c++定义简单的个人所得税类

个人所得税类可定义为一个包含以下属性和方法的类：

属性：

- salary：工资收入
- bonus：奖金收入
- deduction：扣除项（例如社保、公积金等）
- tax_rate：税率

方法：

- \_\_init\_\_(self, salary, bonus, deduction)：构造函数，初始化属性值
- calculate_tax(self)：计算个人所得税，返回税额
- set_tax_rate(self, tax_rate)：设置税率
- get_salary(self)：获取工资收入
- get_bonus(self)：获取奖金收入
- get_deduction(self)：获取扣除项
- get_tax_rate(self)：获取税率

示例代码：

class PersonalIncomeTax:
    def __init__(self, salary, bonus, deduction):
        self.salary = salary
        self.bonus = bonus
        self.deduction = deduction
        self.tax_rate = 0.1  # 默认税率为10%

    def calculate_tax(self):
        total_income = self.salary + self.bonus
        taxable_income = total_income - self.deduction
        tax = taxable_income * self.tax_rate
        return tax

    def set_tax_rate(self, tax_rate):
        self.tax_rate = tax_rate

    def get_salary(self):
        return self.salary

    def get_bonus(self):
        return self.bonus

    def get_deduction(self):
        return self.deduction

    def get_tax_rate(self):
        return self.tax_rate

使用示例：

# 创建个人所得税对象
pit = PersonalIncomeTax(salary=10000, bonus=5000, deduction=2000)

# 获取工资、奖金、扣除项、税率
print(pit.get_salary())   # 10000
print(pit.get_bonus())    # 5000
print(pit.get_deduction())    # 2000
print(pit.get_tax_rate())    # 0.1

# 设置税率为20%
pit.set_tax_rate(0.2)

# 计算个人所得税
tax = pit.calculate_tax()
print(tax)   # 2600.0