idx_to_char = list(set(corpus_chars)) char_to_idx = dict([(char, i) for i, char in enumerate(idx_to_char)])详细注释

这是一组代码，用于构建字符的索引和反索引。具体步骤是先将语料库中出现的所有字符去重，并将其转换为一个列表，然后通过枚举列表中的每个字符，构建一个字典，其中将字符作为 key，列表中对应的索引作为 value。通过这样的方式，可以将每个字符映射到一个唯一的整数索引。idx_to_char 就是将字符索引映射为字符本身的列表，而 char_to_idx 则是将字符映射为索引的字典。

相关问题

import torch import torch.nn as nn import torch.optim as optim import numpy as np 定义基本循环神经网络模型 class RNNModel(nn.Module): def init(self, rnn_type, input_size, hidden_size, output_size, num_layers=1): super(RNNModel, self).init() self.rnn_type = rnn_type self.input_size = input_size self.hidden_size = hidden_size self.output_size = output_size self.num_layers = num_layers self.encoder = nn.Embedding(input_size, hidden_size) if rnn_type == 'RNN': self.rnn = nn.RNN(hidden_size, hidden_size, num_layers) elif rnn_type == 'GRU': self.rnn = nn.GRU(hidden_size, hidden_size, num_layers) self.decoder = nn.Linear(hidden_size, output_size) def forward(self, input, hidden): input = self.encoder(input) output, hidden = self.rnn(input, hidden) output = output.view(-1, self.hidden_size) output = self.decoder(output) return output, hidden def init_hidden(self, batch_size): if self.rnn_type == 'RNN': return torch.zeros(self.num_layers, batch_size, self.hidden_size) elif self.rnn_type == 'GRU': return torch.zeros(self.num_layers, batch_size, self.hidden_size) 定义数据集 with open('汉语音节表.txt', encoding='utf-8') as f: chars = f.readline() chars = list(chars) idx_to_char = list(set(chars)) char_to_idx = dict([(char, i) for i, char in enumerate(idx_to_char)]) corpus_indices = [char_to_idx[char] for char in chars] 定义超参数 input_size = len(idx_to_char) hidden_size = 256 output_size = len(idx_to_char) num_layers = 1 batch_size = 32 num_steps = 5 learning_rate = 0.01 num_epochs = 100 定义模型、损失函数和优化器 model = RNNModel('RNN', input_size, hidden_size, output_size, num_layers) criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss() optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=learning_rate) 训练模型 for epoch in range(num_epochs): model.train() hidden = model.init_hidden(batch_size) loss = 0 for X, Y in data_iter_consecutive(corpus_indices, batch_size, num_steps): optimizer.zero_grad() hidden = hidden.detach() output, hidden = model(X, hidden) loss = criterion(output, Y.view(-1)) loss.backward() torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters(), max_norm=1.0) optimizer.step() if epoch % 10 == 0: print(f"Epoch {epoch}, Loss: {loss.item()}")请正确缩进代码

下面是正确缩进的代码：

import torch 
import torch.nn as nn 
import torch.optim as optim 
import numpy as np 

# 定义基本循环神经网络模型 
class RNNModel(nn.Module): 
    def __init__(self, rnn_type, input_size, hidden_size, output_size, num_layers=1): 
        super(RNNModel, self).__init__() 
        self.rnn_type = rnn_type 
        self.input_size = input_size 
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size 
        self.output_size = output_size 
        self.num_layers = num_layers 
        self.encoder = nn.Embedding(input_size, hidden_size) 
        if rnn_type == 'RNN': 
            self.rnn = nn.RNN(hidden_size, hidden_size, num_layers) 
        elif rnn_type == 'GRU': 
            self.rnn = nn.GRU(hidden_size, hidden_size, num_layers) 
        self.decoder = nn.Linear(hidden_size, output_size) 

    def forward(self, input, hidden): 
        input = self.encoder(input) 
        output, hidden = self.rnn(input, hidden) 
        output = output.view(-1, self.hidden_size) 
        output = self.decoder(output) 
        return output, hidden 

    def init_hidden(self, batch_size): 
        if self.rnn_type == 'RNN': 
            return torch.zeros(self.num_layers, batch_size, self.hidden_size) 
        elif self.rnn_type == 'GRU': 
            return torch.zeros(self.num_layers, batch_size, self.hidden_size) 

# 定义数据集 
with open('汉语音节表.txt', encoding='utf-8') as f: 
    chars = f.readline() 
    chars = list(chars) 
    idx_to_char = list(set(chars)) 
    char_to_idx = dict([(char, i) for i, char in enumerate(idx_to_char)]) 
    corpus_indices = [char_to_idx[char] for char in chars] 

# 定义超参数 
input_size = len(idx_to_char) 
hidden_size = 256 
output_size = len(idx_to_char) 
num_layers = 1 
batch_size = 32 
num_steps = 5 
learning_rate = 0.01 
num_epochs = 100 

# 定义模型、损失函数和优化器 
model = RNNModel('RNN', input_size, hidden_size, output_size, num_layers) 
criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss() 
optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=learning_rate) 

# 训练模型 
for epoch in range(num_epochs): 
    model.train() 
    hidden = model.init_hidden(batch_size) 
    loss = 0 
    for X, Y in data_iter_consecutive(corpus_indices, batch_size, num_steps): 
        optimizer.zero_grad() 
        hidden = hidden.detach() 
        output, hidden = model(X, hidden) 
        loss = criterion(output, Y.view(-1)) 
        loss.backward() 
        torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters(), max_norm=1.0) 
        optimizer.step() 
    if epoch % 10 == 0: 
        print(f"Epoch {epoch}, Loss: {loss.item()}")

# Compute fingerprints idx_to_fp_dict = { idx: get_fingerprint( drug_nodes.at[idx, "smiles"], self.fp_radius, self.fp_bits ) for idx in drug_nodes.index } drug_fps = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(idx_to_fp_dict, orient="index").set_index(drug_nodes.index) drug_fps.columns = ["fp_" + str(i) for i in range(self.fp_bits)]解释一下

这段代码用于计算分子指纹（fingerprint），以下是每行代码的解释：

1. `idx_to_fp_dict` 是一个字典，键是药物节点的索引，值是对应药物的分子指纹。
2. `get_fingerprint` 是一个函数，用于计算分子指纹。它的输入参数包括药物 SMILES 表示法、半径和位数。
3. `drug_nodes.index` 是药物节点的索引列表。
4. `for idx in drug_nodes.index` 表示对于每个药物节点索引，都要计算对应药物的指纹。
5. `drug_fps` 是一个 DataFrame，每行是一个药物节点的分子指纹。
6. `pd.DataFrame.from_dict` 是一个 pandas 函数，用于从字典创建 DataFrame。`orient="index"` 表示字典中的每个键值对对应 DataFrame 中的一行，而不是一列。
7. `.set_index(drug_nodes.index)` 将 DataFrame 的索引设置为药物节点的索引，以便将指纹与节点对应。
8. `drug_fps.columns = ["fp_" + str(i) for i in range(self.fp_bits)]` 将 DataFrame 列的名称设置为 "fp_0"、"fp_1"、...、"fp_n"，其中 n 是指纹位数。