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首页SA828 PWM发生器在电力电子设备中的应用
SA828 PWM发生器在电力电子设备中的应用
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更新于2024-08-03
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"SA828.pdf" 这篇文档是关于SA828脉宽调制(PWM)发生器的,它在电子设计竞赛中被用作一个重要的参考资料,特别是在大学生的项目中。SA828主要应用于控制变速交流电机、不间断电源(UPS)和其他需要脉宽调制来高效控制功率的电力电子设备。 PWM是一种有效的功率控制手段,SA828 PWM发生器设计了六个TTL电平的PWM输出,它们控制三相逆变器桥的六个开关。这种控制通常通过外部隔离和放大阶段来实现。由于采用了CMOS工艺制造,SA828具有低功耗的特性,这使得它在实际应用中更加节能。 在PWM序列中包含的信息决定了输出波形的形状、功率频率、幅度以及由红-黄-蓝相序定义的旋转方向。用户可以在设备初始化时设定参数,如载波频率、最小脉冲宽度和脉冲延迟时间。脉冲延迟时间(重叠时间)控制逆变器桥每个输出相位中两个功率开关的开和关之间的延迟,以适应不同功率器件家族的开关时间差异。 SA828易于通过微处理器进行控制,其全数字结构允许精确的信号处理和灵活的配置。这样的特性使其在设计竞赛中成为一种有价值的解决方案,大学生可以学习并利用这些知识来设计自己的电力电子控制系统。 SA828 PWM发生器是一个功能强大且灵活的集成电路,适用于各种需要精确功率控制的应用。它不仅提供了基础的PWM输出,还能通过微处理器进行复杂控制,适应不同场景的需求。在电子设计竞赛中,这样的技术资料对于参赛者来说是提升设计能力和理解现代电力电子系统的关键。
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3
SA828
Fig. 2 SA828 internal block diagram
PULSE
DELETION
PULSE
DELAY
CIRCUIT
RPHT
RPHB
PULSE
DELETION
PULSE
DELAY
CIRCUIT
YPHT
YPHB
PULSE
DELETION
PULSE
DELAY
CIRCUIT
BPHT
BPHB
RED PHASE
YELLOW PHASE
BLUE PHASE
PHASING
AND
CONTROL
LOGIC
WAVEFORM
ROM
TRIP
LATCH
ADDRESS
GENERATOR
24-BIT
INITIALISATION
REGISTER
24-BIT
CONTROL
REGISTER
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
BUS
DEMULTIPLEXER
BUS
CONTROL
CLOCK
DIVIDER
RST
MOTEL
INTERFACE
SYSTEM
BUS
AD
0
-AD
7
8
SET
TRIP
TRIP
CS
CLOCK
ZPP
O/Ps
WSS
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
An asynchronous method of PWM generation is used with
uniform or ‘double-edged’ regular sampling of the waveform
stored in the internal ROM as illustrated in Fig. 3.
The triangle carrier wave frequency is selectable up to 24kHz
(assuming the maximum clock frequency of 12.5MHz is used),
enabling ultrasonic operation for noise critical applications. With
12.5MHz clock, power frequency ranges of up to 4kHz are
possible, with the actual output frequency resolved to 12-bit
accuracy within the chosen range in order to give precise motor
speed control and smooth frequency changing. The output phase
sequence of the PWM outputs can also be changed to allow both
forward and reverse motor operation.
PWM output pulses can be ‘tailored’ to the inverter
characteristics by defining the minimum allowable pulse width
(the SA828 will delete all shorter pulses from the ‘pure’ PWM pulse
train) and the pulse delay (underlap) time, without the need for
external circuitry. This gives cost advantages in both component
savings and in allowing the same PWM circuitry to be used for
control of a number of different motor drive circuits simply by
changing the microprocessor software.
Power frequency amplitude control is also provided with an
overmodulation option to assist in rapid motor braking. Alternatively,
braking may be implemented by setting the rotational speed to
0Hz. This is termed ‘DC injection braking’, in which the rotation of
the motor is opposed by allowing DC to flow in the windings.
A trip input allows the PWM outputs to be shut down immediately,
overriding the microprocessor control in the event of an emergency.
The Waveform Sampling Synchronisation (WSS) output may
be used in conjunction with the ZPP signals to provide feedback
of the actual rotational speed from the rotor. This is of particular
use in slip compensated systems.
Other possible SA828 applications are as a 3-phase waveform
generator as part of a switched-mode power supply (SMPS) or of
an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). In such applications the
high carrier frequency allows a very small switching transformer
to be used.
MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE
The SA828 interfaces to the controlling microprocessor by
means of a multiplexed bus of the MOTEL format. This interface
bus has the ability to adapt itself automatically to the format and
timing of both MOTorola and IntEL interface buses (hence MOTEL).
Internally, the detection circuitry latches the status of the DS/
RD
line when AS/ALE goes high. If the result is high then the Intel
mode is used; if the result is low then the Motorola mode is used.
This procedure is carried out each time that AS/ALE goes high. In
practice this mode selection is transparent to the user. For bus
connection and timing information refer to the description relevant
to the microprocessor/controller being used.
Industry standard microprocessors such as the 8085, 8088,
etc. and microcontrollers such as the 8051, 8052 and 6805 are all
compatible with the interface on the SA828. This interface consists
of 8 data lines, AD
0
- AD
7
(write-only in this instance), which are
multiplexed to carry both the address and data information, 3 bus
control lines, labelled
WR,RD and ALE in Intel mode and R/W, DS
and AS in Motorola mode, and a Chip Select input,
CS, which
allows the SA828 to share the same bus as other microprocessor
peripherals. It should be noted that all bus timings are derived from
the microprocessor and are independent of the SA828 clock
input.
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