Oracle Fusion Middleware: 12c开发指南（12.1.3）

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本文档是关于Oracle Fusion Middleware下的"Developing Fusion Web Applications with Oracle Application Development Framework 12c (12.1.3)"的详细指南。该文档针对Oracle ADF（Oracle Application Development Framework）的开发者，重点介绍了如何利用ADF Business Components、ADF Taskflows以及ADFFaces来开发和部署基于Web的应用程序。Oracle Fusion Middleware是一个集成的解决方案，旨在提供企业级应用程序开发、集成和管理的平台。文档强调了版权和许可协议的重要性，指出软件及相关文档受到知识产权法律保护。用户在使用时必须遵守特定的使用和披露限制，除非在许可证协议中明确允许或者法律规定，否则禁止进行如复制、修改、分发、展示等行为。此外，对软件的逆向工程、拆解或反编译也被限制，除非是为了实现兼容性而必需。文档由多位主要作者共同编写，包括Ralph Gordon（负责人）、Walter Egan、Cindy Hall、Kathryn Munn、Landon Ott、Michele Whittaker和Robin Whitmore，而Lynn Munsinger也是贡献者之一。版权信息表明，所有内容受2013年和2015年Oracle及其关联公司的版权保护。读者在阅读时需要注意，文档中的信息可能随时更改且不保证无误。若发现任何错误，应以书面形式报告给Oracle。如果此软件或文档是提供给美国政府或其代表的任何用户的，文档中还可能包含适用的特定政府通知条款。总结来说，本文档是为那些希望通过Oracle Application Development Framework构建高效、安全的Web应用的开发人员提供了关键技术和实践指导，帮助他们理解和遵循版权法规，确保在开发过程中合法合规。

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10.3.4.3 How a RowMatch Affects Rows Fetched from the Database .......................... 10-21

10.4 Reading and Writing XML ........................................................................................... 10-21

10.4.1 How to Produce XML for Queried Data ................................................................ 10-21

10.4.2 What Happens When You Produce XML .............................................................. 10-22

10.4.3 What You May Need to Know About Reading and Writing XML ........................ 10-24

10.4.3.1 Controlling XML Element Names ................................................................... 10-24

10.4.3.2 Controlling Element Suppression for Null-Valued Attributes ........................ 10-25

10.4.3.3 Printing or Searching the Generated XML Using XPath ................................. 10-25

10.4.3.4 Using the Attribute Map For Fine Control Over Generated XML ................... 10-26

10.4.3.5 Use the Attribute Map Approach with Bi-Directional View Links .................. 10-27

10.4.3.6 Transforming Generated XML Using an XSLT Stylesheet .............................. 10-27

10.4.3.7 Generating XML for a Single Row ................................................................... 10-29

10.4.4 How to Consume XML Documents to Apply Changes ......................................... 10-29

10.4.5 What Happens When You Consume XML Documents ......................................... 10-29

10.4.5.1 How ViewObject.readXML() Processes an XML Document ........................... 10-29

10.4.5.2 Using readXML() to Processes XML for a Single Row .................................... 10-30

10.5 Using Programmatic View Objects for Alternative Data Sources ................................ 10-33

10.5.1 How to Create a Read-Only Programmatic View Object ....................................... 10-34

10.5.2 How to Create an Entity-Based Programmatic View Object .................................. 10-34

10.5.3 Key Framework Methods to Override for Programmatic View Objects ................ 10-35

10.5.4 How to Create a View Object on a REF CURSOR .................................................. 10-36

10.5.4.1 The Overridden create() Method ..................................................................... 10-37

10.5.4.2 The Overridden executeQueryForCollection() Method .................................. 10-37

10.5.4.3 The Overridden createRowFromResultSet() Method ...................................... 10-38

10.5.4.4 The Overridden hasNextForCollectionMethod() ............................................ 10-39

10.5.4.5 The Overridden releaseUserDataForCollection() Method ............................... 10-39

10.5.4.6 The Overridden getQueryHitCount() Method ................................................ 10-40

10.6 Creating a View Object with Multiple Updatable Entities ........................................... 10-40

10.6.1 How to Programmatically Create New Rows With Multiple Updatable Entity Usages .

10-41

10.6.2 What Happens at Runtime: View Row Creation ................................................... 10-43

10.7 Programmatically Creating View Definitions and View Objects ................................. 10-45

10.7.1 What You May Need to Know About MDS Repository Configuration ................. 10-46

10.7.2 What You May Need to Know About Creating View Objects at Runtime ............. 10-47

10.8 Declaratively Preventing Insert, Update, and Delete ................................................... 10-47

11 Defining Validation and Business Rules Declaratively

11.1 About Declarative Validation ......................................................................................... 11-1

11.1.1 Declarative Validation Use Cases and Examples ..................................................... 11-2

11.1.2 Additional Functionality for Declarative Validation ............................................... 11-2

11.2 Determining Where to Implement Validation ................................................................ 11-2

11.3 Understanding the Validation Cycle .............................................................................. 11-3

11.3.1 Types of Entity Object Validation Rules .................................................................. 11-3

11.3.1.1 Attribute-Level Validation Rules ...................................................................... 11-3

11.3.1.2 Entity-Level Validation Rules ........................................................................... 11-4

11.3.2 Understanding Commit Processing and Validation ................................................ 11-4

11.3.3 Understanding the Impact of Composition on Validation Order ............................ 11-5

xvii

11.3.4 Avoiding Infinite Validation Cycles ........................................................................ 11-5

11.3.5 What Happens When Validations Fail ..................................................................... 11-6

11.3.6 Understanding Entity Objects Row States ............................................................... 11-6

11.3.7 Understanding Bundled Exception Mode ................................................................ 11-7

11.4 Adding Validation Rules to Entity Objects and Attributes ............................................. 11-7

11.4.1 How to Add a Validation Rule to an Entity or Attribute ......................................... 11-7

11.4.2 How to View and Edit a Validation Rule on an Entity Object or Attribute .............. 11-8

11.4.3 What Happens When You Add a Validation Rule ................................................... 11-9

11.4.4 What You May Need to Know About Entity and Attribute Validation Rules ......... 11-9

11.4.5 What You May Need to Know About List of Values and Attribute Validation Rules ....

11-10

11.5 Using the Built-in Declarative Validation Rules ........................................................... 11-10

11.5.1 How to Ensure That Key Values Are Unique ........................................................ 11-11

11.5.2 What Happens When You Use a Unique Key Validator ........................................ 11-12

11.5.3 How to Validate Based on a Comparison .............................................................. 11-12

11.5.4 What Happens When You Validate Based on a Comparison ................................ 11-14

11.5.5 How to Validate Using a List of Values ................................................................. 11-14

11.5.6 What Happens When You Validate Using a List of Values ................................... 11-16

11.5.7 What You May Need to Know About the List Validator ....................................... 11-16

11.5.8 How to Make Sure a Value Falls Within a Certain Range ...................................... 11-17

11.5.9 What Happens When You Use a Range Validator ................................................. 11-18

11.5.10 How to Validate Against a Number of Bytes or Characters ................................... 11-18

11.5.11 What Happens When You Validate Against a Number of Bytes or Characters ..... 11-19

11.5.12 How to Validate Using a Regular Expression ........................................................ 11-19

11.5.13 What Happens When You Validate Using a Regular Expression .......................... 11-21

11.5.14 How to Use the Average, Count, or Sum to Validate a Collection ......................... 11-21

11.5.15 What Happens When You Use Collection Validation ............................................ 11-22

11.5.16 How to Determine Whether a Key Exists ............................................................... 11-22

11.5.17 What Happens When You Use a Key Exists Validator .......................................... 11-23

11.5.18 What You May Need to Know About Declarative Validators and View Accessors .......

11-24

11.6 Using Groovy Expressions For Business Rules and Triggers ....................................... 11-25

11.6.1 How to Reference Entity Object Methods in Groovy Expressions ......................... 11-25

11.6.2 How to Validate Using a True/False Expression ................................................... 11-26

11.6.3 What Happens When You Add a Groovy Expression ........................................... 11-27

11.7 Triggering Validation Execution .................................................................................. 11-28

11.7.1 How to Specify Which Attributes Fire Validation ................................................. 11-29

11.7.2 What Happens When You Constrain Validation Execution with Triggering Attributes

11-30

11.7.3 How to Set Preconditions for Validation ............................................................... 11-31

11.7.4 How to Set Transaction-Level Validation .............................................................. 11-31

11.7.5 What You May Need to Know About the Order of Validation Execution ............. 11-31

11.8 Creating Validation Error Messages ............................................................................. 11-32

11.8.1 How to Create Validation Error Messages ............................................................. 11-32

11.8.2 How to Localize Validation Messages ................................................................... 11-32

11.8.3 How to Conditionally Raise Error Messages Using Groovy .................................. 11-33

11.8.4 How to Embed a Groovy Expression in an Error Message .................................... 11-33

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11.9 Setting the Severity Level for Validation Exceptions .................................................... 11-35

11.10 Bulk Validation in SQL ................................................................................................ 11-35

12 Implementing Validation and Business Rules Programmatically

12.1 About Programmatic Business Rules ............................................................................. 12-1

12.1.1 Programmatic Business Rules Use Cases and Examples ......................................... 12-2

12.1.2 Additional Functionality for Programmatic Business Rules .................................... 12-3

12.2 Using Method Validators ............................................................................................... 12-3

12.2.1 How to Create an Attribute-Level Method Validator .............................................. 12-4

12.2.2 What Happens When You Create an Attribute-Level Method Validator ................ 12-5

12.2.3 How to Create an Entity-Level Method Validator ................................................... 12-6

12.2.4 What Happens When You Create an Entity-Level Method Validator ..................... 12-7

12.2.5 What You May Need to Know About Translating Validation Rule Error Messages 12-8

12.3 Assigning Programmatically Derived Attribute Values ................................................. 12-8

12.3.1 How to Provide Default Values for New Rows at Create Time ............................... 12-9

12.3.1.1 Choosing Between create() and initDefaultExpressionAttributes() Methods .... 12-9

12.3.1.2 Eagerly Defaulting an Attribute Value from a Database Sequence ................... 12-9

12.3.2 How to Assign Derived Values Before Saving ....................................................... 12-10

12.3.3 How to Assign Derived Values When an Attribute Value Is Set ........................... 12-11

12.4 Undoing Pending Changes to an Entity Using the Refresh Method ............................ 12-11

12.4.1 How to Control What Happens to New Rows During a Refresh .......................... 12-12

12.4.2 How to Cascade Refresh to Composed Children Entity Rows .............................. 12-12

12.5 Using View Objects for Validation ............................................................................... 12-12

12.5.1 How to Use View Accessors for Validation Against View Objects ........................ 12-12

12.5.2 How to Validate Conditions Related to All Entities of a Given Type .................... 12-13

12.5.3 What You May Need to Know About Row Set Access with View Accessors ........ 12-14

12.6 Accessing Related Entity Rows Using Association Accessors ...................................... 12-15

12.6.1 How to Access Related Entity Rows ...................................................................... 12-15

12.6.2 How to Access Related Entity Row Sets ............................................................... 12-15

12.7 Referencing Information About the Authenticated User ............................................. 12-16

12.8 Accessing Original Attribute Values ............................................................................ 12-16

12.9 Storing Information About the Current User Session .................................................. 12-17

12.9.1 How to Store Information About the Current User Session .................................. 12-17

12.9.2 How to Use Groovy to Access Information About the Current User Session ........ 12-18

12.10 Accessing the Current Date and Time .......................................................................... 12-18

12.11 Sending Notifications Upon a Successful Commit

....................................................... 12-18

12.12 Conditionally Preventing an Entity Row from Being Removed ................................... 12-19

12.13 Determining Conditional Updatability for Attributes .................................................. 12-19

12.14 Implementing Custom Validation Rules ...................................................................... 12-20

12.14.1 How to Create a Custom Validation Rule .............................................................. 12-20

12.14.2 Adding a Design Time Bean Customizer for Your Rule ........................................ 12-22

12.14.3 How to Register and Using a Custom Rule in JDeveloper ..................................... 12-23

12.14.3.1 Registering a Custom Validator at the Project Level ....................................... 12-23

12.14.3.2 Registering a Custom Validator at the IDE Level ............................................ 12-23

13 Implementing Business Services with Application Modules

13.1 About Application Modules ........................................................................................... 13-1

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13.1.1 Application Module Use Cases and Examples ......................................................... 13-2

13.1.2 Additional Functionality for Application Modules ................................................. 13-3

13.2 Creating and Modifying an Application Module ........................................................... 13-4

13.2.1 How to Create an Application Module .................................................................... 13-4

13.2.2 What Happens When You Create an Application Module ...................................... 13-5

13.2.3 How to Add a View Object Instance to an Application Module .............................. 13-6

13.2.3.1 Adding a View Object Instance to an Existing Application Module ................. 13-6

13.2.3.2 Adding Master-Detail View Object Instances to an Application Module .......... 13-7

13.2.3.3 Customizing a View Object Instance that You Add to an Application Module .......

13-11

13.2.4 What Happens When You Add a View Object Instance to an Application Module .......

13-13

13.2.5 How to Edit an Existing Application Module ........................................................ 13-14

13.2.6 How to Change the Data Control Name Before You Begin Building Pages ........... 13-14

13.2.7 What You May Need to Know About Application Module Granularity ............... 13-15

13.2.8 What You May Need to Know About View Object Components and View Object

Instances ................................................................................................................ 13-15

13.3 Configuring Your Application Module Database Connection ..................................... 13-16

13.3.1 How to Use a JDBC Data Source Connection Type ................................................ 13-16

13.3.2 What Happens When You Create an Application Module Database Connection .13-17

13.3.3 How to Change Your Application Module's Runtime Configuration .................... 13-18

13.3.4 How to Change the Database Connection for Your Project ................................... 13-20

13.4 Defining Nested Application Modules ......................................................................... 13-20

13.4.1 How to Define a Nested Application Module ........................................................ 13-21

13.4.2 What You May Need to Know About Root Application Modules Versus Nested

Application Module Usages ................................................................................... 13-22

13.5 Creating an Application Module Diagram for Your Business Service .......................... 13-23

13.5.1 How to Create an Application Module Diagram ................................................... 13-23

13.5.2 What Happens When You Create an Application Module Diagram ..................... 13-24

13.5.3 How to Use the Diagram to Edit the Application Module ..................................... 13-24

13.5.4 How to Control Diagram Display Options ............................................................ 13-25

13.5.5 How to Filter Method Names Displayed in the Diagram ...................................... 13-25

13.5.6 How to Show Related Objects and Implementation Files in the Diagram ............. 13-26

13.5.7 How to Publish the Application Module Diagram ................................................ 13-26

13.5.8 How to Test the Application Module from the Diagram ....................................... 13-27

13.6 Supporting Multipage Units of Work ........................................................................... 13-27

13.6.1 How to Simulate State Management in the Oracle ADF Model Tester .................. 13-27

13.6.2 What Happens at Runtime: How the Application Uses Application Module Pooling

and State Management ........................................................................................... 13-28

13.7 Customizing an Application Module with Service Methods ........................................ 13-29

13.7.1 How to Generate a Custom Class for an Application Module ............................... 13-29

13.7.2 What Happens When You Generate a Custom Class for an Application Module .13-30

13.7.3 What You May Need to Know About Default Code Generation ........................... 13-30

13.7.4 How to Add a Custom Service Method to an Application Module ....................... 13-31

13.7.5 How to Test the Custom Application Module Using a Static Main Method .......... 13-32

13.7.6 What You May Need to Know About Programmatic Row Set Iteration ................ 13-34

13.8 Customizing Application Module Message Strings ..................................................... 13-35

13.8.1 What Happens When You Add a Resource Bundle to an Application Module ..... 13-36

13.9 Publishing Custom Service Methods to UI Clients ...................................................... 13-37

13.9.1 How to Publish a Custom Method on the Application Module’s Client Interface 13-37

13.9.2 What Happens When You Publish Custom Service Methods ............................... 13-38

13.9.3 How to Generate Client Interfaces for View Objects and View Rows ................... 13-39

13.9.4 How to Test Custom Service Methods Using the Oracle ADF Model Tester ......... 13-41

13.9.5 What You May Need to Know About Method Signatures on the Client Interface 13-42

13.9.6 What You May Need to Know About Passing Information from the Data Model 13-43

13.10 Working Programmatically with an Application Module's Client Interface ................ 13-43

13.10.1 How to Work Programmatically with an Application Module's Client Interface .. 13-43

13.10.2 What Happens at Runtime: How the Application Module's Client Interface is

Accessed ................................................................................................................ 13-45

13.10.3 How to Access an Application Module Client Interface in a Fusion Web Application ..

13-45

13.11 Overriding Built-in Framework Methods .................................................................... 13-48

13.11.1 How to Override a Built-in Framework Method ................................................... 13-48

13.11.2 What Happens When You Override a Built-in Framework Method ..................... 13-49

13.11.3 How to Override prepareSession() to Set Up an Application Module for a New User

Session ................................................................................................................... 13-50

13.12 Calling a Web Service from an Application Module .................................................... 13-50

13.12.1 How to Call an External Service Programmatically ............................................... 13-51

13.12.1.1 Creating a Web Service Proxy Class to Programmatically Access the Service 13-52

13.12.1.2 Calling the Web Service Proxy Template to Invoke the Service ...................... 13-52

13.12.1.3 Calling a Web Service Method Using the Proxy Class in an Application Module ...

13-53

13.12.2 What Happens When You Create the Web Service Proxy ..................................... 13-53

13.12.3 How to Create a New Web Service Connection ..................................................... 13-54

13.12.4 What Happens at Runtime: How the Web Service Proxy Handles a Web Service

Invocation .............................................................................................................. 13-55

13.12.5 What You May Need to Know About Web Service Proxies .................................. 13-55

13.12.5.1 Using a Try-Catch Block to Handle Web Service Exceptions .......................... 13-55

13.12.5.2 Separating Application Module and Web Services Transactions ................... 13-56

13.12.5.3 Setting Browser Proxy Information ................................................................. 13-56

13.12.5.4 Invoking Application Modules with a Web Service Proxy Class .................... 13-56

14 Sharing Application Module View Instances

14.1 About Shared Application Modules ............................................................................... 14-1

14.1.1 Shared Application Module Use Cases and Examples ............................................ 14-1

14.1.2 Additional Functionality for Shared Application Modules ..................................... 14-2

14.2 Sharing an Application Module Instance ....................................................................... 14-2

14.2.1 How to Create a Shared Application Module Instance ............................................ 14-3

14.2.2 What Happens When You Define a Shared Application Module ............................ 14-4

14.2.3 What You May Need to Know About Design Time Scope of the Shared Application

Module .................................................................................................................... 14-6

14.2.4 What You May Need to Know About the Design Time Scope of View Instances of the

Shared Application Module ..................................................................................... 14-6

14.2.5 What You May Need to Know About Managing the Number of Shared Query

Collections ............................................................................................................... 14-6

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Oracle Fusion Middleware: 12c开发指南（12.1.3）

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