java定义复数类实现复数的加减乘除运算

一个基本的Java定义复数类的示例如下所示，其中包括实部和虚部的私有变量，以及各种运算操作的公共方法:

public class ComplexNumber {
    private double realPart;
    private double imaginaryPart;

    public ComplexNumber(double realPart, double imaginaryPart) {
        this.realPart = realPart;
        this.imaginaryPart = imaginaryPart;
    }

    public ComplexNumber add(ComplexNumber other) {
        double real = this.realPart + other.realPart;
        double imaginary = this.imaginaryPart + other.imaginaryPart;
        return new ComplexNumber(real, imaginary);
    }

    public ComplexNumber subtract(ComplexNumber other) {
        double real = this.realPart - other.realPart;
        double imaginary = this.imaginaryPart - other.imaginaryPart;
        return new ComplexNumber(real, imaginary);
    }

    public ComplexNumber multiply(ComplexNumber other) {
        double real = (this.realPart * other.realPart) - (this.imaginaryPart * other.imaginaryPart);
        double imaginary = (this.realPart * other.imaginaryPart) + (this.imaginaryPart * other.realPart);
        return new ComplexNumber(real, imaginary);
    }

    public ComplexNumber divide(ComplexNumber other) {
        double denominator = (other.realPart * other.realPart) + (other.imaginaryPart * other.imaginaryPart);
        double real = ((this.realPart * other.realPart) + (this.imaginaryPart * other.imaginaryPart)) / denominator;
        double imaginary = ((this.imaginaryPart * other.realPart) - (this.realPart * other.imaginaryPart)) / denominator;
        return new ComplexNumber(real, imaginary);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        if (this.imaginaryPart >= 0) {
            return this.realPart + "+" + this.imaginaryPart + "i";
        } else {
            return this.realPart + "-" + (-this.imaginaryPart) + "i";
        }
    }

    // getters and setters omitted for brevity
}

上面代码中实现了复数类的加减乘除运算，其中方法 ```add```，```subtract```，```multiply```和 ```divide``` 分别对应复数的加法，减法，乘法，除法。在乘法运算中实现了复数相乘的根据公式： $(a+bi)*(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(ad+bc)i$，在除法运算中实现了复数相乘公式的倒数。