《iOS编程：大牛牧场指南》第四版 - 开发者必备

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"ios programming- the big nerd ranch guide 4ed" 《iOS Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide》是第四版的iOS开发权威教程，由Christian Keur、Aaron Hillegass和Joe Conway共同撰写，旨在为开发者提供深入浅出的iOS应用开发知识。这本书在iOS开发领域享有高度评价，被誉为必读教程，受到了读者的高度推荐。本书主要基于Objective-C编程语言，这是苹果生态系统中用于构建iOS和macOS应用程序的主要语言。Objective-C是C语言的超集，添加了面向对象的特性，如消息传递和类别，使得它特别适合于创建动态和交互性强的应用程序。书中涵盖了iOS开发的核心概念，包括UIKit框架的使用，该框架提供了创建用户界面和管理应用程序生命周期的基本元素。此外，读者还将学习如何使用Xcode IDE（集成开发环境）进行项目设置，编写代码，调试应用，并进行性能优化。书中还会详细介绍模型-视图-控制器（MVC）设计模式，这是iOS开发中的基础架构模式。本书深入讲解了iOS中的多任务处理、内存管理，特别是ARC（Automatic Reference Counting）机制，以及如何有效地使用GCD（Grand Central Dispatch）来处理并发和线程。此外，还涵盖了Core Data，这是一个强大的数据持久化框架，用于存储和检索应用程序的数据。在图形和动画方面，读者将学习到如何使用Core Animation和Quartz 2D来创建动态效果和自定义视图。此外，书中还涵盖了网络编程，包括使用URLSession进行HTTP请求，以及JSON和XML数据解析。对于游戏开发爱好者，书中可能还介绍了SpriteKit和SceneKit，这两个是iOS平台上的游戏开发框架。同时，iOS设备的硬件特性，如GPS、加速度计和陀螺仪等，也会被讨论，如何利用这些硬件实现位置感知和运动控制等功能。最后，这本书也会涉及测试和发布应用的流程，包括使用Xcode的内置测试工具进行单元测试和UI测试，以及如何通过App Store Connect提交应用进行审核和发布。《iOS Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide》第四版是一本全面、实用且深入的教程，无论你是初学者还是有经验的开发者，都能从中获益匪浅，提升你的iOS开发技能。

Our Teaching Philosophy

This book will teach you the essential concepts of iOS programming. At the same time, you will type

in a lot of code and build a bunch of applications. By the end of the book, you will have knowledge

and experience. However, all the knowledge should not (and, in this book, will not) come first. That

is sort of the traditional way we have all come to know and hate. Instead, we take a learn-while-

doing approach. Development concepts and actual coding go together.

Here is what we have learned over the years of teaching iOS programming:

We have learned what ideas people must grasp to get started programming, and we focus on that

subset.

We have learned that people learn best when these concepts are introduced as they are needed.

We have learned that programming knowledge and experience grow best when they grow

together.

We have learned that “going through the motions” is much more important than it sounds. Many

times we will ask you to start typing in code before you understand it. We realize that you may

feel like a trained monkey typing in a bunch of code that you do not fully grasp. But the best way

to learn coding is to find and fix your typos. Far from being a drag, this basic debugging is where

you really learn the ins and outs of the code. That is why we encourage you to type in the code

yourself. You could just download it, but copying and pasting is not programming. We want

better for you and your skills.

What does this mean for you, the reader? To learn this way takes some trust. And we appreciate

yours. It also takes patience. As we lead you through these chapters, we will try to keep you

comfortable and tell you what is happening. However, there will be times when you will have to take

our word for it. (If you think this will bug you, keep reading – we have some ideas that might help.)

Do not get discouraged if you run across a concept that you do not understand right away. Remember

that we are intentionally not providing all the knowledge you will ever need all at once. If a concept

seems unclear, we will likely discuss it in more detail later when it becomes necessary. And some

things that are not clear at the beginning will suddenly make sense when you implement them the first

(or the twelfth) time.

People learn differently. It is possible that you will love how we hand out concepts on an as-needed

basis. It is also possible that you will find it frustrating. In case of the latter, here are some options:

Take a deep breath and wait it out. We will get there, and so will you.

Check the index. We will let it slide if you look ahead and read through a more advanced

discussion that occurs later in the book.

Check the online Apple documentation. This is an essential developer tool, and you will want

plenty of practice using it. Consult it early and often.

If Objective-C or object-oriented programming concepts are giving you a hard time (or if you

think they will), you might consider backing up and reading our Objective-C Programming: The

Big Nerd Ranch Guide.

How This Book is Organized

In this book, each chapter addresses one or more ideas of iOS development through discussion and

hands-on practice. For more coding practice, most chapters include challenge exercises. We

encourage you to take on at least some of these. They are excellent for firming up the concepts

introduced in the chapter and making you a more confident iOS programmer. Finally, most chapters

conclude with one or two “For the More Curious” sections that explain certain consequences of the

concepts that were introduced earlier.

Chapter 1 introduces you to iOS programming as you build and deploy a tiny application. You will

get your feet wet with Xcode and the iOS simulator along with all the steps for creating projects and

files. The chapter includes a discussion of Model-View-Controller and how it relates to iOS

development.

Chapters 2 and 3 provide an overview of Objective-C and memory management. Although you will

not create an iOS application in these two chapters, you will build and debug a tool called RandomItems

to ground you in these concepts.

In Chapters 4 and 5, you will begin focusing on the iOS user interface as you learn about views and

the view hierarchy and create an application called Hypnosister.

Chapters 6 and 7 introduce view controllers for managing user interfaces with the HypnoNerd

application. You will get practice working with views and view controllers as well as navigating

between screens using a tab bar. You will also get plenty of experience with the important design

pattern of delegation as well as working with protocols, the debugger, and setting up local

notifications.

Chapter 8 introduces the largest application in the book – Homepwner. (By the way, “Homepwner” is

not a typo; you can find the definition of “pwn” at www.urbandictionary.com.) This application keeps

a record of your possessions in case of fire or other catastrophe. Homepwner will take fourteen chapters

to complete.

In Chapters 8, 9, and 19, you will build experience with tables. You will learn about table views,

their view controllers, and their data sources. You will learn how to display data in a table, how to

allow the user to edit the table, and how to improve the interface.

Chapter 10 builds on the navigation experience gained in Chapter 6. You will learn how to use

UINavigationController and you will give Homepwner a drill-down interface and a navigation bar.

In Chapter 11, you will learn how to take pictures with the camera and how to display and store

images in Homepwner. You will use NSDictionary and UIImagePickerController.

In Chapters 12 and 13, you will set Homepwner aside for a bit to create a drawing application named

TouchTracker to learn about touch events. You will see how to add multi-touch capability and how to

use UIGestureRecognizer to respond to particular gestures. You will also get experience with the

first responder and responder chain concepts and more practice with NSDictionary.

In Chapter 14, you will learn how to use debug gauges, Instruments, and the static analyzer to optimize

the performance of TouchTracker.

In Chapters 15 and 16, you will make Homepwner a universal application – an application that runs

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