一个由tkinter按钮指令控制的封装成函数的pygame俄罗斯方块小游戏

以下是一个简单的封装成函数的pygame俄罗斯方块小游戏示例，由tkinter按钮指令控制：

import pygame
import random
import tkinter as tk

# 定义常量
BLOCK_SIZE = 30
GAME_WIDTH = 10
GAME_HEIGHT = 20
WINDOW_WIDTH = BLOCK_SIZE * GAME_WIDTH
WINDOW_HEIGHT = BLOCK_SIZE * GAME_HEIGHT


class TetrisGame:
    def __init__(self):
        # 初始化pygame
        pygame.init()
        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT))
        pygame.display.set_caption("Tetris")

        # 初始化游戏状态
        self.game_over = False
        self.score = 0

        # 初始化游戏区域
        self.grid = [[0 for _ in range(GAME_WIDTH)] for _ in range(GAME_HEIGHT)]

        # 初始化方块
        self.current_block = None
        self.next_block = self.get_random_block()

    def get_random_block(self):
        blocks = [
            [[1, 1, 1], [0, 1, 0]],  # T
            [[1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1]],  # Z
            [[0, 1, 1], [1, 1, 0]],  # S
            [[1, 1, 1, 1]],  # I
            [[1, 1], [1, 1]],  # O
            [[1, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1]],  # L
            [[0, 0, 1], [1, 1, 1]],  # J
        ]
        return random.choice(blocks)

    def draw_block(self, x, y, block):
        for i in range(len(block)):
            for j in range(len(block[i])):
                if block[i][j]:
                    pygame.draw.rect(
                        self.screen, 
                        (255, 255, 255), 
                        pygame.Rect(
                            (x + j) * BLOCK_SIZE, 
                            (y + i) * BLOCK_SIZE, 
                            BLOCK_SIZE, 
                            BLOCK_SIZE
                        ), 
                    )

    def draw_grid(self):
        for i in range(GAME_HEIGHT):
            for j in range(GAME_WIDTH):
                if self.grid[i][j]:
                    pygame.draw.rect(
                        self.screen, 
                        (255, 255, 255), 
                        pygame.Rect(
                            j * BLOCK_SIZE, 
                            i * BLOCK_SIZE, 
                            BLOCK_SIZE, 
                            BLOCK_SIZE
                        ), 
                    )

    def draw_next_block(self):
        x = GAME_WIDTH + 2
        y = 3
        self.draw_block(x, y, self.next_block)

    def draw_score(self):
        font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)
        text = font.render(f"Score: {self.score}", True, (255, 255, 255))
        self.screen.blit(text, (10, 10))

    def move_block(self, dx, dy):
        if self.current_block is None:
            return False
        x, y = self.current_block["pos"]
        new_x, new_y = x + dx, y + dy
        if self.check_collision(self.current_block["block"], new_x, new_y):
            return False
        self.current_block["pos"] = [new_x, new_y]
        return True

    def check_collision(self, block, x, y):
        for i in range(len(block)):
            for j in range(len(block[i])):
                if block[i][j]:
                    if (
                        y + i < 0
                        or y + i >= GAME_HEIGHT
                        or x + j < 0
                        or x + j >= GAME_WIDTH
                        or self.grid[y + i][x + j]
                    ):
                        return True
        return False

    def rotate_block(self):
        if self.current_block is None:
            return False
        rotated_block = [[self.current_block["block"][j][i] for j in range(len(self.current_block["block"]))] for i in range(len(self.current_block["block"][0]) - 1, -1, -1)]
        if self.check_collision(rotated_block, *self.current_block["pos"]):
            return False
        self.current_block["block"] = rotated_block
        return True

    def place_block(self):
        if self.current_block is None:
            return False
        x, y = self.current_block["pos"]
        for i in range(len(self.current_block["block"])):
            for j in range(len(self.current_block["block"][i])):
                if self.current_block["block"][i][j]:
                    self.grid[y + i][x + j] = 1
        self.current_block = None
        return True

    def clear_lines(self):
        num_lines_cleared = 0
        for i in range(GAME_HEIGHT):
            if all(self.grid[i]):
                del self.grid[i]
                self.grid.insert(0, [0 for _ in range(GAME_WIDTH)])
                num_lines_cleared += 1
        self.score += num_lines_cleared * 100

    def update(self):
        if self.current_block is None:
            self.current_block = {
                "block": self.next_block,
                "pos": [3, 0],
            }
            self.next_block = self.get_random_block()
            if self.check_collision(self.current_block["block"], *self.current_block["pos"]):
                self.game_over = True
        else:
            if not self.move_block(0, 1):
                self.place_block()
                self.clear_lines()

    def run(self):
        clock = pygame.time.Clock()

        # 游戏循环
        while not self.game_over:
            # 处理事件
            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                    self.game_over = True
                elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                    if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                        self.move_block(-1, 0)
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                        self.move_block(1, 0)
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                        self.move_block(0, 1)
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                        self.rotate_block()

            # 绘制
            self.screen.fill((0, 0, 0))
            self.draw_next_block()
            self.draw_grid()
            self.draw_block(*self.current_block["pos"], self.current_block["block"])
            self.draw_score()

            # 更新游戏状态
            self.update()

            # 更新屏幕
            pygame.display.flip()

            # 控制帧率
            clock.tick(10)

        # 关闭pygame
        pygame.quit()


def start_game():
    game = TetrisGame()
    game.run()


# 创建tkinter窗口
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Tetris")

# 创建开始按钮
start_button = tk.Button(root, text="Start", command=start_game)
start_button.pack()

# 进入tkinter主循环
root.mainloop()

在上述示例中，我们定义了一个名为`TetrisGame`的类，它封装了整个游戏的逻辑。我们还定义了一个名为`start_game`的函数，用于创建一个`TetrisGame`对象并运行游戏。最后，我们使用tkinter创建一个名为`start_button`的按钮，并将其绑定到`start_game`函数上，以便在按下按钮时启动游戏。