设计二叉树，要求： 1、表示二叉树树、节点的度、树的度、分支节点、叶子节点、孩子节点、双亲节点。 2、二叉树的基本运算和各种遍历算法的实现，包括先序遍历、中序遍历、后序遍历。

好的，下面是我为您设计的二叉树类：

class TreeNode:
    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value
        self.left = None
        self.right = None

class BinaryTree:
    def __init__(self):
        self.root = None
    
    # 插入节点
    def insert(self, value):
        node = TreeNode(value)
        if self.root is None:
            self.root = node
        else:
            curr = self.root
            while True:
                if value < curr.value:
                    if curr.left is None:
                        curr.left = node
                        break
                    else:
                        curr = curr.left
                else:
                    if curr.right is None:
                        curr.right = node
                        break
                    else:
                        curr = curr.right
    
    # 先序遍历
    def preorder_traversal(self, node):
        if node is not None:
            print(node.value, end=" ")
            self.preorder_traversal(node.left)
            self.preorder_traversal(node.right)
    
    # 中序遍历
    def inorder_traversal(self, node):
        if node is not None:
            self.inorder_traversal(node.left)
            print(node.value, end=" ")
            self.inorder_traversal(node.right)
    
    # 后序遍历
    def postorder_traversal(self, node):
        if node is not None:
            self.postorder_traversal(node.left)
            self.postorder_traversal(node.right)
            print(node.value, end=" ")
    
    # 计算节点的度
    def get_degree(self, node):
        degree = 0
        if node.left is not None:
            degree += 1
        if node.right is not None:
            degree += 1
        return degree
    
    # 计算树的度
    def get_tree_degree(self):
        degree = 0
        node_list = [self.root]
        while len(node_list) > 0:
            curr = node_list.pop(0)
            node_degree = self.get_degree(curr)
            if node_degree > degree:
                degree = node_degree
            if curr.left is not None:
                node_list.append(curr.left)
            if curr.right is not None:
                node_list.append(curr.right)
        return degree
    
    # 获取分支节点
    def get_branch_nodes(self):
        nodes = []
        node_list = [self.root]
        while len(node_list) > 0:
            curr = node_list.pop(0)
            if self.get_degree(curr) > 0:
                nodes.append(curr)
            if curr.left is not None:
                node_list.append(curr.left)
            if curr.right is not None:
                node_list.append(curr.right)
        return nodes
    
    # 获取叶子节点
    def get_leaf_nodes(self):
        nodes = []
        node_list = [self.root]
        while len(node_list) > 0:
            curr = node_list.pop(0)
            if self.get_degree(curr) == 0:
                nodes.append(curr)
            if curr.left is not None:
                node_list.append(curr.left)
            if curr.right is not None:
                node_list.append(curr.right)
        return nodes
    
    # 获取孩子节点
    def get_child_nodes(self, node):
        nodes = []
        if node.left is not None:
            nodes.append(node.left)
        if node.right is not None:
            nodes.append(node.right)
        return nodes
    
    # 获取双亲节点
    def get_parent_node(self, node):
        parent = None
        node_list = [self.root]
        while len(node_list) > 0:
            curr = node_list.pop(0)
            if curr.left == node or curr.right == node:
                parent = curr
                break
            if curr.left is not None:
                node_list.append(curr.left)
            if curr.right is not None:
                node_list.append(curr.right)
        return parent

其中，`TreeNode` 类表示二叉树的节点，包括节点的值、左右子节点。`BinaryTree` 类则表示二叉树，包括二叉树的根节点、插入节点、各种遍历算法的实现、计算节点度、计算树度、获取分支节点、获取叶子节点、获取孩子节点、获取双亲节点。您可以根据需要使用这些方法。