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中国科技论文在线
城市扩张下的北京降雨入渗补给量变化
研究
#
朱琳
1
,刘畅
1
,潘云
1
,郭高轩
2
,杜鹭飞
1*
基金项目:高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题(10221010091)
作者简介:朱琳,(1980-),女,副教授,主要研究方向:水资源信息技术。E-mail: hi-zhulin@163.com
(1. 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京市城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室5
培育基地,资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室,北京 100048;
2. 北京市水文地质工程地质大队,北京 100195)
摘要:本文结合 WetSpass 模型与 GIS、RS 技术,定量分析了城市扩张对北京平原区降水入
渗补给量的影响。研究在估算出 1982 年和 2007 年降水入渗补给量的基础上,将 2007 年土
地利用类型还原成 1982 年的情景重新估算;利用转移矩阵分析了两年土地利用类型的相互10
转化关系;同时,基于 GIS 空间数据统计功能,计算出不同土地利用类型下的降水入渗补
给水资源总量。结果表明,1982 年至 2007 年研究区内水浇地减少 874km
2
,其中 517km
2
转
变为城镇建设用地。相对于 1982 年,2007 年城市扩张 1038km
2
,区内降水入渗补给量减少
0.08 亿立方米,主要分布在朝阳和丰台区。研究成果为北京平原区的地下水水资源保护及土
地资源配置提供较为科学的参考。 15
关键词:降雨入渗补给量;城市扩张;WetSpass 模型;北京平原区
中图分类号:P
The research of the precipitation infiltration recharge
changing with large urban expansion in Beijing
20
ZHU Lin
1
, LIU Chang
1
, PAN Yun
1
, GUO Gaoxuan
2
, DU Lufei
1
(1. College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, State Key
Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Beijing
Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Geographic Information System, Beijing 100048;
2. Beijing Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Beijing 100195) 25
Abstract: This paper used the WetSpass model and technology of GIS and RS to analyze the
impact of urbanization on precipitation infiltration recharge in Beijing Plain. Based on the
simulated precipitation infiltration recharge in 1982 and 2007, this paper assumed the land-use
type in 2007 was the same as 1982, and WetSpass model with other input data in 2007 was re-ran
for analyzing the influence of the urbanization to the precipitation infiltration recharge. The 30
transfer matrix was used to analyze the mutual transformation relationship of land-use types in
two years. The statistical function of GIS was used to calculate the total precipitation infiltration
recharge under different land-use types. Results show that Irrigable land had decreased 874km
2
from 1982 to 2007, among which 517km
2
turned to the construction land. From 1982 to 2007 the
area of the urban expansion was about 1038 km
2
. The precipitation infiltration recharge in 2007 35
reduced 0.08 billion cubic meters than the value under the simulated condition. The precipitation
infiltration changed obviously in the region around Chaoyang and Fengtai. This study can be
regard as a scientific reference for the groundwater resources protection and land allocation of
Beijing Plain.
Keywords:
precipitation infiltration recharge; urban expansion; WetSpass model; Beijing Plain 40
0 引言
北京是世界上为数不多的以地下水作为主要供水水源的大都市,地下水资源供水量占整
个城市供水的 2/3
[1]
。80 年代以后,北京的城市化进程加快
[2]
。建设用地由 1982 年的 476.11km
2
增加到 1995 年的 1465.10km
2
,总耕地面积锐减
[3]
。2004 年后城市化迅速发展,2005 年四环45