生成以下代码的流程图void PrintHUffmancode(HuffmanCode H) //将文件中字符的哈夫曼编码打印出来并将其写入指定txt文件 { FILE *fp; char ch; char Filename[80]; char file[80]; printf ("output the Huffmancode of which file:"); scanf("%s",Filename); if((fp=fopen(Filename,"r"))==NULL) printf("failda\n"); ch = fgetc(fp); int L =0; printf("1"); while(ch != EOF) { for(int i = 0; i<n; i++) { if(H[i].ch == ch) { printf("%s",H[i].bits); sprintf(s+L,"%s",H[i].bits); L=strlen(s); } } ch = fgetc(fp); } printf("\n"); for(int k =0;k<n;k++) { printf("%c-%s\n",H[k].ch, H[k].bits); } // printf("3\n"); fclose(fp); printf("stand by\n"); PHUM(file,s); }

以下是 PrintHUffmancode 函数的流程图：

Start
|
Input Filename
|
Open File
|
Read Character from File
|
While Character is not EOF
|   |
|   Loop through HuffmanCode H
|   |   |
|   |   If H[i].ch is equal to Character
|   |   |   |
|   |   |   Print H[i].bits
|   |   |   |
|   |   |   Append H[i].bits to s
|   |   |   |
|   |   |   Update L
|   |   |   |
|   |   End If
|   End Loop
|   |
|   Read Next Character from File
End While
|
Print Huffmancode of each character
|
Close File
|
Output "stand by"
|
Call PHUM with file and s as arguments
|
End

相关问题

c语言如何将文本文件中指定的字符按照已经生成的哈夫曼编码，以二进位的方式替换的代码，并写出注释

答：
为了将文本文件中指定的字符按照已经生成的哈夫曼编码以二进制的方式进行替换，在C语言中可以使用以下代码实现：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>

#define MAX 10000 //定义最大文本字符串长度 

//哈夫曼编码树结构体
struct HuffmanTreeNode {
    int weight;
    char c;
    struct HuffmanTreeNode* left;
    struct HuffmanTreeNode* right;
};
typedef struct HuffmanTreeNode HuffmanTreeNode;

//哈夫曼编码表结构体
struct HuffmanTable {
    char c;
    char* code;
};
typedef struct HuffmanTable HuffmanTable;

//读取文本文件的函数
char* read_text_file(char* filename) {
    FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "rb");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("Can not open file %s\n", filename);
        exit(0);
    }
    char* text = (char*)malloc(MAX);
    int count = 0;
    char ch;
    while ((ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF && count < MAX) {
        text[count++] = ch;
    }
    text[count] = '\0';
    fclose(fp);
    return text;
}

//生成哈夫曼编码树
HuffmanTreeNode* generate_huffman_tree(HuffmanTreeNode** nodes, int n) {
    while (n > 1) {
        int minIndex1 = -1;
        int minIndex2 = -1;
        //找到权值最小的两个节点
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if (nodes[i] != NULL && minIndex1 == -1) {
                minIndex1 = i;
                continue;
            }
            if (nodes[i] != NULL) {
                if (nodes[i]->weight < nodes[minIndex1]->weight) {
                    minIndex2 = minIndex1;
                    minIndex1 = i;
                }
                else if (nodes[i]->weight == nodes[minIndex1]->weight) {
                    int len1 = 0, len2 = 0;
                    HuffmanTreeNode* p1 = nodes[i];
                    HuffmanTreeNode* p2 = nodes[minIndex1];
                    while (p1->left != NULL) {
                        len1++;
                        p1 = p1->left;
                    }
                    while (p2->left != NULL) {
                        len2++;
                        p2 = p2->left;
                    }
                    if (len1 < len2) {
                        minIndex2 = minIndex1;
                        minIndex1 = i;
                    }
                    else {
                        minIndex2 = i;
                    }
                }
                else {
                    if (minIndex2 == -1 || nodes[i]->weight < nodes[minIndex2]->weight) {
                        minIndex2 = i;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        //合并两个节点
        HuffmanTreeNode* newnode = (HuffmanTreeNode*)malloc(sizeof(HuffmanTreeNode));
        newnode->c = '\0';
        newnode->weight = nodes[minIndex1]->weight + nodes[minIndex2]->weight;
        newnode->left = nodes[minIndex1];
        newnode->right = nodes[minIndex2];
        nodes[minIndex1] = newnode;
        nodes[minIndex2] = NULL;
        n--;
    }
    //返回哈夫曼编码树的根节点
    for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++) {
        if (nodes[i] != NULL) {
            return nodes[i];
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

//生成哈夫曼编码表
void generate_huffman_table(HuffmanTreeNode* root, HuffmanTable* table, char* code, int len) {
    if (root->left == NULL && root->right == NULL) {
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < MAX; i++) {
            if (table[i].c == root->c || table[i].c == '\0') {
                break;
            }
        }
        table[i].c = root->c;
        table[i].code = (char*)malloc(len + 1);
        strncpy(table[i].code, code, len);
        table[i].code[len] = '\0';
        return;
    }
    code[len] = '0';
    code[len + 1] = '\0';
    generate_huffman_table(root->left, table, code, len + 1);
    code[len] = '1';
    code[len + 1] = '\0';
    generate_huffman_table(root->right, table, code, len + 1);
}

//根据哈夫曼编码表替换文本中的字符
void replace_text_by_huffman_code(char* text, int n, HuffmanTable* table, int table_len) {
    //将文本中的字符替换为哈夫曼编码
    char* newtext = (char*)malloc(MAX * 8);
    int count = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        char c = text[i];
        int j;
        for (j = 0; j < table_len; j++) {
            if (table[j].c == c) {
                for (int k = 0; k < strlen(table[j].code); k++) {
                    newtext[count++] = table[j].code[k];
                }
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    newtext[count] = '\0';
    //将新的文本以二进制方式写入文件
    FILE* fp = fopen("encoded.bin", "wb");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("Can not open file encoded.bin\n");
        exit(0);
    }
    fwrite(newtext, 1, count, fp);
    fclose(fp);
}

int main() {
    //读取文本文件
    char* text = read_text_file("text.txt");
    int n = strlen(text);
    //构建哈夫曼编码树
    HuffmanTreeNode* nodes[MAX];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        nodes[i] = (HuffmanTreeNode*)malloc(sizeof(HuffmanTreeNode));
        nodes[i]->c = text[i];
        nodes[i]->weight = 0;
        nodes[i]->left = NULL;
        nodes[i]->right = NULL;
    }
    HuffmanTreeNode* root = generate_huffman_tree(nodes, n);
    //生成哈夫曼编码表
    HuffmanTable table[MAX];
    char code[MAX];
    generate_huffman_table(root, table, code, 0);
    int table_len = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++) {
        if (table[i].c != '\0') {
            table_len++;
        }
    }
    //根据哈夫曼编码表替换文本中的字符
    replace_text_by_huffman_code(text, n, table, table_len);
    return 0;
}

注释见代码。

c语言如何将文本文件中的字符按照已经生成的哈夫曼编码，以二进位的方式替换的代码，并写出注释

以下是C语言将文本文件中的字符按照已经生成的哈夫曼编码，以二进制的方式替换的代码，并添加了注释，希望能够帮助到您：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

struct HuffmanTreeNode {
    unsigned char value;        // 字符的ASC码
    int frequency;              // 字符出现的频率
    struct HuffmanTreeNode *left;
    struct HuffmanTreeNode *right;
};
typedef struct HuffmanTreeNode *HuffmanTree;

int main() {
    char inputFilename[256];    // 待处理的文件
    char outputFilename[256];   // 输出文件的名称
    printf("Enter the name of the input file: ");
    scanf("%s", inputFilename);
    printf("Enter the name of the output file: ");
    scanf("%s", outputFilename);

    // 读取哈夫曼编码
    FILE *codeFile = fopen("code_table", "rb");
    if (!codeFile) {
        printf("Failed to read the code table.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    char code[256][256] = {0};
    char c, buf[256];
    int i = 0, j = 0;
    bool inCode = false;
    while ((c = fgetc(codeFile)) != EOF) {
        if (inCode) {
            if (c == '\n') {
                buf[j] = '\0';
                strcpy(code[i], buf);
                j = 0;
                inCode = false;
                i++;
            } else {
                buf[j] = c;
                j++;
            }
        } else {
            if (c == ':') {
                buf[j] = '\0';
                code[i][0] = buf[0];
                inCode = true;
                j = 0;
            }
            else {
                buf[j] = c;
                j++;
            }
        }
    }

    // 构建哈夫曼树
    FILE *treeFile = fopen("huffman_tree", "rb");
    if (!treeFile) {
        printf("Failed to read the huffman tree.\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    HuffmanTree root = malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanTreeNode));
    HuffmanTree curNode = NULL;
    while ((c = fgetc(treeFile)) != EOF) {
        if (c == '1') {
            if (!root->left) {
                root->left = malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanTreeNode));
                curNode = root->left;
            }
            else if (!curNode->left) {
                curNode->left = malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanTreeNode));
                curNode = curNode->left;
            }
            else {
                while (curNode->right) {     // 如果该节点的右节点已有值，则不断地往上跳
                    curNode = curNode->right;
                }
                curNode->right = malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanTreeNode));
                curNode = curNode->right;
            }
        }
        else if (c == '0') {
            if (!root->left) {
                root->left = malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanTreeNode));
                curNode = root->left;
            }
            else if (!curNode->left) {
                curNode->left = malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanTreeNode));
                curNode = curNode->left;
            }
            else {
                while (curNode->right) {     // 如果该节点的右节点已有值，则不断地往上跳
                    curNode = curNode->right;
                }
                curNode->right = malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanTreeNode));
                curNode = curNode->right;
            }
        }
        else if (c >= 32 && c <= 126) {    // 可打印字符
            curNode->value = c;
            i = 0;
            j = 0;
            while (code[c][i] != '\0') {
                if (code[c][i] == '1') {
                    curNode->left = malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanTreeNode));
                    curNode = curNode->left;
                }
                else if (code[c][i] == '0') {
                    curNode->right = malloc(sizeof(struct HuffmanTreeNode));
                    curNode = curNode->right;
                }
                i++;
            }
            curNode->value = 0;
            curNode = root;     // 一棵树处理完，从头再开始
        }
    }

    // 打开待处理文件
    FILE *inputFile = fopen(inputFilename, "rb");
    if (!inputFile) {
        printf("Failed to open the input file.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    // 打开输出文件
    FILE *outputFile = fopen(outputFilename, "wb");
    if (!outputFile) {
        printf("Failed to create the output file.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    // 逐个字节读取待处理文件
    unsigned char c_;
    while ((c_ = fgetc(inputFile)) != EOF) {
        i = 0;
        while (code[c_][i] != '\0') {   // 将编码写进缓冲区
            buf[i] = code[c_][i];
            i++;
        }
        strcat(buf, "0");               // 每个字符的编码末位都是0
        fwrite(buf, 1, strlen(buf), outputFile);
    }
    fclose(inputFile);
    fclose(outputFile);
    fclose(codeFile);
    fclose(treeFile);
    return 0;
}

希望以上代码能够帮助到您！