对于给定的含有n个整数的无序序列，求这个序列中最大和次大的两个不同的元素。python

在Python中，我们可以使用堆数据结构来解决这个问题。这里是一个基于两堆（最大堆和最小堆）的解决方案：

import heapq

def max_two(nums):
    # 最大值堆
    max_heap = []
    # 初始化最小值堆
    min_heap = []

    # 将所有数字添加到最小堆
    for num in nums:
        heapq.heappush(min_heap, -num)

    # 提取并保存最大的两个数
    if len(min_heap) >= 2:
        max_num1 = -heapq.heappop(min_heap)
        max_num2 = -heapq.heappop(min_heap)
    else:
        max_num1 = -min_heap[0] if len(min_heap) == 1 else None
        max_num2 = None

    # 将剩余的数字重新加回最小堆
    while min_heap:
        heapq.heappush(min_heap, -heapq.heappop(min_heap))

    # 再次提取最大的两个数
    if len(min_heap) >= 2:
        second_max_num = -heapq.heappop(min_heap)
        second_max_num2 = -heapq.heappop(min_heap)
    else:
        second_max_num = -min_heap[0] if len(min_heap) == 1 else None
        second_max_num2 = None

    return max_num1, max_num2, second_max_num, second_max_num2

# 测试
nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
max1, max2, sec_max1, sec_max2 = max_two(nums)
print("最大和次大的两个不同的元素分别是:", max1, max2, "和", sec_max1, sec_max2)