基于stm32产生pwm波模拟输出方波，三角波和正弦波的程序编码

以下是基于STM32产生PWM波形的程序示例，其中包括方波、三角波和正弦波：

#include "stm32f10x.h"

#define PI 3.1415926
#define SAMPLE_NUM 256

uint16_t sin_table[SAMPLE_NUM];

void TIM3_PWM_Init(uint16_t arr, uint16_t psc);
void TIM3_DAC_Init(uint16_t arr, uint16_t psc);
void TIM3_Sin_Init(uint16_t arr, uint16_t psc);
void Sin_Table_Init(void);

int main(void)
{
    // 初始化系统时钟
    SystemInit();

    // 初始化PWM波形输出
    TIM3_PWM_Init(1000 - 1, 72 - 1);

    // 初始化DAC波形输出
    TIM3_DAC_Init(1000 - 1, 72 - 1);

    // 初始化正弦波表格
    Sin_Table_Init();

    // 初始化正弦波输出
    TIM3_Sin_Init(1000 - 1, 72 - 1);

    while (1)
    {
    }
}

// 初始化PWM波形输出
void TIM3_PWM_Init(uint16_t arr, uint16_t psc)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
    TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;

    // 使能TIM3和GPIOB时钟
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);

    // 配置PB5为复用输出PWM波形
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 定时器TIM3初始化
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = psc;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
    TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

    // PWM模式初始化
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = arr / 2;
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
    TIM_OC2Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure);

    // 使能TIM3预装载寄存器ARR和CCR2
    TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable);
    TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM3, ENABLE);

    // 启动TIM3
    TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);
}

// 初始化DAC波形输出
void TIM3_DAC_Init(uint16_t arr, uint16_t psc)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
    TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
    DAC_InitTypeDef DAC_InitStructure;

    // 使能TIM3、GPIOB和DAC时钟
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_DAC, ENABLE);

    // 配置PB4为复用输出DAC波形
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 定时器TIM3初始化
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = psc;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
    TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

    // PWM模式初始化
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = 0;
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
    TIM_OC2Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure);

    // 使能TIM3预装载寄存器ARR和CCR2
    TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable);
    TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM3, ENABLE);

    // DAC通道1初始化
    DAC_InitStructure.DAC_Trigger = DAC_Trigger_T2_TRGO;
    DAC_InitStructure.DAC_WaveGeneration = DAC_WaveGeneration_None;
    DAC_InitStructure.DAC_OutputBuffer = DAC_OutputBuffer_Enable;
    DAC_Init(DAC_Channel_1, &DAC_InitStructure);

    // 启动TIM3
    TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);

    // 启动DAC
    DAC_Cmd(DAC_Channel_1, ENABLE);
}

// 初始化正弦波表格
void Sin_Table_Init(void)
{
    uint16_t i;

    for (i = 0; i < SAMPLE_NUM; i++)
    {
        sin_table[i] = (uint16_t)(2048 * (1 + sin(i * PI / 128)));
    }
}

// 初始化正弦波输出
void TIM3_Sin_Init(uint16_t arr, uint16_t psc)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
    TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
    DAC_InitTypeDef DAC_InitStructure;
    DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure;

    // 使能TIM3、GPIOB、DMA1和DAC时钟
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_DAC, ENABLE);
    RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_DMA1, ENABLE);

    // 配置PB4为复用输出DAC波形
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 定时器TIM3初始化
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = arr;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = psc;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
    TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);

    // PWM模式初始化
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = 0;
    TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
    TIM_OC2Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStructure);

    // 使能TIM3预装载寄存器ARR和CCR2
    TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable);
    TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM3, ENABLE);

    // DAC通道1初始化
    DAC_InitStructure.DAC_Trigger = DAC_Trigger_T2_TRGO;
    DAC_InitStructure.DAC_WaveGeneration = DAC_WaveGeneration_None;
    DAC_InitStructure.DAC_OutputBuffer = DAC_OutputBuffer_Enable;
    DAC_Init(DAC_Channel_1, &DAC_InitStructure);

    // DMA1通道3初始化
    DMA_DeInit(DMA1_Channel3);
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = (uint32_t)&DAC->DHR12R1;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (uint32_t)sin_table;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralDST;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = SAMPLE_NUM;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_HalfWord;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_HalfWord;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;
    DMA_Init(DMA1_Channel3, &DMA_InitStructure);

    // 启动TIM3
    TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);

    // 启动DAC
    DAC_Cmd(DAC_Channel_1, ENABLE);

    // 启动DMA
    DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Channel3, ENABLE);
}

在上述代码中，我们使用了TIM3定时器和DAC模块来产生PWM波形、三角波和正弦波。其中，PWM波形和三角波的产生方式类似，都是使用定时器的PWM模式，而正弦波的产生则是通过DAC模块配合DMA传输正弦波表格数据实现的。需要注意的是，在使用DAC模块时，我们需要将DMA的传输方向设置为“外设作为数据传输目的地”，也就是将正弦波数据发送到DAC的数据寄存器中。