template <class T>class Vector {public: Vector() : data(nullptr), size(0), capacity(0) {} ~Vector() { delete[] data; } T& operator[](int index) { return data[index]; } void add(T value) { if (size == capacity) { reserve(capacity == 0 ? 1 : capacity * 2); } data[size++] = value; } void reserve(int newCapacity) { T* newData = new T[newCapacity]; for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) { newData[i] = data[i]; } capacity = newCapacity; std::swap(data, newData); delete[] newData; } int getSize() const { return size; } private: T* data; int size; int capacity;}; 这段代码的测试数据与运行结果
时间: 2024-01-12 19:04:44 浏览: 32
以上是一个C++的Vector类的模板实现,下面是一些测试数据和运行结果示例:
```
Vector<int> v; // 创建一个空的Vector对象
v.add(1); // 向Vector中添加元素1
v.add(2); // 向Vector中添加元素2
v.add(3); // 向Vector中添加元素3
std::cout << v.getSize() << std::endl; // 输出Vector中元素的个数,结果为3
std::cout << v[0] << " " << v[1] << " " << v[2] << std::endl; // 输出Vector中的元素,结果为1 2 3
v.reserve(10); // 扩容为10
v.add(4); // 向Vector中添加元素4
std::cout << v.getSize() << std::endl; // 输出Vector中元素的个数,结果为4
std::cout << v[0] << " " << v[1] << " " << v[2] << " " << v[3] << std::endl; // 输出Vector中的元素,结果为1 2 3 4
```
运行结果:
```
3
1 2 3
4
1 2 3 4
```
以上代码使用一个动态数组来实现Vector,支持动态扩容和下标访问元素。测试数据中向Vector中添加了元素1,2,3,然后输出元素的个数和元素的值,扩容为10之后又添加了元素4,最后输出元素的个数和元素的值。
相关问题
写一个在vs2019上能运行的#include <iostream>#include <stdlib.h>using namespace std;template <typename T>class Vector{public: Vector() : m_size(0), m_capacity(0), m_data(nullptr) {} Vector(int n, const T& val) : m_size(0), m_capacity(0), m_data(nullptr) { assign(n, val); } Vector(const Vector& other) : m_size(0), m_capacity(0), m_data(nullptr) { assign(other); } Vector& operator=(const Vector& other); T& operator[](int i) { return m_data[i]; } const T& operator[](int i) const { return m_data[i]; } void push_back(const T& val); void insert(int pos, const T& val); void clear(); int size() const { return m_size; } bool empty() const { return m_size == 0; } void erase(int pos);private: void assign(int n, const T& val); void assign(const Vector& other); void reserve(int n); void resize(int n); void destroy();private: int m_size; int m_capacity; T* m_data;};template <typename T>Vector<T>& Vector<T>::operator=(const Vector<T>& other){ if (this != &other) { destroy(); assign(other); } return *this;}template <typename T>void Vector<T>::push_back(const T& val){ if (m_size == m_capacity) { reserve(max(2 * m_capacity, 1)); } m_data[m_size++] = val;}template <typename T>void Vector<T>::insert(int pos, const T& val){ if (pos < 0 || pos > m_size) { return; } if (m_size == m_capacity) { reserve(max(2 * m_capacity, 1)); } for (int i = m_size - 1; i >= pos; i--) { m_data[i + 1] = m_data[i]; } m_data[pos] = val; m_size++;}template <typename T>void Vector<T>::clear(){ destroy(); m_size = 0;}template <typename T>void Vector<T>::erase(int pos){ if (pos < 0 || pos >= m_size) { return; } for (int i = pos; i < m_size - 1; i++) { m_data[i] = m_data[i + 1]; } m_size--;}template <typename T>void Vector<T>::assign(int n, const T& val){ resize(n); for (int i = 0; i < m_size; i++) { m_data[i] = val; }}template <typename T>void Vector<T>::assign(const Vector<T>& other){ resize(other.m_size); for (int i = 0; i < m_size; i++) { m_data[i] = other.m_data[i]; }}template <typename T>void Vector<T>::reserve(int n){ if (n <= m_capacity) { return; } T* new_data = new T[n]; for (int i = 0; i < m_size; i++) { new_data[i] = m_data[i]; } delete[] m_data; m_data = new_data; m_capacity = n;}template <typename T>void Vector<T>::resize(int n){ reserve(n); if (n >= m_size) { for (int i = m_size; i < n; i++) { m_data[i] = T(); } } m_size = n;}template <typename T>void Vector<T>::destroy(){ if (m_data != nullptr) { delete[] m_data; m_data = nullptr; m_capacity = 0; }}int main(){ Vector<int> vec; cout << "push_back 1, 2, 3" << endl; vec.push_back(1); vec.push_back(2); vec.push_back(3); cout << "size: " << vec.size() << endl; cout << "empty: " << vec.empty() << endl; cout << "insert 0 at pos 0" << endl; vec.insert(0, 0); cout << "size: " << vec.size() << endl; cout << "erase at pos 1" << endl; vec.erase(1); cout << "size: " << vec.size() << endl; cout << "clear" << endl; vec.clear(); cout << "size: " << vec.size() << endl; cout << "empty: " << vec.empty() << endl; return 0;}
程序需要以下步骤:
1. 打开Visual Studio 2019软件。
2. 点击"新建项目",选择"C++控制台应用程序"。
3. 输入项目名称和文件保存路径,然后点击"确定"。
4. 选择"C++17"作为项目的编译标准。
5. 在项目源文件中编写代码。比如输出"Hello, World!"可以使用以下代码:
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
std::cout << "Hello, World!\n";
return 0;
}
6. 点击"运行"按钮或者按下"F5"键编译并运行程序。
7. 程序运行成功后,在输出窗口中会打印出"Hello, World!"的字符串。
优化上述代码数据接口定义为template <class T> class Vector {…},并设计一个测试程序
好的,我可以为你优化上述代码,使其支持模板类的数据接口定义。以下是一个新的实现,供你参考:
```c++
#include <iostream>
template <class T>
class Vector {
public:
Vector() : m_size(0), m_capacity(0), m_data(nullptr) {}
~Vector() { delete[] m_data; }
void add(const T& value) {
if (m_size == m_capacity) {
reserve(m_capacity == 0 ? 1 : m_capacity * 2);
}
m_data[m_size++] = value;
}
void reserve(size_t newCapacity) {
if (newCapacity <= m_capacity) {
return;
}
T* newData = new T[newCapacity];
for (size_t i = 0; i < m_size; i++) {
newData[i] = std::move(m_data[i]);
}
delete[] m_data;
m_data = newData;
m_capacity = newCapacity;
}
size_t size() const { return m_size; }
T& operator[](size_t index) { return m_data[index]; }
const T& operator[](size_t index) const { return m_data[index]; }
private:
size_t m_size;
size_t m_capacity;
T* m_data;
};
int main() {
Vector<int> vec;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
vec.add(i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < vec.size(); i++) {
std::cout << vec[i] << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
Vector<std::string> strVec;
strVec.add("hello");
strVec.add("world");
for (int i = 0; i < strVec.size(); i++) {
std::cout << strVec[i] << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}
```
这个新的Vector类模板支持模板类的数据接口定义,并且可以存储任意类型的元素。测试程序中,我们创建了一个存储int类型元素的Vector对象和一个存储std::string类型元素的Vector对象,分别添加了若干个元素,并输出了它们的值。
请注意,这个Vector类模板仅作为一个简单的示例,实际使用时需要根据具体需求进行修改和优化。