pid控制编码电机代码
时间: 2023-07-03 14:16:34 浏览: 86
下面是一个控制编码电机的PID控制器的代码示例,你需要根据你的具体硬件和情况进行调整:
```c
#include <Encoder.h>
// Define constants
#define KP 0.2
#define KI 0.05
#define KD 0.1
#define MAX_SPEED 255
// Define variables
Encoder encoder(2, 3);
int setpoint = 0;
int output = 0;
int prev_error = 0;
int integral = 0;
void setup() {
// Initialize serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
// Set up PID controller
pinMode(9, OUTPUT);
pinMode(10, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// Read current position from encoder
int position = encoder.read();
// Calculate error
int error = setpoint - position;
// Calculate integral term
integral += error;
// Calculate derivative term
int derivative = error - prev_error;
// Calculate output using PID equation
output = KP * error + KI * integral + KD * derivative;
// Limit output to maximum speed
output = max(min(output, MAX_SPEED), -MAX_SPEED);
// Set motor speed
if (output > 0) {
digitalWrite(9, HIGH);
digitalWrite(10, LOW);
} else {
digitalWrite(9, LOW);
digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
}
analogWrite(3, abs(output));
// Print values for debugging
Serial.print("Position: ");
Serial.print(position);
Serial.print(" Setpoint: ");
Serial.print(setpoint);
Serial.print(" Error: ");
Serial.print(error);
Serial.print(" Output: ");
Serial.println(output);
// Save previous error
prev_error = error;
// Wait for next iteration
delay(10);
}
```
在上面的代码中,我们使用了`Encoder`库来读取编码器的值。PID控制器的参数在`setup()`函数中定义,包括比例系数`KP`、积分系数`KI`、微分系数`KD`和最大速度`MAX_SPEED`。在`loop()`函数中,我们首先读取编码器的值,然后计算出误差`error`。我们计算出积分项和微分项,然后使用PID方程计算出输出值。最后,我们将输出值限制在最大速度范围内,并将其转换为电机控制信号,然后打印调试信息。
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