怎么用R语言plot, curve, lines 函数画出由直线 y = 2x - 3, x=8 和 y=1 围成的三角形
时间: 2023-11-18 16:04:12 浏览: 139
可以使用以下代码:
```R
# 绘制直线 y = 2x - 3
curve(2*x - 3, from = -5, to = 10, xlab = "", ylab = "", type = "l")
# 绘制垂线 x = 8
abline(v = 8)
# 绘制水平线 y = 1
abline(h = 1)
# 绘制三角形
lines(c(-5, 8, 8, -5), c(1, 1, 2*8-3, 1), type = "l")
```
解释一下以上代码:
- `curve(2*x - 3, from = -5, to = 10, xlab = "", ylab = "", type = "l")` 绘制直线 y = 2x - 3,通过 `curve` 函数,其参数 `from` 和 `to` 分别指定了绘制直线的起始和结束横坐标值,`xlab` 和 `ylab` 参数则分别指定了横轴和纵轴的标签,`type = "l"` 则指定了绘制类型为直线。
- `abline(v = 8)` 绘制垂线 x = 8,通过 `abline` 函数,其参数 `v` 指定了垂线的位置,因为我们只需要绘制垂线,所以不需要指定斜率。
- `abline(h = 1)` 绘制水平线 y = 1,与绘制垂线类似,只需要将参数 `v` 改为 `h` 即可。
- `lines(c(-5, 8, 8, -5), c(1, 1, 2*8-3, 1), type = "l")` 绘制三角形,通过 `lines` 函数,其第一个参数指定了三角形的横坐标序列,第二个参数指定了三角形的纵坐标序列,`type = "l"` 则指定了绘制类型为直线。注意,我们将三角形的四个顶点按照逆时针方向依次连接,才能得到正确的三角形。
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