.MSP430f149单片机的实时时钟代码 要求(1)可使用MSP430f149单片机内部定时器或实时时钟芯片DS1302; (2)基本显示:年、月、日、时、分、秒; (3)可调整时间，设置闹钟。

以下是使用MSP430f149单片机内部定时器的实时时钟代码：

#include <msp430f149.h>

#define SEC 0x00
#define MIN 0x01
#define HOUR 0x02
#define DAY 0x03
#define MONTH 0x04
#define YEAR 0x05

unsigned char sec, min, hour, day, month, year;

void set_rtc(unsigned char reg, unsigned char value) {
  while (!(UCB0IFG & UCTXIFG));     // Wait for the transmit buffer to be empty
  UCB0TXBUF = reg;                  // Send the register address
  while (!(UCB0IFG & UCTXIFG));     // Wait for the transmit buffer to be empty
  UCB0TXBUF = value;                // Send the value to be written
  while (UCB0STAT & UCNACKIFG);     // Wait for the acknowledge signal
}

unsigned char read_rtc(unsigned char reg) {
  while (!(UCB0IFG & UCTXIFG));     // Wait for the transmit buffer to be empty
  UCB0TXBUF = reg;                  // Send the register address
  while (!(UCB0IFG & UCTXIFG));     // Wait for the transmit buffer to be empty
  UCB0CTL1 |= UCTXSTT;              // Send a start condition
  while (UCB0CTL1 & UCTXSTT);       // Wait for the start condition to be transmitted
  UCB0CTL1 |= UCTXSTP;              // Send a stop condition
  return UCB0RXBUF;                 // Return the value read from the register
}

void init_i2c() {
  P3SEL |= BIT0 + BIT1;             // Set pins 3.0 and 3.1 to use I2C
  UCB0CTL1 |= UCSWRST;              // Put the I2C module into software reset
  UCB0CTL0 = UCMST + UCMODE_3 + UCSYNC; // Set the I2C module to master mode, I2C mode, and synchronous mode
  UCB0CTL1 = UCSSEL_2 + UCSWRST;    // Set the I2C module to use SMCLK and keep it in software reset
  UCB0BR0 = 10;                     // Set the I2C clock frequency to 100 kHz
  UCB0BR1 = 0;
  UCB0CTL1 &= ~UCSWRST;             // Take the I2C module out of software reset
}

void init_rtc() {
  set_rtc(0x8e, 0x00);              // Disable write protect
  set_rtc(0x80, 0x00);              // Turn off clock halt flag
  set_rtc(0x81, 0x00);              // Clear the alarm flag
  set_rtc(0x84, 0x00);              // Disable square wave output
  set_rtc(0x8e, 0x80);              // Enable write protect
}

void read_time() {
  sec = read_rtc(SEC);
  min = read_rtc(MIN);
  hour = read_rtc(HOUR);
  day = read_rtc(DAY);
  month = read_rtc(MONTH);
  year = read_rtc(YEAR);
}

void set_time(unsigned char new_sec, unsigned char new_min, unsigned char new_hour, unsigned char new_day, unsigned char new_month, unsigned char new_year) {
  set_rtc(0x8e, 0x00);              // Disable write protect
  set_rtc(SEC, new_sec);
  set_rtc(MIN, new_min);
  set_rtc(HOUR, new_hour);
  set_rtc(DAY, new_day);
  set_rtc(MONTH, new_month);
  set_rtc(YEAR, new_year);
  set_rtc(0x8e, 0x80);              // Enable write protect
}

void main() {
  WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD;         // Stop the watchdog timer
  BCSCTL1 = CALBC1_16MHZ;           // Set the DCO to 16 MHz
  DCOCTL = CALDCO_16MHZ;

  init_i2c();
  init_rtc();

  while (1) {
    read_time();

    // Display the time
    // ...

    __delay_cycles(1000000);        // Wait for 1 second
  }
}

要使用DS1302实时时钟芯片，你需要连接它到MSP430f149单片机。以下是DS1302的连接图：

MSP430f149        DS1302
--------         -------
P3.0 (SDA) <----> DATA
P3.1 (SCL) <----> SCLK
P3.2        <----> RST

以下是使用DS1302的实时时钟代码：

#include <msp430f149.h>

#define DS1302_SEC_REG 0x80
#define DS1302_MIN_REG 0x82
#define DS1302_HOUR_REG 0x84
#define DS1302_DAY_REG 0x86
#define DS1302_MONTH_REG 0x88
#define DS1302_YEAR_REG 0x8c
#define DS1302_WP_REG 0x8e

unsigned char sec, min, hour, day, month, year;

void ds1302_write(unsigned char reg, unsigned char value) {
  unsigned char i;

  P3OUT &= ~BIT2;                   // Bring the RST pin low
  __delay_cycles(1000);

  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    P3OUT &= ~BIT1;                 // Bring the SCLK pin low
    if (reg & (1 << i)) {
      P3OUT |= BIT0;                // Bring the DATA pin high if the bit is set
    } else {
      P3OUT &= ~BIT0;               // Bring the DATA pin low if the bit is not set
    }
    __delay_cycles(1000);
    P3OUT |= BIT1;                  // Bring the SCLK pin high
    __delay_cycles(1000);
  }

  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    P3OUT &= ~BIT1;                 // Bring the SCLK pin low
    if (value & (1 << i)) {
      P3OUT |= BIT0;                // Bring the DATA pin high if the bit is set
    } else {
      P3OUT &= ~BIT0;               // Bring the DATA pin low if the bit is not set
    }
    __delay_cycles(1000);
    P3OUT |= BIT1;                  // Bring the SCLK pin high
    __delay_cycles(1000);
  }

  P3OUT |= BIT2;                    // Bring the RST pin high
}

unsigned char ds1302_read(unsigned char reg) {
  unsigned char i, value = 0;

  P3OUT &= ~BIT2;                   // Bring the RST pin low
  __delay_cycles(1000);

  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    P3OUT &= ~BIT1;                 // Bring the SCLK pin low
    if (reg & (1 << i)) {
      P3OUT |= BIT0;                // Bring the DATA pin high if the bit is set
    } else {
      P3OUT &= ~BIT0;               // Bring the DATA pin low if the bit is not set
    }
    __delay_cycles(1000);
    P3OUT |= BIT1;                  // Bring the SCLK pin high
    __delay_cycles(1000);
  }

  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    P3OUT &= ~BIT1;                 // Bring the SCLK pin low
    if (P3IN & BIT0) {              // Read the value on the DATA pin
      value |= (1 << i);            // Set the bit if the value is high
    }
    __delay_cycles(1000);
    P3OUT |= BIT1;                  // Bring the SCLK pin high
    __delay_cycles(1000);
  }

  P3OUT |= BIT2;                    // Bring the RST pin high
  return value;
}

void read_time() {
  sec = ds1302_read(DS1302_SEC_REG);
  min = ds1302_read(DS1302_MIN_REG);
  hour = ds1302_read(DS1302_HOUR_REG);
  day = ds1302_read(DS1302_DAY_REG);
  month = ds1302_read(DS1302_MONTH_REG);
  year = ds1302_read(DS1302_YEAR_REG);
}

void set_time(unsigned char new_sec, unsigned char new_min, unsigned char new_hour, unsigned char new_day, unsigned char new_month, unsigned char new_year) {
  ds1302_write(DS1302_WP_REG, 0x00); // Disable write protect
  ds1302_write(DS1302_SEC_REG, new_sec);
  ds1302_write(DS1302_MIN_REG, new_min);
  ds1302_write(DS1302_HOUR_REG, new_hour);
  ds1302_write(DS1302_DAY_REG, new_day);
  ds1302_write(DS1302_MONTH_REG, new_month);
  ds1302_write(DS1302_YEAR_REG, new_year);
  ds1302_write(DS1302_WP_REG, 0x80); // Enable write protect
}

void main() {
  WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD;         // Stop the watchdog timer
  BCSCTL1 = CALBC1_16MHZ;           // Set the DCO to 16 MHz
  DCOCTL = CALDCO_16MHZ;

  P3DIR |= BIT0 + BIT1 + BIT2;      // Set pins 3.0, 3.1, and 3.2 to output
  P3OUT &= ~(BIT0 + BIT1 + BIT2);   // Bring pins 3.0, 3.1, and 3.2 low

  set_time(0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00); // Set the time to 00:00:00 on January 1, 2000

  while (1) {
    read_time();

    // Display the time
    // ...

    __delay_cycles(1000000);        // Wait for 1 second
  }
}

注意，这些代码只是示例代码，你需要根据你的实际需要进行修改和扩展。