告诉我怎么用c++实现四叉树
时间: 2023-09-10 16:06:16 浏览: 52
实现四叉树需要以下步骤:
1. 定义四叉树节点结构体,包含四个指针分别指向左上、右上、左下、右下四个子节点,以及需要存储的数据。
```c
typedef struct QuadTree{
int data;
struct QuadTree *nw, *ne, *sw, *se;
} QuadTree;
```
2. 实现插入数据的函数,根据插入数据的位置递归地分裂节点并插入数据。
```c
QuadTree* insert(QuadTree *root, int data, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2){
if(x1 > x2 || y1 > y2) return NULL;
if(root == NULL){
root = (QuadTree*)malloc(sizeof(QuadTree));
root->data = data;
root->nw = root->ne = root->sw = root->se = NULL;
return root;
}
if(x1 == x2 && y1 == y2){
root->data = data;
return root;
}
int midx = (x1 + x2) / 2;
int midy = (y1 + y2) / 2;
if(x1 <= midx && y1 <= midy){
root->nw = insert(root->nw, data, x1, y1, midx, midy);
}else if(x1 <= midx && y2 > midy){
root->sw = insert(root->sw, data, x1, midy+1, midx, y2);
}else if(x2 > midx && y1 <= midy){
root->ne = insert(root->ne, data, midx+1, y1, x2, midy);
}else{
root->se = insert(root->se, data, midx+1, midy+1, x2, y2);
}
return root;
}
```
3. 实现查询数据的函数,根据查询范围递归地查询数据。
```c
void query(QuadTree *root, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2){
if(root == NULL) return;
if(x1 <= 0 && y1 <= 0 && x2 >= 10 && y2 >= 10){
printf("%d\n", root->data);
return;
}
int midx = (x1 + x2) / 2;
int midy = (y1 + y2) / 2;
if(x1 <= midx && y1 <= midy){
query(root->nw, x1, y1, midx, midy);
}
if(x1 <= midx && y2 > midy){
query(root->sw, x1, midy+1, midx, y2);
}
if(x2 > midx && y1 <= midy){
query(root->ne, midx+1, y1, x2, midy);
}
if(x2 > midx && y2 > midy){
query(root->se, midx+1, midy+1, x2, y2);
}
}
```
以上就是用C语言实现四叉树的基本步骤。
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