ESP32-C3， esp-idf 4.3.5。用gpio模拟方式模拟spi，GPIO14模拟SPI_CS，GPIO15模拟SPI_SCK，GPIO16模拟SPI_MOSI,GPIO17模拟SPI_MISO，GPIO4模拟NRST，GPIO12模拟IRQ。读写给个例程

好的，这里给出一个简单的例程，使用GPIO模拟SPI的方式，控制SPI设备进行读写操作。这里以一个SPI EEPROM芯片（例如25LC256）为例，演示如何进行读写操作。

#include <stdio.h>
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "driver/spi_master.h"

#define SPI_CS   GPIO_NUM_14
#define SPI_SCK  GPIO_NUM_15
#define SPI_MOSI GPIO_NUM_16
#define SPI_MISO GPIO_NUM_17
#define NRST     GPIO_NUM_4
#define IRQ      GPIO_NUM_12

#define CMD_READ    0x03
#define CMD_WRITE   0x02
#define CMD_WRDI    0x04
#define CMD_WREN    0x06
#define CMD_RDSR    0x05
#define CMD_WRSR    0x01

#define PAGE_SIZE   256

static spi_device_handle_t spi;

static void spi_init()
{
    spi_bus_config_t buscfg = {
        .miso_io_num = SPI_MISO,
        .mosi_io_num = SPI_MOSI,
        .sclk_io_num = SPI_SCK,
        .quadwp_io_num = -1,
        .quadhd_io_num = -1,
        .max_transfer_sz = 0,
    };
    spi_device_interface_config_t devcfg = {
        .clock_speed_hz = 1000000,    // 时钟速度：1MHz
        .mode = 0,                    // SPI模式：0
        .spics_io_num = SPI_CS,       // 片选IO口
        .queue_size = 1,              // 传输队列深度：1
    };
    spi_bus_initialize(VSPI_HOST, &buscfg, 1);
    spi_bus_add_device(VSPI_HOST, &devcfg, &spi);

    printf("SPI initialized!\n");
}

static void spi_write_enable()
{
    uint8_t cmd = CMD_WREN;
    spi_transaction_t t = {
        .flags = SPI_TRANS_USE_TXDATA,
        .length = 8,
        .tx_data = {cmd},
    };
    spi_device_polling_transmit(spi, &t);
}

static void spi_write_disable()
{
    uint8_t cmd = CMD_WRDI;
    spi_transaction_t t = {
        .flags = SPI_TRANS_USE_TXDATA,
        .length = 8,
        .tx_data = {cmd},
    };
    spi_device_polling_transmit(spi, &t);
}

static void spi_write_status(uint8_t status)
{
    uint8_t cmd[2] = {CMD_WRSR, status};
    spi_transaction_t t = {
        .flags = SPI_TRANS_USE_TXDATA,
        .length = 16,
        .tx_data = {cmd[0], cmd[1]},
    };
    spi_device_polling_transmit(spi, &t);
}

static uint8_t spi_read_status()
{
    uint8_t cmd = CMD_RDSR;
    spi_transaction_t t = {
        .flags = SPI_TRANS_USE_TXDATA | SPI_TRANS_USE_RXDATA,
        .length = 16,
        .tx_data = {cmd, 0},
    };
    spi_device_polling_transmit(spi, &t);
    return t.rx_data[1];
}

static void spi_write(uint32_t addr, uint8_t *data, uint32_t len)
{
    spi_write_enable();

    uint8_t cmd[4] = {CMD_WRITE, (addr >> 16) & 0xFF, (addr >> 8) & 0xFF, addr & 0xFF};
    spi_transaction_t t = {
        .flags = SPI_TRANS_USE_TXDATA,
        .length = (len + 4) * 8,
        .tx_data = {cmd[0], cmd[1], cmd[2], cmd[3]},
    };
    memcpy(&t.tx_data[4], data, len);
    spi_device_polling_transmit(spi, &t);

    spi_write_disable();
}

static void spi_read(uint32_t addr, uint8_t *data, uint32_t len)
{
    uint8_t cmd[4] = {CMD_READ, (addr >> 16) & 0xFF, (addr >> 8) & 0xFF, addr & 0xFF};
    spi_transaction_t t = {
        .flags = SPI_TRANS_USE_TXDATA | SPI_TRANS_USE_RXDATA,
        .length = (len + 4) * 8,
        .tx_data = {cmd[0], cmd[1], cmd[2], cmd[3]},
    };
    spi_device_polling_transmit(spi, &t);
    memcpy(data, &t.rx_data[4], len);
}

void app_main()
{
    spi_init();

    uint8_t write_buf[PAGE_SIZE];
    uint8_t read_buf[PAGE_SIZE];

    // 写入数据
    memset(write_buf, 0x55, PAGE_SIZE);
    spi_write_status(0x00);
    spi_write(0x000000, write_buf, PAGE_SIZE);

    // 读取数据
    spi_read(0x000000, read_buf, PAGE_SIZE);
    printf("Read data: %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X ...\n", 
        read_buf[0], read_buf[1], read_buf[2], read_buf[3], read_buf[4], read_buf[5], read_buf[6], read_buf[7]);
}

需要注意的是，上面的程序只是一个简单的示例，实际使用时需要根据具体的硬件接口和芯片驱动进行相应的修改。