import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pywt from skimage import io, color # 读取灰度图像并转换为RGB图像 img_gray = io.imread('lena.png', as_gray=True) img = color.gray2rgb(img_gray) # 对图像的三个通道进行DWT变换 coeffs_r = pywt.dwt2(img[:, :, 0], 'haar') coeffs_g = pywt.dwt2(img[:, :, 1], 'haar') coeffs_b = pywt.dwt2(img[:, :, 2], 'haar') # 设置压缩比率 compress_ratio = 0.5 # 计算阈值 threshold_r = np.sort(np.abs(coeffs_r[1].ravel()))[::-1][int(compress_ratio * len(coeffs_r[1].ravel()))] threshold_g = np.sort(np.abs(coeffs_g[1].ravel()))[::-1][int(compress_ratio * len(coeffs_g[1].ravel()))] threshold_b = np.sort(np.abs(coeffs_b[1].ravel()))[::-1][int(compress_ratio * len(coeffs_b[1].ravel()))] # 对小于阈值的系数进行置零 coeffs_r = list(coeffs_r) coeffs_r[0] = np.round(coeffs_r[0]) coeffs_r[1] = np.where(np.abs(coeffs_r[1]) < threshold_r, 0, coeffs_r[1]) coeffs_r[2] = np.where(np.abs(coeffs_r[2]) < threshold_r, 0, coeffs_r[2]) coeffs_g = list(coeffs_g) coeffs_g[0] = np.round(coeffs_g[0]) coeffs_g[1] = np.where(np.abs(coeffs_g[1]) < threshold_g, 0, coeffs_g[1]) coeffs_g[2] = np.where(np.abs(coeffs_g[2]) < threshold_g, 0, coeffs_g[2]) coeffs_b = list(coeffs_b) coeffs_b[0] = np.round(coeffs_b[0]) coeffs_b[1] = np.where(np.abs(coeffs_b[1]) < threshold_b, 0, coeffs_b[1]) coeffs_b[2] = np.where(np.abs(coeffs_b[2]) < threshold_b, 0, coeffs_b[2]) # 合并三个通道的系数 coeffs = [np.stack([coeffs_r[i], coeffs_g[i], coeffs_b[i]], axis=-1) for i in range(len(coeffs_r))] # 对图像进行IDWT反变换 img_dwt = pywt.idwt2(coeffs, 'haar') # 显示原始图像和压缩后的图像 fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=1, ncols=2, figsize=(8, 4)) ax = axes.ravel() ax[0].imshow(img) ax[0].set_title("Original image") ax[1].imshow(img_dwt) ax[1].set_title("Compressed image (DWT)") ax[1].set_xlabel("Compression ratio: {:.2f}".format(compress_ratio)) plt.tight_layout() plt.show()

这段代码缺少了两行，分别是导入numpy和matplotlib.pyplot两个模块的语句。请在代码的开头添加以下两行语句：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

这样就可以解决代码中的报错。

相关问题

import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import seaborn as sns import yfinance as yf import pywt 这些要怎样装库

你可以使用pip来安装这些库。在命令行中输入以下命令，每次输入一条，按回车键执行即可：

pip install pandas
pip install numpy
pip install matplotlib
pip install seaborn
pip install yfinance
pip install PyWavelets

这些命令将会下载和安装相应的库和依赖项。如果你使用的是Anaconda，也可以在Anaconda Navigator中进行相应的安装。

import freq as freq from matplotlib import pyplot as plt import os from scipy.io import loadmat from scipy import signal import pywt from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split from sklearn import metrics import numpy as np import pywt import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # 导入数据 文件路径 dir_str = r"D:\python\matlab\da" # 此处填文件的路径 file_name = os.listdir(dir_str) file_dir = [os.path.join(dir_str, x) for x in file_name] data_test = [] label_test = [] data_final = {} #label_final = [np.zeros((51, 1))] label_final = np.zeros(1) data_final2 = np.zeros([1, 45000]) ecg_signal = np.zeros([1, 90000]) filtered_ecg_signal = np.zeros([1, 90000]) # 从文件导入数据和标签 for file_origin in file_dir: data = loadmat(file_origin, mat_dtype=True) label_test.append(data['label']) data_test.append(data['ecg']) ecg_signal = data_test[0][0] plt.plot(ecg_signal) plt.show() wp = pywt.WaveletPacket(ecg_signal, 'db4', mode='symmetric', maxlevel=6) coeffs = [] for node in wp.get_level(5, 'approx'): coeffs.append(node.data) mean_coeffs = np.mean(coeffs) std_coeffs = np.std(coeffs) start_pos = np.where(coeffs < mean_coeffs - 0.5 * std_coeffs)[0][-1] end_pos = np.where(coeffs < mean_coeffs - 0.15 * std_coeffs)[0][-1] plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6)) plt.plot(ecg_signal) plt.axvspan(start_pos, end_pos, alpha=0.5, color='red') plt.xlabel('Sample number') plt.ylabel('Amplitude') plt.title('ECG signal with ST segment') plt.show()

好的，根据您提供的代码，我进行了一些修改来修复报错并能够提取所有ST段的问题。修改后的代码如下：

import os
from scipy.io import loadmat
from scipy import signal
import pywt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 导入数据
dir_str = r"D:\python\matlab\da"  # 此处填文件的路径
file_name = os.listdir(dir_str)
file_dir = [os.path.join(dir_str, x) for x in file_name]
data_test = []
label_test = []
data_final = {}
label_final = np.zeros((len(file_dir), 51))
data_final2 = np.zeros((len(file_dir), 45000))
ecg_signal = np.zeros((len(file_dir), 90000))
filtered_ecg_signal = np.zeros((len(file_dir), 90000))

# 从文件导入数据和标签
for i, file_origin in enumerate(file_dir):
    data = loadmat(file_origin, mat_dtype=True)
    label_test.append(data['label'])
    data_test.append(data['ecg'])
    ecg_signal[i] = data_test[i][0]

# 绘制所有ECG信号的图像
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
for i in range(len(file_dir)):
    plt.plot(ecg_signal[i], alpha=0.5)
plt.xlabel('Sample number')
plt.ylabel('Amplitude')
plt.title('ECG signals of all data')

# 提取所有ST段
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
for i in range(len(file_dir)):
    wp = pywt.WaveletPacket(ecg_signal[i], 'db4', mode='symmetric', maxlevel=6)
    coeffs = []
    for node in wp.get_level(5, 'approx'):
        coeffs.append(node.data)
    mean_coeffs = np.mean(coeffs)
    std_coeffs = np.std(coeffs)
    start_pos = np.where(coeffs < mean_coeffs - 0.5 * std_coeffs)[0][-1]
    end_pos = np.where(coeffs < mean_coeffs - 0.15 * std_coeffs)[0][-1]
    plt.plot(ecg_signal[i], alpha=0.5)
    plt.axvspan(start_pos, end_pos, alpha=0.5, color='red')

plt.xlabel('Sample number')
plt.ylabel('Amplitude')
plt.title('ECG signals with ST segment')
plt.show()

修改内容包括：

1. 将 `label_final` 的初始化改为 `np.zeros((len(file_dir), 51))`，使其能够存储所有数据的标签。
2. 将 `data_final2` 的初始化改为 `np.zeros((len(file_dir), 45000))`，使其能够存储所有数据的ECG信号。
3. 将 `ecg_signal`、`filtered_ecg_signal` 的初始化改为 `np.zeros((len(file_dir), 90000))`，使其能够存储所有数据的ECG信号和滤波后的ECG信号。
4. 在绘制所有ECG信号的图像时，将 `alpha` 参数设置为 `0.5`，使得多个信号之间不会互相遮盖。
5. 在提取所有ST段时，将绘图部分和提取部分分开，并在绘图部分中添加了绘制原始ECG信号和标记ST段的代码。

希望这次修改能够帮到您，如果您还有任何问题，请随时提出。