通过编写和调试磁盘调度程序,加深对磁盘调度算法的理解,进一步掌握先来先服务FCFS,最短寻道时间优先SSTF,SCAN和循环SCAN算法的实现方法,并写出详细代码及相关注释
时间: 2024-12-20 12:15:32 浏览: 29
磁盘调度是操作系统中一项关键任务,它负责决定哪个I/O请求应该首先被服务,以便优化硬盘访问效率。常见的磁盘调度算法有FCFS(First-Come, First-Served,先进先出)、SSTF(Shortest Seek Time First,最短寻道时间优先)、SCAN 和 CIRCLE SCAN(循环SCAN)。
以下是一个简单的示例,展示了如何用C语言模拟这四种算法的基本思路:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
typedef struct {
int request_id;
double seek_time; // 假设这是每个请求的寻道时间
} DiskRequest;
// 按照某种调度策略排序请求
int compare_requests(const void *a, const void *b) {
DiskRequest *req_a = (DiskRequest *)a;
DiskRequest *req_b = (DiskRequest *)b;
return req_a->seek_time - req_b->seek_time;
}
void fcfs(DiskRequest requests[], int num_requests) {
qsort(requests, num_requests, sizeof(DiskRequest), compare_requests);
for (int i = 0; i < num_requests; i++) {
printf("Processing request %d with seek time %f\n",
requests[i].request_id, requests[i].seek_time);
}
}
void sstf(DiskRequest requests[], int num_requests) {
// 这里只是一个简化的版本,实际SSTF可能需要维护一个最小队列
DiskRequest min_req;
min_req.seek_time = INT_MAX;
for (int i = 0; i < num_requests; i++) {
if (requests[i].seek_time < min_req.seek_time) {
min_req = requests[i];
}
printf("Processing request %d with seek time %f\n",
min_req.request_id, min_req.seek_time);
}
}
void scan(DiskRequest requests[], int num_requests) {
// SCAN从左到右扫描,然后回扫
for (int i = 0; i <= num_requests / 2; i++) {
printf("Processing request %d\n", requests[i].request_id);
}
for (int i = num_requests - 1; i >= num_requests / 2; i--) {
printf("Processing request %d\n", requests[i].request_id);
}
}
void circle_scan(DiskRequest requests[], int num_requests) {
// 循环SCAN类似 SCAN,但每次结束时移动到下一个位置
int pos = 0;
while (!all_processed(requests, num_requests)) {
for (int i = pos; i < num_requests; i++, pos = (i + 1) % num_requests) {
printf("Processing request %d\n", requests[i].request_id);
}
}
}
// 判断所有请求是否都处理完毕
bool all_processed(DiskRequest requests[], int num_requests) {
for (int i = 0; i < num_requests; i++) {
if (requests[i].request_id != num_requests) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// 示例使用
int main() {
int num_requests = 5;
DiskRequest requests[num_requests] = { {1, 1}, {2, 2}, {3, 3}, {4, 4}, {5, 5} }; // 请求列表,假设都是随机生成的
srand(time(0));
fcfs(requests, num_requests);
sstf(requests, num_requests);
scan(requests, num_requests);
circle_scan(requests, num_requests);
return 0;
}
```
这个例子提供了基本的框架,但实际上,更复杂的磁盘调度算法可能会涉及到优先级队列、并发控制等概念。运行此代码后,你可以看到每个算法按照其策略执行顺序。
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