2.4GHz CMOS 上变频电流模式混频器：低功耗高性能设计

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"一种新型2.4GHz CMOS上变频电流模式混频器" 本文介绍了一种基于0.18微米RFCMOS工艺的低功耗上变频电流模式混频器，专为2.4 GHz频段的发射器前端设计。这种混频器的独特之处在于它能够将10 MHz的中频(IF)信号转换为2.4 GHz的射频(RF)信号，同时利用一个在2.39 GHz时功率为2 dBm的本地振荡器。与传统的电压模式上变频混频器相比，该电流模式混频器具有低电压、低功耗以及高性能的特点。仿真结果显示，在2.4 GHz工作频率下，该混频器能提供6.5 dB的转换增益，其输入参考的三阶交调点(IIP3)达到了15.3 dBm。值得注意的是，这些优秀的性能指标是在只消耗1.2V电源电压下的5.7 mA电流的情况下实现的。这表明了该设计在保持高效能的同时，实现了显著的功耗优化。混频器的芯片面积非常紧凑，仅为0.7毫米乘以0.8毫米，这使得它在空间受限的应用中更具吸引力。关键词包括电流模式混频器、上变频混频器、CMOS、高线性和低功耗，这些都是设计的关键特性。这种新型混频器的设计和实现，对于无线通信系统，特别是2.4 GHz频段的无线局域网（如Wi-Fi）和其他短距离通信标准，具有重要意义。低功耗特性使得它适用于电池供电的移动设备，而高线性则保证了信号质量，降低了多载波环境下的干扰。电流模式架构提供了优于传统电压模式混频器的噪声性能和线性度，同时降低了对电源电压的需求，进一步降低了整体系统的复杂性和成本。这种新型2.4 GHz CMOS上变频电流模式混频器通过创新的电路设计，成功地实现了高性能和低功耗的平衡，为无线通信领域的集成射频前端解决方案开辟了新的可能性。它的出色性能和小型化设计使其成为未来无线通信设备中极具潜力的组件。

532 QUIZHEN WAN, CHUNHUA WANG, MINGLIN MA, A NOVEL 2.4GHZ CMOS UP-CONVERSION CURRENT-MODE MIXER

A Novel 2.4GHz CMOS Up-Conversion

Current-Mode Mixer

Qiuzhen WAN, Chunhua WANG, Minglin MA

School of Computer and Communication, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, P.R.China

wanqiuzhen@yahoo.com.cn, wch1227164@sina.com

Abstract. In this paper, a low-power up-conversion

current-mode mixer, designed in the chartered 0.18-μm

RFCMOS technology, is proposed to realize the transmit-

ter front-end in the frequency band of 2.4 GHz. The pro-

posed mixer can convert a 10 MHz intermediate frequency

(IF) signal to a 2.4 GHz RF signal, with a local oscillator

power of 2 dBm at 2.39 GHz. A comparison with conven-

tional voltage-mode up-conversion mixer shows that this

mixer has advantages of low voltage, low power consump-

tion and high performance. Simulation results demonstrate

that at 2.4 GHz, the circuit provides 6.5 dB of conversion

gain and the input-referred third-order intercept point

(IIP3) of 15.3 dBm, while drawing only 5.7 mA from

a 1.2V supply voltage. The chip area is only 0.7 mm ×

0.8 mm.

Keywords

Current-mode mixer, up-conversion mixer, CMOS,

high linearity, low power.

1. Introduction

Recently, the growing demand for RF and wireless

applications has attracted a great deal of researches on

designing high performance and low cost RF integrated

circuits and systems with the advanced CMOS technolo-

gies. In the RF transmitter front-end, one of the indispensa-

ble analog blocks is the up-conversion mixer. The purpose

of an up-conversion mixer is to convert the incoming inter-

mediate frequency (IF) signal to a radio frequency compo-

nent for reliable transmission.

The structure of up-conversion mixer has been

reported in many CMOS designs. Passive up-conversion

mixers have the advantage of better linearity, but they have

conversion loss and require large LO, which will increase

power dissipation. To generate large LO signals for passive

mixers in low supply voltage is difficult [1, 2]. Voltage-

mode up-conversion Gilbert mixers based on the method of

current commutating have often been selected. Although

Gilbert mixers have larger conversion gains and little noise

figure, they require higher voltage headroom and larger

power. This makes them difficult to work in low supply

voltage and low power [3-6].

Unlike voltage-mode circuits, where the commonly

available voltage headroom is limited by the supply

voltage, current-mode circuits have low impedance at inter-

nal nodes and signal information is carried by the time

varying currents. Thus, the voltage at each node can be

small, resulting in higher linearity and lower power per-

formance. It is well known that in the design of mixers,

linearity and power dissipation are the key performance

parameters. Thus, a current-mode technique can be used to

improve the linearity of a mixer operating with a low sup-

ply voltage and a low power [7-9]. Current-mode mixer

circuits therefore have great potential in the design of RF

integrated circuits in advanced nanometer CMOS

technologies.

In this paper, a novel 2.4 GHz up-conversion current-

mode mixer in 0.18-μm RFCMOS technology is proposed.

In the proposed current-mode mixer, both input and output

ports are current signals produced by current-squaring

circuits and current mirrors. Compared to the previously

published CMOS voltage-mode up-conversion mixers

operating at the similar frequency ranges [4-6] and to other

current-mode mixers [7, 8], the proposed up-conversion

current-mode mixer has the advantages of larger conver-

sion gain with 6.5 dB, much higher linearity and smaller

power consumption, and it operates at lower voltage supply

of 1.2 V.

The contents of this paper are as follows. In Sec.2, the

operational principle and circuit realizations are presented.

The results of post-layout simulation are reported in Sec.3

to verify the performances of the proposed up-conversion

current-mode mixer. Finally, the conclusions of this work

are given in Sec.4.

2. Operational Principle and Circuit

Implementation

Based on Gilbert cell, a double balanced CMOS up-

conversion current-mode mixer was designed. Compared

to the traditional published works, the mixer improves the

linearity significantly with input current-squaring circuit

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