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The `typedef` keyword in C is used to create a synonym or alias for existing data types. It allows you to create a new name for an existing type, which can be helpful for creating more meaningful and descriptive names.

For example, you can use `typedef` to create an alias for the `int` data type:

typedef int myInt;

Now, `myInt` can be used as a synonym for `int`. You can declare variables using this new name:

myInt x = 5;

This is equivalent to declaring an `int` variable:

int x = 5;

The primary purpose of `typedef` is to improve code readability and maintainability by providing more descriptive names for types. It can also make code easier to understand, especially when dealing with complex data structures or function pointers.