return self.classes_[np.argmax(x, axis=1)]
时间: 2024-05-28 19:12:08 浏览: 21
这是一个基于概率最大化的分类器预测函数,输入参数 x 是一个二维数组,每一行表示一个样本的特征向量,每一列表示一个特征。函数通过 np.argmax(x, axis=1) 找出每个样本的预测标签,其中 axis=1 表示沿着第二个维度(即列)寻找最大值的索引。最后,函数返回每个样本的预测标签组成的一维数组。函数中的 self.classes_ 表示分类器的标签集合,np.argmax() 函数返回的是标签集合中的索引值,因此用 self.classes_[np.argmax(x, axis=1)] 可以将索引值转换为标签。
相关问题
下面的这段python代码,哪里有错误,修改一下:import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pandas as pd import torch import torch.nn as nn from torch.autograd import Variable from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler training_set = pd.read_csv('CX2-36_1971.csv') training_set = training_set.iloc[:, 1:2].values def sliding_windows(data, seq_length): x = [] y = [] for i in range(len(data) - seq_length): _x = data[i:(i + seq_length)] _y = data[i + seq_length] x.append(_x) y.append(_y) return np.array(x), np.array(y) sc = MinMaxScaler() training_data = sc.fit_transform(training_set) seq_length = 1 x, y = sliding_windows(training_data, seq_length) train_size = int(len(y) * 0.8) test_size = len(y) - train_size dataX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x))) dataY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y))) trainX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[1:train_size]))) trainY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[1:train_size]))) testX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[train_size:len(x)]))) testY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[train_size:len(y)]))) class LSTM(nn.Module): def __init__(self, num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers): super(LSTM, self).__init__() self.num_classes = num_classes self.num_layers = num_layers self.input_size = input_size self.hidden_size = hidden_size self.seq_length = seq_length self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size=input_size, hidden_size=hidden_size, num_layers=num_layers, batch_first=True) self.fc = nn.Linear(hidden_size, num_classes) def forward(self, x): h_0 = Variable(torch.zeros( self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size)) c_0 = Variable(torch.zeros( self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size)) # Propagate input through LSTM ula, (h_out, _) = self.lstm(x, (h_0, c_0)) h_out = h_out.view(-1, self.hidden_size) out = self.fc(h_out) return out num_epochs = 2000 learning_rate = 0.001 input_size = 1 hidden_size = 2 num_layers = 1 num_classes = 1 lstm = LSTM(num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers) criterion = torch.nn.MSELoss() # mean-squared error for regression optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(lstm.parameters(), lr=learning_rate) # optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(lstm.parameters(), lr=learning_rate) runn = 10 Y_predict = np.zeros((runn, len(dataY))) # Train the model for i in range(runn): print('Run: ' + str(i + 1)) for epoch in range(num_epochs): outputs = lstm(trainX) optimizer.zero_grad() # obtain the loss function loss = criterion(outputs, trainY) loss.backward() optimizer.step() if epoch % 100 == 0: print("Epoch: %d, loss: %1.5f" % (epoch, loss.item())) lstm.eval() train_predict = lstm(dataX) data_predict = train_predict.data.numpy() dataY_plot = dataY.data.numpy() data_predict = sc.inverse_transform(data_predict) dataY_plot = sc.inverse_transform(dataY_plot) Y_predict[i,:] = np.transpose(np.array(data_predict)) Y_Predict = np.mean(np.array(Y_predict)) Y_Predict_T = np.transpose(np.array(Y_Predict))
在这段代码中,可能存在以下错误:
1. 缺少必要的库或模块。
2. training_set 的文件路径是否正确。
3. training_set 的数据处理是否正确。
4. LSTM 模型的定义是否正确。
5. 训练和预测的代码是否正确。
下面是修改后的代码:
```python
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.autograd import Variable
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
# 读取数据
training_set = pd.read_csv('CX2-36_1971.csv')
training_set = training_set.iloc[:, 1:2].values
# 定义数据处理函数
def sliding_windows(data, seq_length):
x = []
y = []
for i in range(len(data) - seq_length):
_x = data[i:(i + seq_length)]
_y = data[i + seq_length]
x.append(_x)
y.append(_y)
return np.array(x), np.array(y)
# 对数据进行归一化处理
sc = MinMaxScaler()
training_data = sc.fit_transform(training_set)
# 定义窗口长度
seq_length = 1
# 对数据进行窗口划分
x, y = sliding_windows(training_data, seq_length)
# 划分训练集和测试集
train_size = int(len(y) * 0.8)
test_size = len(y) - train_size
dataX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x)))
dataY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y)))
trainX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[1:train_size])))
trainY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[1:train_size])))
testX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[train_size:len(x)])))
testY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[train_size:len(y)])))
# 定义 LSTM 模型
class LSTM(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers):
super(LSTM, self).__init__()
self.num_classes = num_classes
self.num_layers = num_layers
self.input_size = input_size
self.hidden_size = hidden_size
self.seq_length = seq_length
self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size=input_size, hidden_size=hidden_size,
num_layers=num_layers, batch_first=True)
self.fc = nn.Linear(hidden_size, num_classes)
def forward(self, x):
h_0 = Variable(torch.zeros(
self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size))
c_0 = Variable(torch.zeros(
self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size))
# Propagate input through LSTM
ula, (h_out, _) = self.lstm(x, (h_0, c_0))
h_out = h_out.view(-1, self.hidden_size)
out = self.fc(h_out)
return out
# 定义训练参数
num_epochs = 2000
learning_rate = 0.001
input_size = 1
hidden_size = 2
num_layers = 1
num_classes = 1
# 实例化 LSTM 模型
lstm = LSTM(num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers)
# 定义损失函数和优化器
criterion = torch.nn.MSELoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(lstm.parameters(), lr=learning_rate)
# 训练模型
runn = 10
Y_predict = np.zeros((runn, len(dataY)))
for i in range(runn):
print('Run: ' + str(i + 1))
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
outputs = lstm(trainX)
optimizer.zero_grad()
loss = criterion(outputs, trainY)
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
if epoch % 100 == 0:
print("Epoch: %d, loss: %1.5f" % (epoch, loss.item()))
lstm.eval()
train_predict = lstm(dataX)
data_predict = train_predict.data.numpy()
dataY_plot = dataY.data.numpy()
# 对结果进行反归一化
data_predict = sc.inverse_transform(data_predict)
dataY_plot = sc.inverse_transform(dataY_plot)
Y_predict[i,:] = np.transpose(np.array(data_predict))
Y_Predict = np.mean(Y_predict, axis=0)
Y_Predict_T = np.transpose(np.array(Y_Predict))
```
class LogisticRegression(object): def __init__(self, input_size, output_size, eta, max_epoch, eps):
class LogisticRegression:
def __init__(self, input_size, output_size, eta=0.01, max_epoch=1000, eps=1e-5):
"""
Constructor for the LogisticRegression class.
:param input_size: int, size of the input data
:param output_size: int, number of output classes
:param eta: float, learning rate (default=0.01)
:param max_epoch: int, maximum number of epochs (default=1000)
:param eps: float, convergence threshold (default=1e-5)
"""
self.input_size = input_size
self.output_size = output_size
self.eta = eta
self.max_epoch = max_epoch
self.eps = eps
self.weights = None
self.bias = None
def fit(self, X, y):
"""
Fit the logistic regression model on the training data.
:param X: numpy array of shape (n_samples, input_size), input data
:param y: numpy array of shape (n_samples,), target labels
"""
n_samples = X.shape[0]
self.weights = np.zeros((self.input_size, self.output_size))
self.bias = np.zeros((1, self.output_size))
for epoch in range(self.max_epoch):
# Forward pass
z = np.dot(X, self.weights) + self.bias
y_pred = self._softmax(z)
# Backward pass
error = y_pred - self._onehot(y, self.output_size)
grad_weights = np.dot(X.T, error)
grad_bias = np.sum(error, axis=0, keepdims=True)
# Update weights and bias
self.weights -= self.eta * grad_weights
self.bias -= self.eta * grad_bias
# Check for convergence
if np.max(np.abs(grad_weights)) < self.eps:
break
def predict(self, X):
"""
Predict the class labels for the input data.
:param X: numpy array of shape (n_samples, input_size), input data
:return: numpy array of shape (n_samples,), predicted class labels
"""
z = np.dot(X, self.weights) + self.bias
y_pred = self._softmax(z)
return np.argmax(y_pred, axis=1)
def _softmax(self, z):
"""
Compute the softmax activation function.
:param z: numpy array of shape (n_samples, output_size), input data
:return: numpy array of shape (n_samples, output_size), output of the softmax function
"""
exp_z = np.exp(z - np.max(z, axis=1, keepdims=True))
return exp_z / np.sum(exp_z, axis=1, keepdims=True)
def _onehot(self, y, output_size):
"""
Convert the target labels to one-hot encoding.
:param y: numpy array of shape (n_samples,), target labels
:param output_size: int, number of output classes
:return: numpy array of shape (n_samples, output_size), one-hot encoding of the target labels
"""
onehot = np.zeros((len(y), output_size))
onehot[np.arange(len(y)), y] = 1
return onehot
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