使用 MySQL Connector/J 开发数据库应用程序指南

1星需积分: 10 30 浏览量更新于2024-07-22 收藏 440KB PDF 举报

MySQL Connector/J Developer Guide MySQL Connector/J 是一种 JDBC 驱动程序，用于连接和通信 MySQL 服务器。本指南将指导开发人员如何安装、配置和开发使用 MySQL Connector/J 的数据库应用程序。安装 MySQL Connector/J 要安装 MySQL Connector/J，开发人员可以从 MySQL 官方网站下载二进制分布式文件，然后按照安装指南安装驱动程序。安装完成后，需要配置 CLASSPATH 环境变量以便 Java 应用程序可以找到驱动程序。配置 MySQL Connector/J 在安装完成后，需要配置驱动程序以便连接 MySQL 服务器。可以通过设置连接 URL、用户名和密码来连接服务器。例如，以下是连接到 MySQL 服务器的示例代码： `String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb";` `String user = "root";` `String password = "password";` 使用 MySQL Connector/J 进行数据库操作使用 MySQL Connector/J，可以执行各种数据库操作，例如创建数据库、创建表、插入数据、查询数据等。以下是使用 MySQL Connector/J 执行查询操作的示例代码： `Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();` `ResultSet res = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM mytable");` MySQL Connector/J 版本信息 MySQL Connector/J 有多个版本，每个版本都有其特点和改进之处。开发人员可以查看版本说明了解每个版本的变化和改进之处。 Java 版本支持 MySQL Connector/J 支持多个 Java 版本，包括 Java 6、Java 7 和 Java 8 等。开发人员可以根据需要选择合适的 Java 版本。升级 MySQL Connector/J 当升级 MySQL Connector/J 时，需要注意一些问题，例如升级到新版本可能会导致一些不兼容问题。开发人员可以查看升级指南了解详细信息。 MySQL Connector/J 示例 MySQL Connector/J 提供了多个示例代码，帮助开发人员快速了解如何使用驱动程序。这些示例代码涵盖了各种数据库操作，例如创建数据库、创建表、插入数据、查询数据等。 MySQL Connector/J 参考手册 MySQL Connector/J 参考手册提供了详细的 API 文档，帮助开发人员了解驱动程序的各个组件和方法。该手册涵盖了驱动程序的所有方面，包括连接数据库、执行查询、处理结果等。 MySQL Connector/J 是一个功能强大且灵活的 JDBC 驱动程序，帮助开发人员快速开发数据库应用程序。通过阅读本指南，开发人员可以快速了解如何安装、配置和使用 MySQL Connector/J。

Installing from the Development Source Tree

5. Change your current working directory to either the connectorj or 5.1 directory, depending on which

branch you intend to build.

6. In the directory, create a file named build.properties to indicate to Ant the locations of the Javac

and rt.jar of your JDK 1.6.x, as well as the location of the extra libraries. The file should contain the

following property settings, with the “path_to_” parts replaced by the appropriate filepaths:

com.mysql.jdbc.java6.javac=path_to_javac_1.6/javac

com.mysql.jdbc.java6.rtjar=path_to_rt.jar_under_jdk_1.6/rt.jar

com.mysql.jdbc.extra.libs=path_to_folder_for_extra_libraries

Alternatively, you can set the values of those properties through the Ant -D options.

7. Issue the following command to compile the driver and create a .jar file suitable for installation:

shell> ant dist

This creates a build directory in the current directory, where all build output will go. A directory is

created in the build directory that includes the version number of the sources you are building from.

This directory contains the sources, compiled .class files, and a .jar file suitable for deployment.

For other possible targets, including those that create a fully packaged distribution, issue the following

command:

shell> ant -projecthelp

8. A newly created .jar file containing the JDBC driver will be placed in the directory build/mysql-

connector-java-version.

Install the newly created JDBC driver as you would install a binary .jar file you download from

MySQL by following the instructions given in Section 3.2, “Installing the Driver and Configuring the

CLASSPATH”.

A package containing both the binary and source code for Connector/J 5.1 can also be found at the

following location: Connector/J 5.1 Download

Chapter 5 Connector/J (JDBC) Reference

Table of Contents

5.1 Driver/Datasource Class Names, URL Syntax and Configuration Properties for Connector/J ............ 13

5.1.1 Properties Files for the useConfigs Option ..................................................................... 44

5.2 JDBC API Implementation Notes ................................................................................................. 45

5.3 Java, JDBC and MySQL Types ................................................................................................... 48

5.4 Using Character Sets and Unicode .............................................................................................. 51

5.5 Connecting Securely Using SSL .................................................................................................. 52

5.6 Connecting Using PAM Authentication ......................................................................................... 55

5.7 Using Master/Slave Replication with ReplicationConnection .......................................................... 55

5.8 Mapping MySQL Error Numbers to JDBC SQLState Codes .......................................................... 55

This section of the manual contains reference material for MySQL Connector/J.

5.1 Driver/Datasource Class Names, URL Syntax and Configuration

Properties for Connector/J

The name of the class that implements java.sql.Driver in MySQL Connector/J is

com.mysql.jdbc.Driver. The org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver class name is also usable for backward

compatibility with MM.MySQL, the predecessor of Connector/J. Use this class name when registering the

driver, or when otherwise configuring software to use MySQL Connector/J.

JDBC URL Format

The JDBC URL format for MySQL Connector/J is as follows, with items in square brackets ([, ]) being

optional:

jdbc:mysql://[host][,failoverhost...][:port]/[database] »

[?propertyName1][=propertyValue1][&propertyName2][=propertyValue2]...

If the host name is not specified, it defaults to 127.0.0.1. If the port is not specified, it defaults to 3306,

the default port number for MySQL servers.

jdbc:mysql://[host:port],[host:port].../[database] »

[?propertyName1][=propertyValue1][&propertyName2][=propertyValue2]...

Here is a sample connection URL:

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sakila?profileSQL=true

IPv6 Connections

For IPv6 connections, use this alternative syntax to specify hosts in the URL, address=(key=value).

Supported keys are:

• (protocol=tcp), or (protocol=pipe) for named pipes on Windows.

• (path=path_to_pipe) for named pipes.

• (host=hostname) for TCP connections.

• (port=port_number) for TCP connections.

Initial Database for Connection

For example:

jdbc:mysql://address=(protocol=tcp)(host=localhost)(port=3306)(user=test)/db

Any other parameters are treated as host-specific properties that follow the conventions of the JDBC URL

properties. This now allows per-host overrides of any configuration property for multi-host connections

(that is, when using failover, load balancing, or replication). Limit the overrides to user, password, network

timeouts and statement and metadata cache sizes; the results of other per-host overrides are not defined.

Initial Database for Connection

If the database is not specified, the connection is made with no default database. In this case, either call

the setCatalog() method on the Connection instance, or fully specify table names using the database

name (that is, SELECT dbname.tablename.colname FROM dbname.tablename...) in your SQL.

Opening a connection without specifying the database to use is generally only useful when building tools

that work with multiple databases, such as GUI database managers.

Note

Always use the Connection.setCatalog() method to specify the desired

database in JDBC applications, rather than the USE database statement.

Failover Support

MySQL Connector/J has failover support. This enables the driver to fail over to any number of

slave hosts and still perform read-only queries. Failover only happens when the connection is in an

autoCommit(true) state, because failover cannot happen reliably when a transaction is in progress.

Most application servers and connection pools set autoCommit to true at the end of every transaction/

connection use.

The failover functionality has the following behavior:

• If the URL property autoReconnect is false: Failover only happens at connection initialization, and

failback occurs when the driver determines that the first host has become available again.

• If the URL property autoReconnect is true: Failover happens when the driver determines that the

connection has failed (checked before every query), and falls back to the first host when it determines

that the host has become available again (after queriesBeforeRetryMaster queries have been

issued).

In either case, whenever you are connected to a “failed-over” server, the connection is set to read-only

state, so queries that attempt to modify data will throw exceptions (the query will never be processed by

the MySQL server).

Setting Configuration Properties

Configuration properties define how Connector/J will make a connection to a MySQL server. Unless

otherwise noted, properties can be set for a DataSource object or for a Connection object.

Configuration properties can be set in one of the following ways:

• Using the set*() methods on MySQL implementations of java.sql.DataSource (which is the

preferred method when using implementations of java.sql.DataSource):

• com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlDataSource

• com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlConnectionPoolDataSource

剩余139页未读，继续阅读

codeworkscn

粉丝: 2
资源: 31

使用 MySQL Connector/J 开发数据库应用程序指南

C# MySQL Connector/Net Developer Guide

MySQL Connector/NET Developer Guide.pdf

MySQL Connector/J

MySQL Connector/J下载地址

下载并安装MySQL数据库及其驱动程序，例如MySQL Connector/J。

怎样在命令行输入 java -version 查看 JDK 版本与下载的 MySQL Connector/J 版本是否兼容

怎样在命令行输入 java -version 查看JDK 版本与下载的 MySQL Connector/J 版本是否兼容

jdk19和哪些MySQL Connector/J 版本兼容

MYSQL数据库与mysql connector/net是否需要保持一致

安装mysql Connector/NET包，需要对应visual studio版本吗

最新资源