多文件C++21点游戏

好的，这里是一个用多文件编写的C++ 21点游戏示例程序。

首先，我们将把游戏逻辑和UI分别放在两个不同的文件中。在 `game.cpp` 文件中，我们将定义 `Game` 类，该类将处理游戏逻辑。在 `ui.cpp` 文件中，我们将定义 `UI` 类，该类将处理用户界面。

### game.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
#include "game.h"

using namespace std;

Game::Game() {
    srand(time(NULL));
    deck = vector<int>(52, 0);
    shuffleDeck();
    playerCards = vector<int>();
    dealerCards = vector<int>();
}

void Game::shuffleDeck() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 52; i++) {
        deck[i] = i;
    }

    for (int i = 51; i > 0; i--) {
        int j = rand() % (i + 1);
        swap(deck[i], deck[j]);
    }
}

int Game::getCardValue(int card) {
    int value = (card % 13) + 1;
    if (value > 10) {
        value = 10;
    }
    return value;
}

int Game::getHandValue(vector<int>& cards) {
    int value = 0;
    int numAces = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i < cards.size(); i++) {
        int cardValue = getCardValue(cards[i]);
        if (cardValue == 1) {
            numAces++;
        }
        value += cardValue;
    }

    while (numAces > 0 && value + 10 <= 21) {
        value += 10;
        numAces--;
    }

    return value;
}

int Game::dealCard() {
    int card = deck.back();
    deck.pop_back();
    return card;
}

void Game::dealInitialCards() {
    playerCards.push_back(dealCard());
    dealerCards.push_back(dealCard());
    playerCards.push_back(dealCard());
    dealerCards.push_back(dealCard());
}

bool Game::isBlackjack(vector<int>& cards) {
    return cards.size() == 2 && getHandValue(cards) == 21;
}

bool Game::isBust(vector<int>& cards) {
    return getHandValue(cards) > 21;
}

bool Game::isDealerDone() {
    return getHandValue(dealerCards) >= 17;
}

void Game::playerHit() {
    playerCards.push_back(dealCard());
}

void Game::dealerHit() {
    dealerCards.push_back(dealCard());
}

int Game::getPlayerScore() {
    return getHandValue(playerCards);
}

int Game::getDealerScore() {
    return getHandValue(dealerCards);
}

int Game::getPlayerCardCount() {
    return playerCards.size();
}

int Game::getDealerCardCount() {
    return dealerCards.size();
}

bool Game::isGameOver() {
    return isBust(playerCards) || isBlackjack(playerCards) || !isDealerDone();
}

int Game::getGameResult() {
    if (isBust(playerCards)) {
        return -1;
    } else if (isBlackjack(playerCards) && isBlackjack(dealerCards)) {
        return 0;
    } else if (isBlackjack(playerCards)) {
        return 1;
    } else if (isBlackjack(dealerCards)) {
        return -1;
    } else if (isBust(dealerCards)) {
        return 1;
    } else if (getHandValue(playerCards) > getHandValue(dealerCards)) {
        return 1;
    } else if (getHandValue(playerCards) < getHandValue(dealerCards)) {
        return -1;
    } else {
        return 0;
    }
}

在 `game.h` 文件中，我们将定义 `Game` 类的接口。

### game.h

#include <vector>

class Game {
public:
    Game();
    void shuffleDeck();
    int getCardValue(int card);
    int getHandValue(std::vector<int>& cards);
    int dealCard();
    void dealInitialCards();
    bool isBlackjack(std::vector<int>& cards);
    bool isBust(std::vector<int>& cards);
    bool isDealerDone();
    void playerHit();
    void dealerHit();
    int getPlayerScore();
    int getDealerScore();
    int getPlayerCardCount();
    int getDealerCardCount();
    bool isGameOver();
    int getGameResult();

private:
    std::vector<int> deck;
    std::vector<int> playerCards;
    std::vector<int> dealerCards;
};

现在，我们将编写处理用户界面的 `UI` 类。在 `ui.cpp` 文件中，我们将定义 `UI` 类，该类将处理用户界面。

### ui.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "game.h"
#include "ui.h"

using namespace std;

UI::UI() {
    game = Game();
}

void UI::start() {
    cout << "Welcome to 21!" << endl;
    while (true) {
        playRound();
        if (!playAgain()) {
            break;
        }
    }
}

void UI::playRound() {
    game.shuffleDeck();
    game.dealInitialCards();

    cout << "Player's cards: ";
    printCards(game.playerCards);

    cout << "Dealer's cards: ";
    printDealerCards(game.dealerCards);

    while (true) {
        if (game.isGameOver()) {
            break;
        }

        if (getPlayerAction() == 'h') {
            game.playerHit();
            cout << "Player's cards: ";
            printCards(game.playerCards);
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }

    while (!game.isGameOver()) {
        game.dealerHit();
        cout << "Dealer's cards: ";
        printDealerCards(game.dealerCards);
    }

    int result = game.getGameResult();
    if (result == 1) {
        cout << "You win!" << endl;
    } else if (result == -1) {
        cout << "You lose!" << endl;
    } else {
        cout << "Push!" << endl;
    }
}

char UI::getPlayerAction() {
    char action;
    while (true) {
        cout << "Do you want to (h)it or (s)tand? ";
        cin >> action;
        if (action == 'h' || action == 's') {
            break;
        }
    }
    return action;
}

bool UI::playAgain() {
    char response;
    while (true) {
        cout << "Do you want to play again? (y/n) ";
        cin >> response;
        if (response == 'y' || response == 'n') {
            break;
        }
    }
    return response == 'y';
}

void UI::printCards(vector<int>& cards) {
    for (int i = 0; i < cards.size(); i++) {
        cout << getCardString(cards[i]) << " ";
    }
    cout << "(" << game.getHandValue(cards) << ")" << endl;
}

void UI::printDealerCards(vector<int>& cards) {
    cout << getCardString(cards[0]) << " X";
    for (int i = 2; i < cards.size(); i++) {
        cout << " " << getCardString(cards[i]);
    }
    cout << endl;
}

string UI::getCardString(int card) {
    static string suits[] = {"C", "D", "H", "S"};
    static string ranks[] = {"A", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "J", "Q", "K"};
    return ranks[card % 13] + suits[card / 13];
}

在 `ui.h` 文件中，我们将定义 `UI` 类的接口。

### ui.h

#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "game.h"

class UI {
public:
    UI();
    void start();

private:
    Game game;
    void playRound();
    char getPlayerAction();
    bool playAgain();
    void printCards(std::vector<int>& cards);
    void printDealerCards(std::vector<int>& cards);
    std::string getCardString(int card);
};

现在，我们需要创建一个入口点，该入口点将创建 `UI` 对象并调用 `start` 方法。

### main.cpp

#include "ui.h"

int main() {
    UI ui;
    ui.start();
    return 0;
}

现在我们已经完成了一个用多个文件编写的21点游戏示例程序。