俄罗斯方块完整Python代码

以下是一个基于Python的俄罗斯方块游戏的完整代码：

import pygame
import random

# 定义一些常量
SCREEN_WIDTH = 640
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480
BLOCK_SIZE = 20
BOARD_WIDTH = 10
BOARD_HEIGHT = 20
FPS = 30
COLORS = [
    (0, 0, 0),
    (255, 0, 0),
    (0, 255, 0),
    (0, 0, 255),
    (255, 255, 0),
    (255, 0, 255),
    (0, 255, 255),
    (128, 128, 128)
]

# 定义方块类
class Block:
    def __init__(self, x, y, shape):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.shape = shape

# 定义游戏类
class Tetris:
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.init()
        pygame.display.set_caption("俄罗斯方块")
        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))
        self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
        self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 30)
        self.board = [[0] * BOARD_WIDTH for _ in range(BOARD_HEIGHT)]
        self.current_block = self.get_new_block()
        self.next_block = self.get_new_block()
        self.score = 0
        self.game_over = False

    # 获取一个新的方块
    def get_new_block(self):
        shapes = [
            [[1, 1, 1], [0, 1, 0]],
            [[0, 2, 2], [2, 2, 0]],
            [[3, 3, 0], [0, 3, 3]],
            [[4, 0, 0], [4, 4, 4]],
            [[0, 0, 5], [5, 5, 5]],
            [[6, 6, 6, 6]],
            [[7, 7], [7, 7]]
        ]
        shape = random.choice(shapes)
        x = BOARD_WIDTH // 2 - len(shape[0]) // 2
        y = 0
        return Block(x, y, shape)

    # 判断方块是否与边界或已有方块重叠
    def is_valid_position(self, block):
        for i in range(len(block.shape)):
            for j in range(len(block.shape[i])):
                if block.shape[i][j] != 0:
                    x = block.x + j
                    y = block.y + i
                    if x < 0 or x >= BOARD_WIDTH or y >= BOARD_HEIGHT or self.board[y][x] != 0:
                        return False
        return True

    # 旋转方块
    def rotate_block(self, block):
        new_shape = []
        for i in range(len(block.shape[0])):
            new_row = []
            for j in range(len(block.shape)):
                new_row.append(block.shape[len(block.shape) - j - 1][i])
            new_shape.append(new_row)
        return Block(block.x, block.y, new_shape)

    # 消除满行
    def clear_full_rows(self):
        rows_cleared = 0
        for i in range(len(self.board)):
            if all(self.board[i]):
                del self.board[i]
                self.board.insert(0, [0] * BOARD_WIDTH)
                rows_cleared += 1
        self.score += rows_cleared * 100

    # 绘制游戏界面
    def draw(self):
        self.screen.fill(COLORS[0])
        for i in range(len(self.board)):
            for j in range(len(self.board[i])):
                if self.board[i][j] != 0:
                    pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, COLORS[self.board[i][j]], pygame.Rect(j * BLOCK_SIZE, i * BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE), 0)
        for i in range(len(self.current_block.shape)):
            for j in range(len(self.current_block.shape[i])):
                if self.current_block.shape[i][j] != 0:
                    pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, COLORS[self.current_block.shape[i][j]], pygame.Rect((self.current_block.x + j) * BLOCK_SIZE, (self.current_block.y + i) * BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE), 0)
        next_block_text = self.font.render("NEXT BLOCK:", True, COLORS[7])
        score_text = self.font.render("SCORE: {}".format(self.score), True, COLORS[7])
        self.screen.blit(next_block_text, (SCREEN_WIDTH - 180, 50))
        self.screen.blit(score_text, (SCREEN_WIDTH - 180, 150))
        for i in range(len(self.next_block.shape)):
            for j in range(len(self.next_block.shape[i])):
                if self.next_block.shape[i][j] != 0:
                    pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, COLORS[self.next_block.shape[i][j]], pygame.Rect((SCREEN_WIDTH - 150) + j * BLOCK_SIZE, 200 + i * BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE), 0)
        pygame.display.update()

    # 运行游戏
    def run(self):
        while not self.game_over:
            self.clock.tick(FPS)
            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                    self.game_over = True
                if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                    if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                        self.current_block.x -= 1
                        if not self.is_valid_position(self.current_block):
                            self.current_block.x += 1
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                        self.current_block.x += 1
                        if not self.is_valid_position(self.current_block):
                            self.current_block.x -= 1
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                        rotated_block = self.rotate_block(self.current_block)
                        if self.is_valid_position(rotated_block):
                            self.current_block = rotated_block
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                        self.current_block.y += 1
                        if not self.is_valid_position(self.current_block):
                            self.current_block.y -= 1
            if not self.is_valid_position(self.current_block):
                for i in range(len(self.current_block.shape)):
                    for j in range(len(self.current_block.shape[i])):
                        if self.current_block.shape[i][j] != 0:
                            x = self.current_block.x + j
                            y = self.current_block.y + i
                            self.board[y][x] = self.current_block.shape[i][j]
                self.clear_full_rows()
                self.current_block = self.next_block
                self.next_block = self.get_new_block()
                if not self.is_valid_position(self.current_block):
                    self.game_over = True
            self.current_block.y += 1
            self.draw()
        game_over_text = self.font.render("GAME OVER", True, COLORS[1])
        self.screen.blit(game_over_text, (SCREEN_WIDTH // 2 - 75, SCREEN_HEIGHT // 2))
        pygame.display.update()
        pygame.time.wait(2000)
        pygame.quit()

# 启动游戏
if __name__ == "__main__":
    game = Tetris()
    game.run()

该代码使用了 Pygame 库来实现游戏界面和交互，核心逻辑包括：

- Block 类：用来表示方块的位置和形状。
- Tetris 类：用来表示整个游戏，包括界面绘制、方块的移动和旋转、消除满行等逻辑。
- 一些常量：包括窗口大小、方块大小、游戏区域大小、颜色等。
- 主程序：创建 Tetris 对象并启动游戏。

该代码实现的俄罗斯方块游戏具有基本的功能，但仍有许多改进的空间，比如可以增加更多种类的方块、音效、计时器等。