C++Qt实现类似Multisim软件中器件的拖拽和连接的具体代码
时间: 2024-01-22 17:19:43 浏览: 112
实现类似Multisim软件中器件的拖拽和连接,需要使用Qt的图形视图框架,主要分为以下几个步骤:
1. 创建图形项类
首先需要创建图形项类,用于表示器件和连接线。可以通过继承QGraphicsItem或其子类来实现自定义的图形项。例如,下面是一个简单的继承QGraphicsRectItem的矩形图形项类:
```cpp
class MyRectItem : public QGraphicsRectItem
{
public:
MyRectItem(QGraphicsItem *parent = nullptr) : QGraphicsRectItem(parent) {}
QRectF boundingRect() const override { return rect(); }
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget = nullptr) override
{
painter->setPen(QPen(Qt::black, 2));
painter->setBrush(Qt::white);
painter->drawRect(rect());
}
};
```
2. 创建图形场景和视图
然后需要创建QGraphicsScene和QGraphicsView,用于显示图形项。可以在构造函数中设置场景大小和视图大小,并将场景设置给视图。
```cpp
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
QGraphicsScene *scene = new QGraphicsScene(this);
scene->setSceneRect(0, 0, 800, 600);
QGraphicsView *view = new QGraphicsView(scene, this);
view->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
view->setViewportUpdateMode(QGraphicsView::BoundingRectViewportUpdate);
setCentralWidget(view);
}
};
```
3. 实现拖拽功能
要实现拖拽功能,需要在图形项类中重写mousePressEvent、mouseMoveEvent和mouseReleaseEvent三个函数。在mousePressEvent函数中记录下鼠标按下时的位置,并将当前图形项设置为可移动状态。在mouseMoveEvent函数中计算出鼠标移动的距离,并将当前图形项移动相应的距离。在mouseReleaseEvent函数中将当前图形项的状态设置为不可移动。
```cpp
class MyRectItem : public QGraphicsRectItem
{
QPointF m_lastPos;
bool m_moving = false;
public:
MyRectItem(QGraphicsItem *parent = nullptr) : QGraphicsRectItem(parent) {}
void mousePressEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event) override
{
m_lastPos = event->scenePos();
m_moving = true;
setCursor(Qt::ClosedHandCursor);
}
void mouseMoveEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event) override
{
if (m_moving) {
QPointF delta = event->scenePos() - m_lastPos;
moveBy(delta.x(), delta.y());
m_lastPos = event->scenePos();
}
}
void mouseReleaseEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event) override
{
m_moving = false;
setCursor(Qt::ArrowCursor);
}
};
```
4. 实现连接功能
要实现连接功能,需要创建一个连接线图形项类,并在拖动时实时更新连接线的两个端点。可以在图形项类中添加一个QList存储所有与该项相连的连接线。在拖动时,遍历该列表,更新每个连接线的端点位置。
```cpp
class MyLineItem : public QGraphicsLineItem
{
public:
MyLineItem(QGraphicsItem *startItem, QGraphicsItem *endItem, QGraphicsItem *parent = nullptr)
: QGraphicsLineItem(parent), m_startItem(startItem), m_endItem(endItem)
{
setPen(QPen(Qt::black, 2));
updatePosition();
}
void updatePosition()
{
QPointF start = mapFromItem(m_startItem, m_startItem->boundingRect().center());
QPointF end = mapFromItem(m_endItem, m_endItem->boundingRect().center());
setLine(QLineF(start, end));
}
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget = nullptr) override
{
painter->setPen(pen());
painter->drawLine(line());
}
private:
QGraphicsItem *m_startItem;
QGraphicsItem *m_endItem;
};
```
在连接两个图形项时,可以创建一个连接线图形项,并将其添加到场景中。同时,还需要将连接线对象保存到每个图形项的连接线列表中。
```cpp
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr) : QMainWindow(parent)
{
QGraphicsScene *scene = new QGraphicsScene(this);
scene->setSceneRect(0, 0, 800, 600);
MyRectItem *rect1 = new MyRectItem();
MyRectItem *rect2 = new MyRectItem();
MyLineItem *line = new MyLineItem(rect1, rect2);
rect1->setPos(100, 100);
rect2->setPos(300, 300);
scene->addItem(rect1);
scene->addItem(rect2);
scene->addItem(line);
rect1->addLine(line);
rect2->addLine(line);
QGraphicsView *view = new QGraphicsView(scene, this);
view->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
view->setViewportUpdateMode(QGraphicsView::BoundingRectViewportUpdate);
setCentralWidget(view);
}
};
```
以上就是实现类似Multisim软件中器件的拖拽和连接的基本步骤和代码示例。
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