给我一份ESP32连接RS485型气象多要素百叶箱数据上传本地数据库的代码并用中文注释

以下是ESP32连接RS485型气象多要素百叶箱数据上传本地数据库的代码，并且已加上中文注释：

// 引入必要的库
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <ModbusMaster.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <HTTPClient.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include <SPIFFS.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>
#include <WiFiServer.h>
#include <WiFiAP.h>
#include <WiFiMulti.h>
#include <WiFiScan.h>
#include <WiFiType.h>
#include <WiFiUdp.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
#include <Adafruit_BME280.h>
#include <Ticker.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <NTPClient.h>
#include <WiFiUdp.h>
#include <Preferences.h>
#include <HTTPUpdate.h>
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>
#include <OneWire.h>
#include <DallasTemperature.h>
#include <MySQL_Connection.h>
#include <MySQL_Cursor.h>

// 定义RS485通信所需的引脚
#define RXD2 16
#define TXD2 17

// 定义Modbus参数
#define DEVICE_ADDRESS 1
#define REGISTER_START_ADDRESS 0x00
#define REGISTER_QUANTITY 0x14

// 定义WiFi参数
#define WIFI_SSID "your-ssid"
#define WIFI_PASSWORD "your-password"

// 定义数据库参数
#define DB_HOST "your-db-host"
#define DB_PORT 3306
#define DB_USER "your-db-user"
#define DB_PASSWORD "your-db-password"
#define DB_NAME "your-db-name"

// 实例化ModbusMaster对象和SoftwareSerial对象
ModbusMaster node(1);
SoftwareSerial RS485(RXD2, TXD2);

// 实例化BME280对象和OneWire对象
Adafruit_BME280 bme;
OneWire oneWire(18);

// 实例化DallasTemperature对象
DallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire);

// 定义变量
float temperature;
float pressure;
float humidity;
float wind_direction;
float wind_speed;
float rain;
String current_time;
String ntp_server = "cn.ntp.org.cn";
WiFiUDP ntpUDP;
NTPClient timeClient(ntpUDP, ntp_server.c_str(), 8 * 3600, 60000);
IPAddress local_IP(192, 168, 1, 100);
IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 1, 1);
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0);
IPAddress dns(114, 114, 114, 114);
bool isConnected = false;

// 实例化Ticker对象
Ticker timer;

// 实例化Preferences对象
Preferences preferences;

// 实例化WiFiClient对象和MySQL_Connection对象
WiFiClient client;
MySQL_Connection conn((Client *)&client);

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);

  // 设置RS485通信的波特率
  RS485.begin(9600, SWSERIAL_8N1, RXD2, TXD2, false, 256);

  // 设置WiFi连接
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  WiFi.setSleep(false);
  WiFi.config(local_IP, gateway, subnet, dns);
  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD);

  Serial.print("Connecting to WiFi");
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print(".");
    delay(1000);
  }
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");

  // 初始化SPIFFS文件系统
  if (!SPIFFS.begin(true)) {
    Serial.println("An error has occurred while mounting SPIFFS");
    return;
  }

  // 设置BME280传感器
  if (!bme.begin(0x76)) {
    Serial.println("Could not find a valid BME280 sensor, check wiring!");
    while (1);
  }

  // 设置DallasTemperature传感器
  sensors.begin();

  // 设置定时器
  timer.attach(10, getData);

  // 设置NTPClient
  timeClient.begin();
  timeClient.update();
  current_time = timeClient.getFormattedTime();

  // 连接数据库
  Serial.print("Connecting to database: ");
  while (!conn.connect(DB_HOST, DB_PORT, DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD)) {
    Serial.print(".");
    delay(1000);
  }
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("Database connected");

  // 执行数据库操作
  MySQL_Cursor *cur_mem = new MySQL_Cursor(&conn);
  char sql[128];
  sprintf(sql, "USE %s", DB_NAME);
  cur_mem->execute(sql);
  delete cur_mem;
}

void loop() {
  if (!isConnected) {
    Serial.println("WiFi disconnected, reconnecting...");
    WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD);
    isConnected = true;
  }
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
    isConnected = false;
  }
  timeClient.update();
  current_time = timeClient.getFormattedTime();
}

void getData() {
  // 读取温度、气压和湿度
  temperature = bme.readTemperature();
  pressure = bme.readPressure() / 100.0F;
  humidity = bme.readHumidity();

  // 读取风向、风速和降雨量
  node.clearResponseBuffer();
  node.clearTransmitBuffer();
  uint8_t result = node.readHoldingRegisters(REGISTER_START_ADDRESS, REGISTER_QUANTITY);
  if (result == node.ku8MBSuccess) {
    uint16_t wd = node.getResponseBuffer(0);
    uint16_t ws = node.getResponseBuffer(1);
    uint16_t rn = node.getResponseBuffer(5);
    wind_direction = wd / 10.0;
    wind_speed = ws / 10.0;
    rain = rn / 10.0;
  }

  // 读取温度传感器的温度
  sensors.requestTemperatures();
  float soil_temperature = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);

  // 获取当前时间
  timeClient.update();
  current_time = timeClient.getFormattedTime();

  Serial.println("Temperature: " + String(temperature));
  Serial.println("Pressure: " + String(pressure));
  Serial.println("Humidity: " + String(humidity));
  Serial.println("Wind direction: " + String(wind_direction));
  Serial.println("Wind speed: " + String(wind_speed));
  Serial.println("Rain: " + String(rain));
  Serial.println("Soil temperature: " + String(soil_temperature));

  // 将数据插入数据库
  if (conn.connected()) {
    MySQL_Cursor *cur_mem = new MySQL_Cursor(&conn);
    char sql[256];
    sprintf(sql, "INSERT INTO data (time, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind_direction, wind_speed, rain, soil_temperature) VALUES ('%s', %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f)", current_time.c_str(), temperature, pressure, humidity, wind_direction, wind_speed, rain, soil_temperature);
    cur_mem->execute(sql);
    delete cur_mem;
  }
}

注：该代码使用了多个库，需要在IDE中下载并安装这些库，以确保代码的正确运行。