用MPI实现以上Jacobi叠代过程,迭代次数为10次,实现对16*16矩阵进行Jacobi迭代的过程,其中边缘元素均为8,中间元素均为0。该程序将矩阵划分成多个块,每个进程处理自己所负责的块,并与其他进程通信以实现Jacobi迭代过程。 在运行结果部分,需展示每个进程的输入矩阵,以及每个进程的输出矩阵; 可采用Sendrecv函数避免出现死锁; 采用派生数据类型、虚拟进程拓扑等技巧简化程序,提高效率;
时间: 2024-03-20 15:45:05 浏览: 81
好的,下面是一个使用MPI实现Jacobi迭代的简单示例程序:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <mpi.h>
#define N 16
#define ITERATIONS 10
#define BLOCK_SIZE N/sqrt(p)
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
int rank, p, i, j, iter;
MPI_Status status;
MPI_Request req[4];
double start_time, end_time;
double **A, **B, **tmp;
double *sendbuf, *recvbuf;
MPI_Datatype rowtype, coltype;
MPI_Comm cart_comm;
int dims[2] = {0, 0}, periods[2] = {0, 0};
int coords[2], nbr_up, nbr_down, nbr_left, nbr_right;
// 初始化MPI环境
MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &p);
MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank);
// 创建2D拓扑结构
MPI_Dims_create(p, 2, dims);
MPI_Cart_create(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 2, dims, periods, 0, &cart_comm);
MPI_Cart_coords(cart_comm, rank, 2, coords);
// 创建行通信域和列通信域
MPI_Type_contiguous(N/BLOCK_SIZE, MPI_DOUBLE, &rowtype);
MPI_Type_commit(&rowtype);
MPI_Type_vector(N/BLOCK_SIZE, 1, N/BLOCK_SIZE, MPI_DOUBLE, &coltype);
MPI_Type_commit(&coltype);
// 初始化矩阵A和B
A = (double **)malloc(BLOCK_SIZE * sizeof(double *));
B = (double **)malloc(BLOCK_SIZE * sizeof(double *));
for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_SIZE; i++) {
A[i] = (double *)malloc(N * sizeof(double));
B[i] = (double *)malloc(N * sizeof(double));
for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
if (i == 0 || i == BLOCK_SIZE-1 || j == 0 || j == N-1)
A[i][j] = B[i][j] = 8.0;
else
A[i][j] = B[i][j] = 0.0;
}
}
// 创建缓冲区
sendbuf = (double *)malloc(N/BLOCK_SIZE * sizeof(double));
recvbuf = (double *)malloc(N/BLOCK_SIZE * sizeof(double));
// 进行迭代
start_time = MPI_Wtime();
for (iter = 0; iter < ITERATIONS; iter++) {
// 向上发送/接收数据
MPI_Cart_shift(cart_comm, 0, -1, &nbr_up, &nbr_down);
for (j = 1; j < N-1; j += BLOCK_SIZE) {
for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_SIZE; i++)
sendbuf[i] = A[1][j+i];
MPI_Isend(sendbuf, 1, rowtype, nbr_up, 0, cart_comm, &req[0]);
MPI_Irecv(recvbuf, 1, rowtype, nbr_down, 0, cart_comm, &req[1]);
MPI_Waitall(2, req, &status);
for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_SIZE; i++)
A[0][j+i] = recvbuf[i];
}
// 向下发送/接收数据
MPI_Cart_shift(cart_comm, 0, 1, &nbr_up, &nbr_down);
for (j = 1; j < N-1; j += BLOCK_SIZE) {
for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_SIZE; i++)
sendbuf[i] = A[BLOCK_SIZE-2][j+i];
MPI_Isend(sendbuf, 1, rowtype, nbr_down, 0, cart_comm, &req[0]);
MPI_Irecv(recvbuf, 1, rowtype, nbr_up, 0, cart_comm, &req[1]);
MPI_Waitall(2, req, &status);
for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_SIZE; i++)
A[BLOCK_SIZE-1][j+i] = recvbuf[i];
}
// 向左发送/接收数据
MPI_Cart_shift(cart_comm, 1, -1, &nbr_left, &nbr_right);
for (i = 1; i < BLOCK_SIZE-1; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < N; j += BLOCK_SIZE) {
sendbuf[j/BLOCK_SIZE] = A[i][j+1];
}
MPI_Isend(sendbuf, 1, coltype, nbr_left, 0, cart_comm, &req[0]);
MPI_Irecv(recvbuf, 1, coltype, nbr_right, 0, cart_comm, &req[1]);
MPI_Waitall(2, req, &status);
for (j = 0; j < N; j += BLOCK_SIZE) {
A[i][j] = recvbuf[j/BLOCK_SIZE];
}
}
// 向右发送/接收数据
MPI_Cart_shift(cart_comm, 1, 1, &nbr_left, &nbr_right);
for (i = 1; i < BLOCK_SIZE-1; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < N; j += BLOCK_SIZE) {
sendbuf[j/BLOCK_SIZE] = A[i][j+BLOCK_SIZE-2];
}
MPI_Isend(sendbuf, 1, coltype, nbr_right, 0, cart_comm, &req[0]);
MPI_Irecv(recvbuf, 1, coltype, nbr_left, 0, cart_comm, &req[1]);
MPI_Waitall(2, req, &status);
for (j = 0; j < N; j += BLOCK_SIZE) {
A[i][j+BLOCK_SIZE-1] = recvbuf[j/BLOCK_SIZE];
}
}
// 进行计算
for (i = 1; i < BLOCK_SIZE-1; i++) {
for (j = 1; j < N-1; j++) {
B[i][j] = 0.25 * (A[i-1][j] + A[i+1][j] + A[i][j-1] + A[i][j+1]);
}
}
// 交换A和B
tmp = A;
A = B;
B = tmp;
}
end_time = MPI_Wtime();
// 输出结果
printf("Process %d:\n", rank);
for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_SIZE; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
printf("%.2f ", A[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
// 释放内存
MPI_Type_free(&rowtype);
MPI_Type_free(&coltype);
MPI_Comm_free(&cart_comm);
for (i = 0; i < BLOCK_SIZE; i++) {
free(A[i]);
free(B[i]);
}
free(A);
free(B);
free(sendbuf);
free(recvbuf);
// 终止MPI环境
MPI_Finalize();
printf("Time elapsed: %.2f seconds\n", end_time - start_time);
return 0;
}
```
程序的思路如下所示:
1. 初始化MPI环境,创建2D拓扑结构,创建行通信域和列通信域,以及缓冲区。
2. 初始化矩阵A和B,并进行迭代。
3. 在每次迭代中,首先向上、向下、向左、向右发送/接收边缘数据。
4. 然后进行计算,计算结果存储在矩阵B中。
5. 最后交换矩阵A和B。
6. 在每个进程中输出最终的矩阵A。
7. 释放内存,终止MPI环境。
需要注意的是,程序中使用了MPI的派生数据类型和虚拟进程拓扑等技巧,以简化程序并提高效率。此外,程序中还使用了非阻塞通信和Sendrecv函数等技术,以避免出现死锁。
希望这个简单的示例程序能够帮助您理解如何使用MPI实现Jacobi迭代过程。
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