stm32l431使用 HAL库串口空闲中断和接收中断判断字符串“ER 0001 1”的代码

下面是基于HAL库的串口空闲中断和接收中断判断字符串“ER 0001 1”的代码：

#include "main.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

char rx_buffer[50];
int rx_index = 0;
uint8_t rx_data[1];

void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);

int main(void)
{
  HAL_Init();
  SystemClock_Config();
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();

  while (1)
  {
    // do something
  }
}

void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
  if (huart->Instance == USART1)
  {
    if (rx_data[0] != '\n')
    {
      rx_buffer[rx_index++] = rx_data[0];
    }
    else
    {
      rx_buffer[rx_index] = '\0';
      rx_index = 0;
      if (strstr(rx_buffer, "ER 0001 1") != NULL)
      {
        // matched
        printf("Matched!\r\n");
      }
    }
    HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, rx_data, 1);
  }
}

void HAL_UART_RxIdleCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
  if (huart->Instance == USART1)
  {
    HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(huart);
  }
}

static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, rx_data, 1);
}

static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_PIN_RESET);

  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_5;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage 
  */
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSE|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_MSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.LSEState = RCC_LSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.MSIState = RCC_MSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.MSIClockRange = RCC_MSIRANGE_6;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_MSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_4) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

在上面的代码中，我们使用了两个回调函数`HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback`和`HAL_UART_RxIdleCallback`。当有数据接收时，`HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback`函数被调用，将接收到的数据存储到`rx_buffer`中，并在接收到换行符时，判断是否匹配目标字符串“ER 0001 1”。当串口空闲时，`HAL_UART_RxIdleCallback`函数被调用，将数据传递给`HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback`处理。

需要注意的是，在初始化串口时，我们使用了`HAL_UART_Receive_IT`函数，使得每当有数据接收时，`HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback`函数会被自动调用。