线索二叉树C语言代码实现
时间: 2024-10-05 14:02:31 浏览: 46
线索二叉树(Threaded Binary Tree),又称为双亲链接树,是一种数据结构,它在二叉树的基础上添加了一些特殊的指针,使得查找、插入和删除操作更加高效。通常,线索二叉树会通过修改节点的前驱(left)和后继(right)指针来指示查找路径的方向。
以下是一个简单的线索二叉树节点结构体和基本的操作函数的C语言实现:
```c
// 节点结构
typedef struct Node {
int data;
struct Node* left, *right, *prev, *next; // 添加 prev 和 next 指针
} Node;
// 初始化新节点
Node* createNode(int value) {
Node* newNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
if (!newNode) {
printf("Memory allocation failed.\n");
return NULL;
}
newNode->data = value;
newNode->left = newNode->right = newNode->prev = newNode->next = NULL;
return newNode;
}
// 插入节点的基本步骤:如果节点为空,创建新节点;否则沿着线索找到合适的位置并更新线索
void insert(Node** root, int value) {
Node* newNode = createNode(value);
if (*root == NULL) { // 根节点为空,直接作为根
*root = newNode;
} else {
Node* current = *root;
while (true) {
if (value < current->data) {
if (current->left == NULL) { // 插入左侧,设置线索
current->left = newNode;
newNode->prev = current->prev;
newNode->next = current;
if (current->prev != NULL)
current->prev->next = newNode;
else
*root = newNode;
break;
}
current = current->left;
} else {
if (current->right == NULL) { // 插入右侧,设置线索
current->right = newNode;
newNode->prev = current;
newNode->next = current->next;
if (current->next != NULL)
current->next->prev = newNode;
break;
}
current = current->right;
}
}
}
}
// 示例性的查找过程,实际应用需要结合线索更新
void search(Node* root, int value) {
Node* current = root;
while (current != NULL) {
if (value == current->data) {
// 找到了,处理后续操作...
break;
} else if (value < current->data) {
current = current->left;
} else {
current = current->right;
}
}
}
// 更复杂的操作如删除和遍历都需要额外处理线索
```
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