精通iOS游戏中心与Game Kit开发

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" Beginning iOS Game Center and Game Kit 是一本关于如何在iOS平台上利用Game Center和Game Kit框架开发游戏的入门指南。书中涵盖了从设置到实现各种功能的详细步骤，包括排行榜、成就、匹配与邀请、网络设计、数据交换、回合制游戏以及语音聊天等。此外，还介绍了与StoreKit集成进行应用内购买的实现方法。" 本书的目标读者是已经具备基本的iOS开发技能和理解的开发者，希望通过Game Center和Game Kit提升他们的游戏应用的用户体验和功能。Game Center是苹果提供的一种社交游戏网络服务，允许用户创建个人资料，与其他玩家竞争和合作，而Game Kit是实现这一服务背后的框架，提供了多人游戏、排行榜、成就系统等功能。在第1章"Getting Started with GameKit and Game Center"中，作者将引导读者了解这两个工具的基本概念，并设置开发环境。第2章"GameCenter: Setting Up and Getting Started"详细介绍了如何配置Game Center应用程序并测试其功能。第3章"Leaderboards"讲解了如何创建和管理游戏排行榜，让玩家可以比较得分。第4章"Achievements"涵盖了实现和跟踪游戏成就的方法，以增强用户的参与度。第5章"Matchmaking and Invitations"则探讨了如何让玩家进行匹配游戏和发送游戏邀请。第6章"The Peer Picker"介绍了选择和连接本地设备进行多人游戏的过程。第7章"Network Design Overview"深入到网络架构的设计，讨论如何优化游戏的网络性能。第8章"Exchanging Data"讲述了如何安全有效地在游戏客户端之间交换数据。第9章"Turned-Based Gaming with Game Center"专门讨论回合制游戏的实现，包括游戏状态的保存和恢复。第10章"Voice Chat"介绍了集成语音聊天功能，提升玩家间的交流体验。最后，第11章"In-App Purchase with StoreKit"教授如何通过StoreKit框架实现应用内的商品购买，为开发者创造收入。附录包括索引和作者、技术审阅者的信息，便于读者查找特定主题。这本书是为那些希望在iOS游戏中引入社交互动和额外功能的开发者准备的宝贵资源，它通过详细的实例和指导，帮助开发者快速上手Game Center和Game Kit的使用。

CHAPTER 1: Getting Started with Game Kit and Game Center

continue;

}

[UIView beginAnimations:@"cowWalk" context:nil];

[UIView setAnimationDuration: 3.0];

[UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveLinear];

float currentX = tempCow.frame.origin.x;

float newX = currentX + arc4random()%100-50;

if(newX > 480)

newX = 480;

if(newX < 0)

newX = 0;

if(tempCow != currentAbductee)

tempCow.frame = CGRectMake(newX, 260, 64, 42);

[UIView commitAnimations];

tempCow.animationDuration = 0.75;

tempCow.animationRepeatCount = 99999;

//flip cow

if(newX < currentX)

{

NSArray *flippedCowImageArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

[UIImage imageNamed: @"Cow1Reversed.png"], [UIImage imageNamed: @"Cow2Reversed.png"],

[UIImage imageNamed: @"Cow3Reversed.png"], nil];

tempCow.animationImages = flippedCowImageArray;

}

else

{

NSArray *cowImageArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [UIImage imageNamed:

@"Cow1.png"], [UIImage imageNamed: @"Cow2.png"], [UIImage imageNamed: @"Cow3.png"],

nil];

tempCow.animationImages = cowImageArray;

}

[tempCow startAnimating];

}

//change the paths for the cows every 3 seconds

[self performSelector:@selector(updateCowPaths) withObject:nil afterDelay:3.0];

}

We will need to cycle through our array of cow objects. We do this on the first line of the

preceding method. We then randomize a new x position for the cow. A quick check

ensures we are not instructing the cow to walk off the screen. Then we commit the

animation. We also need to handle the direction change for the cow.

CHAPTER 1: Getting Started with Game Kit and Game Center

NOTE: The code that we use to handle that event is not the most efficient manner of flipping an

image, but it is the easiest to learn if you are new to this type of game.

As we had previously done with the tractor beam and the UFO images, we will add

some animation frames so the cow walks more realistically. The last thing we do is call

performSelector with a delay of three seconds. This will update the cow’s path every

three seconds, adding a more realistic appearance of random movement.

Performing a Hit Test with a UIImage

Before we worry about how to set up the cow abduction, there are preliminary steps for

abducting the cow itself. For starters, we must implement our hitTest method that was

being called from the touchesBegan event that was discussed earlier in this section.

-(UIImageView *)hitTest

{

if(!tractorBeamOn)

return nil;

for(int x = 0; x < [cowArray count]; x++)

{

UIImageView *tempCow = [cowArray objectAtIndex: x];

CALayer *cowLayer= [[tempCow layer] presentationLayer];

CGRect cowFrame = [cowLayer frame];

if (CGRectIntersectsRect(cowFrame, tractorBeamImageView.frame))

{

tempCow.frame = cowLayer.frame;

[tempCow.layer removeAllAnimations];

return tempCow;

}

return nil;

}

The first line is another sanity check to ensure that we are not calling the hitTest

method when the tractorBeam is not on. Once we make sure we are supposed to be

checking for the hit, we iterate through our array of cow objects. Since the cows are in

the middle of an animation, we cannot rely on the data from the frame, as it will show

where the cow will end up and not where the cow currently is.

To determine where the cow currently is, we ask for the presentationLayer. Core

Graphics provides a useful method for testing whether two GCRects intersect, and that is

what we will be using here. If we hit a cow, we return the object. If we get to the end of

our loop without passing a hit test, we return nil.

CHAPTER 1: Getting Started with Game Kit and Game Center

At the beginning of the method, we check to see that the tractor beam is still on and that

we have an abductee. Just as we did when the user released their touch from the

screen, we also want to remove the tractor beam image from the view and correctly set

the state variables. We award the user with a single point for abducting each cow and

we update the scoreLabel accordingly. We clean up the old cow image and set it back

to nil. Now we spawn a new cow to replace the abducted one.

Configuring iTunes Connect for Game Center

Before your iOS app or game can access any of the Game Center functionality, it will

need to be configured in iTunes Connect. iTunes Connect predates the App Store and

iPhone; it was introduced as the portal for musicians and media producers to upload

their content to the iTunes Music Store. It has since been adapted to allow developers to

upload their iOS software for sale on the App Store. iTunes Connect has evolved

tremendously since being offered to iPhone developers in July of 2008. Apple has begun

using it as a main source for app configuration. Such functionality as In App Purchase

(IAP), iAds, and Game Center require iTunes Connect configuration.

NOTE: You can still use any stand-alone Game Kit functionality without setting up Game Center

for your app. See Chapters 6, 7, 8, and 10 for more information on Game Kit’s stand-alone

functionality.

Getting Started with iTunes Connect

If you have never uploaded an app to the App Store, you might be unfamiliar with the

iTunes Connect Portal. However, if you have worked with iTunes Connect previously,

you might want to skip to the next section, as this will be refresher for you.

iTunes Connect is a web portal, accessed from any web browser at

http://itunesconnect.apple.com. You will use your existing AppleID, which you

registered as a developer under, to gain access to the portal. This is the same web

application that you will use when you want to upload new apps for sale on the App

Store, as well as make any changes to them, such as price or description. A view of the

landing page for iTunes Connect can be seen in Figure 1–4.

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