假设有两个按元素值递增次序排列的单链表,请编程实现将这两个单链表合并为一个按元素值递减次序排列的单链表,并要求利用原来两个单链表的结点存放合并后的单链表,用c语言写出这个代码。
时间: 2023-09-14 11:05:52 浏览: 117
### 回答1:
可以先将两个单链表按元素值递增的次序各自排好,然后定义一个新的单链表,将第一个单链表的最小值插入新链表,接着将第二个单链表中比新链表最后一个结点小的元素插入新链表,以此类推,直到新链表中所有元素都插入完毕,最后得到一个按元素值递减次序排列的单链表。以C语言实现如下:struct listNode{
int data;
struct listNode *next;
};struct listNode *mergeList(struct listNode *head1, struct listNode *head2){
struct listNode *p1 = head1->next;
struct listNode *p2 = head2->next;
struct listNode *head = (struct listNode *)malloc(sizeof(struct listNode));
struct listNode *p = head;
while(p1 != NULL && p2 != NULL){
if(p1->data >= p2->data){
p->next = p1;
p1 = p1->next;
}else{
p->next = p2;
p2 = p2->next;
}
p = p->next;
}
if(p1 != NULL){
p->next = p1;
}
if(p2 != NULL){
p->next = p2;
}
return head;
}
### 回答2:
下面是一个使用C语言实现的将两个单链表合并为一个按元素值递减次序排列的单链表的代码:
```C
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
// 定义链表结构体
typedef struct Node
{
int data;
struct Node* next;
} Node;
// 合并两个有序链表并按递减次序排列
Node* mergeLists(Node* head1, Node* head2)
{
// 新建一个头结点指针,并初始化为空
Node* mergedHead = NULL;
// 当有一个链表为空时,直接返回另一个链表头指针
if (head1 == NULL)
return head2;
else if (head2 == NULL)
return head1;
// 选择头结点值较小的链表作为合并后的链表头
if (head1->data < head2->data)
{
mergedHead = head1;
head1 = head1->next;
}
else
{
mergedHead = head2;
head2 = head2->next;
}
// 定义一个指针指向合并后的链表的当前节点
Node* current = mergedHead;
// 遍历两个链表,比较节点值,并合并
while (head1 != NULL && head2 != NULL)
{
if (head1->data < head2->data)
{
current->next = head1;
head1 = head1->next;
}
else
{
current->next = head2;
head2 = head2->next;
}
current = current->next;
}
// 将剩余的节点连接到合并后的链表的末尾
if (head1 != NULL)
current->next = head1;
else if (head2 != NULL)
current->next = head2;
// 反转合并后的链表
Node* prev = NULL;
Node* nextNode = NULL;
current = mergedHead;
while (current != NULL)
{
nextNode = current->next;
current->next = prev;
prev = current;
current = nextNode;
}
mergedHead = prev;
return mergedHead;
}
int main()
{
// 创建链表头节点
Node* head1 = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
Node* head2 = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
// 初始化链表1
Node* node11 = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
Node* node12 = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
Node* node13 = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
node11->data = 5;
node12->data = 3;
node13->data = 1;
node11->next = node12;
node12->next = node13;
node13->next = NULL;
head1->next = node11;
// 初始化链表2
Node* node21 = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
Node* node22 = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
Node* node23 = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
node21->data = 6;
node22->data = 4;
node23->data = 2;
node21->next = node22;
node22->next = node23;
node23->next = NULL;
head2->next = node21;
// 合并链表
Node* mergedHead = mergeLists(head1->next, head2->next);
// 输出合并后的链表
printf("合并后的链表: ");
Node* current = mergedHead;
while (current != NULL)
{
printf("%d ", current->data);
current = current->next;
}
printf("\n");
// 释放内存
free(head1);
free(head2);
free(node11);
free(node12);
free(node13);
free(node21);
free(node22);
free(node23);
return 0;
}
```
这段代码首先定义了一个链表结构体Node,其中包含了一个整数数据成员data和一个指向下一个节点的指针next。然后定义了一个mergeLists函数,该函数用于合并两个有序链表并按递减次序排列。在主函数中,我们创建了两个链表,然后调用mergeLists函数将它们合并,并输出合并后的链表。最后释放内存。
### 回答3:
下面是用 C 语言实现将两个按元素值递增次序排列的单链表合并为一个按元素值递减次序排列的单链表的代码:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct Node {
int data;
struct Node* next;
} Node;
Node* mergeLists(Node* head1, Node* head2) {
Node* mergedHead = NULL;
Node* temp;
// 检查链表是否为空
if (head1 == NULL) {
return head2;
} else if (head2 == NULL) {
return head1;
}
// 递归地将链表节点较大的放在前面
if (head1->data <= head2->data) {
mergedHead = head1;
mergedHead->next = mergeLists(head1->next, head2);
} else {
mergedHead = head2;
mergedHead->next = mergeLists(head1, head2->next);
}
return mergedHead;
}
// 创建新节点
Node* createNode(int value) {
Node* newNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
newNode->data = value;
newNode->next = NULL;
return newNode;
}
// 插入节点到链表末尾
void insert(Node** head, int value) {
Node* newNode = createNode(value);
if (*head == NULL) {
*head = newNode;
return;
}
Node* temp = *head;
while (temp->next != NULL) {
temp = temp->next;
}
temp->next = newNode;
}
// 打印链表
void printList(Node* head) {
Node* temp = head;
while (temp != NULL) {
printf("%d ", temp->data);
temp = temp->next;
}
printf("\n");
}
int main() {
Node* head1 = NULL;
Node* head2 = NULL;
Node* mergedHead = NULL;
// 插入节点到链表1
insert(&head1, 10);
insert(&head1, 7);
insert(&head1, 5);
// 插入节点到链表2
insert(&head2, 11);
insert(&head2, 9);
insert(&head2, 6);
printf("List 1: ");
printList(head1);
printf("List 2: ");
printList(head2);
mergedHead = mergeLists(head1, head2);
printf("Merged list: ");
printList(mergedHead);
return 0;
}
```
此代码将创建两个按元素值递增次序排列的链表,并通过 `mergeLists` 函数将它们合并为一个按元素值递减次序排列的链表。最后,代码将打印出合并后的链表。
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