stm32和lcd1602时间的程序

下面是一个简单的 STM32 和 LCD1602 时间显示程序，使用的是 STM32F103C8T6 开发板和 I2C 接口的 LCD1602 模块。

首先，需要初始化 STM32 的时钟和 I2C 接口。然后，在主循环中，获取当前时间并将其转换为字符串格式，最后将其显示在 LCD1602 屏幕上。

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "stm32f10x_rcc.h"
#include "stm32f10x_gpio.h"
#include "stm32f10x_i2c.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "stdio.h"

#define I2C1_PORT  GPIOB
#define I2C1_SCL   GPIO_Pin_6
#define I2C1_SDA   GPIO_Pin_7

#define LCD_ADDR   0x27

I2C_InitTypeDef I2C_InitStructure;

void I2C1_Init(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1, ENABLE);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = I2C1_SCL | I2C1_SDA;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(I2C1_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_OwnAddress1 = 0x00;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_ClockSpeed = 100000;
    I2C_Init(I2C1, &I2C_InitStructure);

    I2C_Cmd(I2C1, ENABLE);
}

void I2C1_WriteByte(uint8_t addr, uint8_t data)
{
    while (I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY));

    I2C_GenerateSTART(I2C1, ENABLE);
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT));

    I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, addr, I2C_Direction_Transmitter);
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED));

    I2C_SendData(I2C1, data);
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED));

    I2C_GenerateSTOP(I2C1, ENABLE);
}

void LCD_Init(void)
{
    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x00);
    delay_ms(15);

    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x30);
    delay_ms(5);

    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x30);
    delay_ms(1);

    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x30);
    delay_ms(1);

    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x20);
    delay_ms(1);

    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x28);
    delay_ms(1);

    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x08);
    delay_ms(1);

    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x01);
    delay_ms(2);

    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x06);
    delay_ms(1);

    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x0c);
    delay_ms(1);
}

void LCD_WriteChar(uint8_t data)
{
    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, (data & 0xf0) | 0x0d);
    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, (data << 4) | 0x0d);
}

void LCD_WriteString(char *str)
{
    while (*str)
    {
        LCD_WriteChar(*str++);
    }
}

void LCD_SetCursor(uint8_t row, uint8_t col)
{
    I2C1_WriteByte(LCD_ADDR, 0x80 | (row << 6) | col);
}

void RTC_Init(void)
{
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_PWR | RCC_APB1Periph_BKP, ENABLE);
    PWR_BackupAccessCmd(ENABLE);
    RCC_LSEConfig(RCC_LSE_ON);
    while (RCC_GetFlagStatus(RCC_FLAG_LSERDY) == RESET);
    RCC_RTCCLKConfig(RCC_RTCCLKSource_LSE);
    RCC_RTCCLKCmd(ENABLE);
    RTC_WaitForSynchro();
    RTC_WaitForLastTask();
    RTC_SetPrescaler(32767);
    RTC_WaitForLastTask();
    RTC_SetCounter(0);
    RTC_WaitForLastTask();
}

void RTC_GetTimeString(char *str)
{
    RTC_TimeTypeDef RTC_TimeStruct;

    RTC_GetTime(RTC_Format_BIN, &RTC_TimeStruct);

    sprintf(str, "%02d:%02d:%02d", RTC_TimeStruct.RTC_Hours, RTC_TimeStruct.RTC_Minutes, RTC_TimeStruct.RTC_Seconds);
}

void delay_ms(uint32_t ms)
{
    uint32_t i, j;

    for (i = 0; i < ms; i++)
    {
        for (j = 0; j < 7200; j++);
    }
}

int main(void)
{
    char time_str[9];

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);

    I2C1_Init();
    LCD_Init();
    RTC_Init();

    while (1)
    {
        RTC_GetTimeString(time_str);
        LCD_SetCursor(0, 0);
        LCD_WriteString(time_str);
        delay_ms(500);
    }
}