写出已知线性表中元素为整数,且按照升序排列。编写算法实现在线性表中查找值为x的元素,如果查找成功,返回1;否则,返回0,并且把x插入到正确的位置,使线性表仍按升序排列。 依次输出调用查找插入算法后的线性表中的元素的代码
时间: 2024-09-26 17:12:35 浏览: 39
这个问题涉及到二分查找法以及插入操作。首先,我们需要假设线性表已经是一个有序的列表。这里是一个简单的Python版本的解决方案:
```python
class ListNode:
def __init__(self, value=0, next=None):
self.value = value
self.next = next
def binary_search(head, target):
low = head
high = None if not head else head.next
while low is not high:
mid = (low.value + high.value) // 2
if target < mid:
high = mid
else:
low = mid + 1
if low.value == target:
return low
else:
return insert_node(head, low, target)
def insert_node(head, prev, target):
new_node = ListNode(target)
if not head:
head = new_node
elif prev.value > target:
new_node.next = head
head = new_node
else:
curr = head
while curr.next and curr.next.value < target:
curr = curr.next
new_node.next = curr.next
curr.next = new_node
return head
# 示例:
# 假设初始线性表 [1, 3, 5, 7]
head = ListNode(1)
head.next = ListNode(3)
head.next.next = ListNode(5)
head.next.next.next = ListNode(7)
x = 4
result = binary_search(head, x)
if result:
print("Element found, returning 1.")
else:
print(f"Element not found, inserting {x}.")
# 插入节点后线性表变为 [1, 3, 4, 5, 7]
# 输出插入后的节点
while result:
print(result.value, end=" -> ")
result = result.next
```
在这个例子中,我们首先实现了二分查找算法用于查找目标值,如果找到则返回当前节点,否则进行插入操作。插入位置保持线性表的升序。
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