怎么解决 File "<__array_function__ internals>", line 200, in broadcast_arrays File "D:\Python-3.8\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\stride_tricks.py", line 540, in broadcast_arrays shape = _broadcast_shape(*args) File "D:\Python-3.8\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\stride_tricks.py", line 422, in _broadcast_shape b = np.broadcast(*args[:32]) ValueError: shape mismatch: objects cannot be broadcast to a single shape. Mismatch is between arg 0 with shape (4,) and arg 1 with shape (3,).

你可以通过改变数组的形状来解决这个问题，使它们能够被广播到相同的形状。例如，你可以使用 `numpy.newaxis` 来为形状为 (4,) 的数组添加一个新的维度，使其变为形状为 (4, 1) 的二维数组，然后再进行广播操作。示例如下：

import numpy as np

a = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4])
b = np.array([1, 2, 3])

a = a[:, np.newaxis]  # 将 a 转换为形状为 (4, 1) 的二维数组
c = a + b             # 进行广播操作

print(c)

输出结果为：

array([[2, 3, 4],
       [3, 4, 5],
       [4, 5, 6],
       [5, 6, 7]])

这里将数组 a 转换为形状为 (4, 1) 的二维数组后，就可以和形状为 (3,) 的数组 b 进行广播操作了。

相关问题

File "D:/pycharm/projects/Pythoneeee/projects/d.py", line 65, in <module> coef_mat = np.column_stack((prob_theta, logit_fit.coef_[0], linear_fit.coef_[0])) File "<__array_function__ internals>", line 200, in column_stack File "D:\pycharm\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\shape_base.py", line 656, in column_stack return _nx.concatenate(arrays, 1) File "<__array_function__ internals>", line 200, in concatenate ValueError: all the input array dimensions except for the concatenation axis must match exactly, but along dimension 0, the array at index 0 has size 2 and the array at index 1 has size 10

这个错误提示是因为`prob_theta`和`logit_fit.coef_[0]`的维度不一致导致的。可以将`prob_theta`转换成`(n,1)`的矩阵，然后再进行列合并，这样就能保证每个数组在第0个维度上的长度一致了。具体代码如下：

prob_theta = prob_theta.reshape(-1, 1)
coef_mat = np.column_stack((prob_theta, logit_fit.coef_[0], linear_fit.coef_[0]))

这里的`reshape`方法将`prob_theta`转换成`(n,1)`的矩阵，其中`-1`表示自动计算维度大小，因为我们只需要将行数确定为`n`即可。

Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:/pycharm/projects/Pythoneeee/projects/d.py", line 65, in <module> coef_mat = np.column_stack((prob_fit.theta_.T, logit_fit.coef_, linear_fit.coef_)) # File "<__array_function__ internals>", line 200, in column_stack File "D:\pycharm\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\shape_base.py", line 656, in column_stack return _nx.concatenate(arrays, 1) File "<__array_function__ internals>", line 200, in concatenate ValueError: all the input array dimensions except for the concatenation axis must match exactly, but along dimension 0, the array at index 0 has size 10 and the array at index 1 has size 1

这个错误提示是因为`prob_fit.theta_`的维度是`(1, n)`，而`logit_fit.coef_`和`linear_fit.coef_`的维度是`(1,)`和`(1, m)`，所以无法直接进行列合并。可以使用`np.squeeze`方法将`prob_fit.theta_`的维度压缩成`(n,)`，然后再进行列合并。具体代码如下：

prob_theta = np.squeeze(prob_fit.theta_)
coef_mat = np.column_stack((prob_theta, logit_fit.coef_[0], linear_fit.coef_[0]))

这里的`np.squeeze`方法可以将维度为1的维度压缩掉，即将`(1, n)`的矩阵转换成`(n,)`的向量。