params = pso(optimize_model, bounds, swarmsize=10, maxiter=50) TypeError: pso() missing 1 required positional argument: 'ub'

这个错误的原因是你调用 `pso()` 函数时没有提供 `ub` 参数。 `pso()` 函数需要三个参数：一个目标函数，一个参数范围的元组（包括下限和上限），以及其他可选参数。请检查你的代码，确保你已经正确提供了 `bounds` 参数，即一个包含下限和上限的元组，例如 `(lower, upper)`。如果你已经正确提供了 `bounds` 参数，那么可能是由于 `pso()` 函数的定义或者调用方式不正确引起的问题。你可以检查一下函数定义和调用，找出具体的错误原因。

相关问题

TypeError: pso() missing 1 required positional argument: 'ub'

这个错误通常意味着你在调用函数 `pso()` 时，没有提供必需的参数 `ub`。请确保你在调用 `pso()` 函数时，提供了所有必需的参数，包括 `ub`。如果你已经提供了 `ub` 参数，那么可能是由于参数的类型不正确或者在函数定义中参数顺序不正确引起的问题。你可以检查一下函数定义和调用，找出具体的错误原因。

pso() missing 1 required positional argument: 'ub'

The error "pso() missing 1 required positional argument: 'ub'" occurs when you are trying to call the function pso() with one or more missing arguments. Specifically, it is indicating that you have not provided the required argument 'ub' which is expected by the function.

To resolve this error, you need to provide the missing argument 'ub' to the pso() function. The argument 'ub' typically refers to the upper bound of the problem domain.

For example, if you have a function called 'my_func' that you are trying to optimize using PSO and the upper bound of the problem domain is 10, you can call the pso() function as follows:

from pyswarms.single.global_best import GlobalBestPSO

# Define the bounds of the problem domain
bounds = (0, 10)

# Define the PSO optimizer
optimizer = GlobalBestPSO(n_particles=10, dimensions=2, options={'c1': 0.5, 'c2': 0.3, 'w':0.9})

# Optimize the function using PSO
cost, pos = optimizer.optimize(my_func, iters=100, ub=bounds)

In this example, the bounds of the problem domain are defined as (0, 10) and passed to the PSO optimizer using the 'ub' parameter. This should resolve the error and allow you to successfully optimize the function using PSO.