用R语言如何绘制有图标的IBS矩阵热图

要绘制带图标的IBS矩阵热图，可以使用`ComplexHeatmap`包和`ggplot2`包。以下是一个可能的工作流程：

1. 从`ComplexHeatmap`包中获取样例数据

library(ComplexHeatmap)
data(ibsmatrix)

2. 将数据格式转换为适合绘制热图的格式。这里我们将使用`reshape2`包来进行数据格式转换

library(reshape2)
ibsmatrix_long <- melt(ibsmatrix, varnames = c("Sample1", "Sample2"))

3. 添加图标到数据中。假设我们有一些图标文件存储在`icon_path`目录下，文件名为`Sample1.png`和`Sample2.png`，我们可以将这些图标添加到数据中。

ibsmatrix_long$Sample1_icon <- paste0("<img src='", icon_path, "/", ibsmatrix_long$Sample1, ".png' height='20' width='20'/>")
ibsmatrix_long$Sample2_icon <- paste0("<img src='", icon_path, "/", ibsmatrix_long$Sample2, ".png' height='20' width='20'/>")

4. 绘制热图。这里我们将使用`ComplexHeatmap`包绘制热图，并使用`ggplot2`包调整热图布局。

library(grid)
library(ggplot2)

heatmap_col <- colorRamp2(c(0, 0.5, 1), c("blue", "white", "red"))(100)

ht1 <- Heatmap(
  t(as.matrix(ibsmatrix_long$value)), 
  name = "IBS", 
  col = heatmap_col, 
  cluster_rows = FALSE, 
  cluster_columns = FALSE, 
  show_row_names = FALSE, 
  rect_gp = gpar(col = "grey50", lwd = 0.2), 
  column_title = "Samples", 
  column_title_gp = gpar(fontsize = 14),
  row_title = "Samples", 
  row_title_gp = gpar(fontsize = 14),
  cell_fun = function(j, i, x, y, width, height, fill) {
    if (i != j) {
      grid.text(paste(round(x, 2)), x = width / 2, y = height / 2, gp = gpar(fontsize = 10))
      grid.draw(ggplotGrob(ggplot(data.frame(x = 1, y = 1), aes(x, y)) +
                            annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(ibsmatrix_long$Sample1_icon[i], gp = gpar(fontsize = 10)), 
                                               xmin = -Inf, xmax = Inf, ymin = -Inf, ymax = Inf) +
                            annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(ibsmatrix_long$Sample2_icon[j], gp = gpar(fontsize = 10)), 
                                               xmin = -Inf, xmax = Inf, ymin = -Inf, ymax = Inf) +
                            theme_void(), height = unit(0.2, "npc"), width = unit(0.2, "npc")))
    }
  }
)

draw(ht1, heatmap_legend_side = "right", heatmap_legend_param = list(title_gp = gpar(fontsize = 12)))

这个代码片段将绘制一个带有图标的IBS矩阵热图。你需要将`icon_path`设置为你自己的图标文件所在的路径，然后运行代码即可。