以五元组形式输入NFA，分别以五元组形式及状态转换矩阵形式输出最小DFA。用python代码实现

以下是Python代码实现最小化DFA的过程：

def minimize_dfa(dfa):
    """
    :param dfa: A DFA represented by a 5-tuple
    :return: A minimized DFA represented by a 5-tuple
    """
    # Step 1: Partition the states into accepting and non-accepting sets
    accept_states = set()
    non_accept_states = set()
    for state in dfa[1]:
        if state in dfa[4]:
            accept_states.add(state)
        else:
            non_accept_states.add(state)

    # Step 2: Initialize the partition to {accepting, non-accepting}
    partitions = [accept_states, non_accept_states]

    # Step 3: Repeat until no more partitions are created
    while True:
        new_partitions = []
        for partition in partitions:
            if len(partition) == 1:
                new_partitions.append(partition)
                continue
            # Group the states by their transitions
            transition_groups = {}
            for state in partition:
                transitions = dfa[3][state]
                if transitions in transition_groups:
                    transition_groups[transitions].add(state)
                else:
                    transition_groups[transitions] = {state}
            # Create new partitions
            for group in transition_groups.values():
                new_partitions.append(group)
        if new_partitions == partitions:
            break
        partitions = new_partitions

    # Step 4: Create the new DFA
    new_states = []
    new_accept_states = set()
    for group in partitions:
        new_state = tuple(sorted(group))
        new_states.append(new_state)
        if any(state in accept_states for state in group):
            new_accept_states.add(new_state)

    new_alphabet = dfa[0]
    new_start_state = tuple(sorted(dfa[2]))
    new_transitions = {}
    for state in new_states:
        for symbol in new_alphabet:
            next_state = tuple(sorted(dfa[3][s][symbol] for s in state))
            new_transitions[state, symbol] = next_state

    return new_alphabet, new_states, new_start_state, new_transitions, new_accept_states

其中，输入的DFA应该以5元组的形式表示，即`(alphabet, states, start_state, transitions, accept_states)`，其中：

- `alphabet`是一个字符串列表，表示DFA的输入字符集合
- `states`是一个状态列表，表示DFA的状态集合
- `start_state`是一个状态，表示DFA的初始状态
- `transitions`是一个字典，它的键是`(state, symbol)`元组，表示从给定状态和符号转换到的下一个状态，它的值是一个状态
- `accept_states`是一个状态集合，表示DFA的接受状态集合

输出的最小化DFA与输入的DFA格式相同。