law 100-235).
1. Name of Standard. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) (FIPS PUB 197).
2. Category of Standard. Computer Security Standard, Cryptography.
3. Explanation. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) specifies a FIPS-approved
cryptographic algorithm that can be used to protect electronic data. The AES algorithm is a
symmetric block cipher that can encrypt (encipher) and decrypt (decipher) information.
Encryption converts data to an unintelligible form called ciphertext; decrypting the ciphertext
converts the data back into its original form, called plaintext.
The AES algorithm is capable of using cryptographic keys of 128, 192, and 256 bits to encrypt
and decrypt data in blocks of 128 bits.
4. Approving Authority. Secretary of Commerce.
5. Maintenance Agency. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
Technology, Information Technology Laboratory (ITL).
6. Applicability. This standard may be used by Federal departments and agencies when an
agency determines that sensitive (unclassified) information (as defined in P. L. 100-235) requires
cryptographic protection.
Other FIPS-approved cryptographic algorithms may be used in addition to, or in lieu of, this
standard. Federal agencies or departments that use cryptographic devices for protecting classified
information can use those devices for protecting sensitive (unclassified) information in lieu of
this standard.
In addition, this standard may be adopted and used by non-Federal Government organizations.
Such use is encouraged when it provides the desired security for commercial and private
organizations.
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/4841576/bg2.jpg)
7. Specifications. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 197, Advanced
Encryption Standard (AES) (affixed).
8. Implementations. The algorithm specified in this standard may be implemented in
software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof. The specific implementation may
depend on several factors such as the application, the environment, the technology used, etc. The
algorithm shall be used in conjunction with a FIPS approved or NIST recommended mode of
operation. Object Identifiers (OIDs) and any associated parameters for AES used in these modes
are available at the Computer Security Objects Register (CSOR), located at
http://csrc.nist.gov/csor/ [2].
Implementations of the algorithm that are tested by an accredited laboratory and validated will be
considered as complying with this standard. Since cryptographic security depends on many
factors besides the correct implementation of an encryption algorithm, Federal Government
employees, and others, should also refer to NIST Special Publication 800-21, Guideline for
Implementing Cryptography in the Federal Government, for additional information and guidance
(NIST SP 800-21 is available at http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/).
9. Implementation Schedule. This standard becomes effective on May 26, 2002.
10. Patents. Implementations of the algorithm specified in this standard may be covered by
U.S. and foreign patents.
11. Export Control. Certain cryptographic devices and technical data regarding them are
subject to Federal export controls. Exports of cryptographic modules implementing this standard
and technical data regarding them must comply with these Federal regulations and be licensed by
the Bureau of Export Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce. Applicable Federal
government export controls are specified in Title 15, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part
740.17; Title 15, CFR Part 742; and Title 15, CFR Part 774, Category 5, Part 2.
12. Qualifications. NIST will continue to follow developments in the analysis of the AES
algorithm. As with its other cryptographic algorithm standards, NIST will formally reevaluate
this standard every five years.
Both this standard and possible threats reducing the security provided through the use of this
standard will undergo review by NIST as appropriate, taking into account newly available
analysis and technology. In addition, the awareness of any breakthrough in technology or any
mathematical weakness of the algorithm will cause NIST to reevaluate this standard and provide
necessary revisions.
13. Waiver Procedure. Under certain exceptional circumstances, the heads of Federal
agencies, or their delegates, may approve waivers to Federal Information Processing Standards
(FIPS). The heads of such agencies may redelegate such authority only to a senior official
designated pursuant to Section 3506(b) of Title 44, U.S. Code. Waivers shall be granted only
when compliance with this standard would
a. adversely affect the accomplishment of the mission of an operator of Federal computer
system or
b. cause a major adverse financial impact on the operator that is not offset by government-
wide savings.
ii
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/4841576/bg3.jpg)
Agency heads may act upon a written waiver request containing the information detailed above.
Agency heads may also act without a written waiver request when they determine that conditions
for meeting the standard cannot be met. Agency heads may approve waivers only by a written
decision that explains the basis on which the agency head made the required finding(s). A copy
of each such decision, with procurement sensitive or classified portions clearly identified, shall
be sent to: National Institute of Standards and Technology; ATTN: FIPS Waiver Decision,
Information Technology Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8900, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-
8900.
In addition, notice of each waiver granted and each delegation of authority to approve waivers
shall be sent promptly to the Committee on Government Operations of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Government Affairs of the Senate and shall be published
promptly in the Federal Register.
When the determination on a waiver applies to the procurement of equipment and/or services, a
notice of the waiver determination must be published in the Commerce Business Daily as a part
of the notice of solicitation for offers of an acquisition or, if the waiver determination is made
after that notice is published, by amendment to such notice.
A copy of the waiver, any supporting documents, the document approving the waiver and any
supporting and accompanying documents, with such deletions as the agency is authorized and
decides to make under Section 552(b) of Title 5, U.S. Code, shall be part of the procurement
documentation and retained by the agency.
14. Where to obtain copies. This publication is available electronically by accessing
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/. A list of other available computer security publications,
including ordering information, can be obtained from NIST Publications List 91, which is
available at the same web site. Alternatively, copies of NIST computer security publications are
available from: National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road,
Springfield, VA 22161.
iii
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/4841576/bg5.jpg)
Federal Information
Processing Standards Publication 197
November 26, 2001
Specification for the
ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDARD (AES)
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................. 5
2. DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1 G
LOSSARY OF TERMS AND ACRONYMS........................................................................................................... 5
2.2 A
LGORITHM PARAMETERS, SYMBOLS, AND FUNCTIONS................................................................................. 6
3. NOTATION AND CONVENTIONS............................................................................................................... 7
3.1 I
NPUTS AND OUTPUTS ..................................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 B
YTES ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
3.3 A
RRAYS OF BYTES .......................................................................................................................................... 8
3.4 T
HE STATE ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
3.5 T
HE STATE AS AN ARRAY OF COLUMNS........................................................................................................ 10
4. MATHEMATICAL PRELIMINARIES ....................................................................................................... 10
4.1 A
DDITION...................................................................................................................................................... 10
4.2 M
ULTIPLICATION .......................................................................................................................................... 10
4.2.1 Multiplication by x .............................................................................................................................. 11
4.3 P
OLYNOMIALS WITH COEFFICIENTS IN GF(2
8
) .............................................................................................. 12
5. ALGORITHM SPECIFICATION................................................................................................................. 13
5.1 C
IPHER.......................................................................................................................................................... 14
5.1.1 SubBytes()Transformation............................................................................................................ 15
5.1.2 ShiftRows() Transformation ........................................................................................................ 17
5.1.3 MixColumns() Transformation...................................................................................................... 17
5.1.4 AddRoundKey() Transformation .................................................................................................. 18
5.2 K
EY EXPANSION ........................................................................................................................................... 19
5.3 I
NVERSE CIPHER............................................................................................................................................ 20
剩余50页未读,继续阅读
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://csdnimg.cn/download_wenku/file_type_ask_c1.png)
![](https://profile-avatar.csdnimg.cn/8aeaf896e0924b9ea6fedcbae1034276_caizi001.jpg!1)
wxmxl
- 粉丝: 33
- 资源: 24
上传资源 快速赚钱
我的内容管理 收起
我的资源 快来上传第一个资源
我的收益
登录查看自己的收益我的积分 登录查看自己的积分
我的C币 登录后查看C币余额
我的收藏
我的下载
下载帮助
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/wenkucmsfe/public/img/voice.245cc511.png)
会员权益专享
最新资源
- 电力电子系统建模与控制入门
- SQL数据库基础入门:发展历程与关键概念
- DC/DC变换器动态建模与控制方法解析
- 市***专有云IaaS服务:云主机与数据库解决方案
- 紫鸟数据魔方:跨境电商选品神器,助力爆款打造
- 电力电子技术:DC-DC变换器动态模型与控制
- 视觉与实用并重:跨境电商产品开发的六重价值策略
- VB.NET三层架构下的数据库应用程序开发
- 跨境电商产品开发:关键词策略与用户痛点挖掘
- VC-MFC数据库编程技巧与实现
- 亚马逊新品开发策略:选品与市场研究
- 数据库基础知识:从数据到Visual FoxPro应用
- 计算机专业实习经验与项目总结
- Sparkle家族轻量级加密与哈希:提升IoT设备数据安全性
- SQL数据库期末考试精选题与答案解析
- H3C规模数据融合:技术探讨与应用案例解析
资源上传下载、课程学习等过程中有任何疑问或建议,欢迎提出宝贵意见哦~我们会及时处理!
点击此处反馈
![](https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20220527035711.png)
![](https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20220527035711.png)
![](https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20220527035111.png)
安全验证
文档复制为VIP权益,开通VIP直接复制
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/wenkucmsfe/public/img/green-success.6a4acb44.png)