深入理解Spring框架教程：从入门到高级

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http://www.tutorialspoint.com/spring/spring_ioc_containers.htm

SPRING - IOC CONTAINERS

The Spring container is at the core of the Spring Framework. The container will create the objects,

wire them together, configure them, and manage their complete lifecycle from creation till

destruction. The Spring container uses dependency injection DI to manage the components that

make up an application. These objects are called Spring Beans which we will discuss in next

chapter.

The container gets its instructions on what objects to instantiate, configure, and assemble by

reading configuration metadata provided. The configuration metadata can be represented either

by XML, Java annotations, or Java code. The following diagram is a high-level view of how Spring

works. The Spring IoC container makes use of Java POJO classes and configuration metadata to

produce a fully configured and executable system or application.

Spring provides following two distinct types of containers.

S.N. Container & Description

1 Spring BeanFactory Container

This is the simplest container providing basic support for DI and defined by the

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory interface. The BeanFactory and related

interfaces, such as BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean, DisposableBean, are still present

in Spring for the purposes of backward compatibility with the large number of third-party

frameworks that integrate with Spring.

2 Spring ApplicationContext Container

This container adds more enterprise-specific functionality such as the ability to resolve

textual messages from a properties file and the ability to publish application events to

interested event listeners. This container is defined by the

org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext interface.

The ApplicationContext container includes all functionality of the BeanFactory container, so it is

generally recommended over the BeanFactory. BeanFactory can still be used for light weight

http://www.tutorialspoint.com/spring/spring_beanfactory_container.htm

SPRING BEANFACTORY CONTAINER

This is the simplest container providing basic support for DI and defined by the

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory interface. The BeanFactory and related

interfaces, such as BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean, DisposableBean, are still present in Spring

for the purposes of backward compatibility with the large number of third-party frameworks that

integrate with Spring.

There are a number of implementations of the BeanFactory interface that come supplied straight

out-of-the-box with Spring. The most commonly used BeanFactory implementation is the

XmlBeanFactory class. This container reads the configuration metadata from an XML file and

uses it to create a fully configured system or application.

The BeanFactory is usually preferred where the resources are limited like mobile devices or applet

based applications. So use an ApplicationContext unless you have a good reason for not doing so.

Example:

Let us have working Eclipse IDE in place and follow the following steps to create a Spring

application:

Step Description

1 Create a project with a name SpringExample and create a package com.tutorialspoint

under the src folder in the created project.

2 Add required Spring libraries using Add External JARs option as explained in the Spring

Hello World Example chapter.

3 Create Java classes HelloWorld and MainApp under the com.tutorialspoint package.

4 Create Beans configuration file Beans.xml under the src folder.

5 The final step is to create the content of all the Java files and Bean Configuration file and

run the application as explained below.

Here is the content of HelloWorld.java file:

package com.tutorialspoint;

public class HelloWorld {

private String m essage;

public void setMessage(String message){

this.message = message;

}

public void getMessage(){

System .out.println("Your Message : " + message);

}

Following is the content of the second file MainApp.java:

package com.tutorialspoint;

im port org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;

im port org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;

im port org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;

public class MainApp {

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